Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins : The Structure, Characteristics and the Implication on Clinical Medicine

• Autore: Qiu Xiaoyan
• Pubblicazione: Singapore : , : Springer Singapore Pte. Limited, , 2024; ©2024
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (193 pages)
• Altri autori: HuangJing XuXiaojun
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editor and Contributors -- About the Editor -- Contributors -- Illustrations and Illustration Coordinator -- Part I: Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins: From Gene to Structure and Function -- 1: Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulin, A Brighter Horizon for the Future -- 1.1 The Historical Background and Limitations of the Classic Theory About the Formation, Structure, and Function of Ig -- 1.1.1 The Broadly Accepted Classic Concept That Ig Only Exhibits Antibody Activity Needs to Be Reevaluated from a Fresh Perspective -- 1.1.2 Several Influential Hypotheses Had Emerged Regarding the Mechanism of Antibody Production -- 1.1.3 B Cells and Plasma Cells Have Been Found to Secrete Antibodies -- 1.1.4 The Concept That "Only B Cells/Plasma Cells Can Produce Ig" Was Further Reinforced by a Misinterpretation of the Findings by Susumu Tonegawa -- 1.2 The Discovery and Identification of Non B Cell-Derived Igs -- 1.2.1 Non B Cell-Derived Ig Was Initially Discovered in Epithelial Tumour Cells -- 1.2.2 A New Horizon of Immunoglobulin Study -- References -- 2: The Expression of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins -- 2.1 Non B-Igs Expression in Non B Cancers -- 2.1.1 Epithelial Cancers Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.1 Breast Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.2 Lung Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.3 Colorectal Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.4 Ovarian Cancer and Cervical Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.5 Pancreatic Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.6 Oral Epithelial Carcinoma Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.7 Bladder Cancer and Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.8 Prostate Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.1.9 Papillary Thyroid Cancer Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.1.2 Soft Tissue Sarcoma Cells Produce Non B-Igs. ; 2.1.3 Myeloblasts of Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML) Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.2 Non B-Ig Expression in Normal Cells -- 2.2.1 Epithelial Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.2.1.1 Mouse Epithelial Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.2.1.2 Human Epithelial Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.2.2 Cardiomyocytes Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.2.3 Monocytes, Macrophages, Neutrophils, and Haematopoietic Stem Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.2.4 Human Renal Mesangial Cells (HRMCs) and Podocytes Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.3 Non B-Ig Expression in Immune-Privileged Sites -- 2.3.1 Neurons of the Central Nervous System (CNS) Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.3.2 Spermatogenic Cells Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.3.3 Eyes Produce Non B-Igs -- 2.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 3: Genetic Characteristics of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulin Genes -- 3.1 The Generation of Immunoglobulin Diversity -- 3.1.1 A Brief Introduction to the Discovery of Ig Diversity -- 3.1.2 The DNA Segments of the Immunoglobulin Gene and Their Rearrangement -- 3.2 The Discovery of Rearranged V(D)J Gene Transcripts in Non-B Cells -- 3.3 Non-B Cell-Derived Igs Also Display Insertion/Deletion at Joining Ends and Are Potentially Functional -- 3.4 Non-B Cell-Derived Ig Rearrangements Are Highly Biased in Individuals and Conserved Amongst Populations -- 3.5 Somatic Hypermutation of Functional V Genes in Non-B Cells -- 3.6 The Conventional Concept of Class Switching Does Not Apply to the IgG and IgA Produced by Non-B Cells -- 3.7 Mechanism of Ig Gene Rearrangement in Non-B Cells is in a RAG1/RAG2-Independent Manner -- 3.8 Prospect -- References -- 4: The Gene Rearrangement and Transcriptional Regulation of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulin -- 4.1 Mechanism of Ig Gene Rearrangement in B Cells and Non-B Cells -- 4.1.1 Mechanism of Ig Gene Rearrangement in B Cells -- 4.1.2 Mechanism of Ig Gene Rearrangement in Non-B Cells. ; 4.2 Ig Gene Transcription Regulation in B Cells and Non-B Cells -- 4.2.1 The Mechanism of Transcriptional Regulation on the Ig Promoter Region of B Cells -- 4.2.2 The Mechanism of Transcriptional Regulation on the Ig Promoter Region of Non-B Cells -- 4.2.2.1 Oct-1 Can Drive Ig Transcription in Non-B Cells -- 4.2.2.1.1 The Regulation Mechanism of Ig Transcription on VH6-1 Promoter -- 4.2.2.1.2 VH4-59 Promoter in Regulation of Ig Transcription in Non-B Cells -- 4.2.2.2 Ets-1 Can Drive Ig Iα1 Transcription in Non-B Cells -- 4.2.2.3 Both Sox2 and Oct-4 Together Drive Igγ Transcription in Non-B Cancer Stem Cells -- 4.3 Regulation of Ig Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switch DNA Rearrangement in B Cells and Non-B Cells -- 4.3.1 Regulation of Ig Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switch DNA Rearrangement in B Cells -- 4.3.2 Regulation of Ig Somatic Hypermutation and Class Switch DNA Rearrangement in Non-B Cells -- 4.4 Future Perspectives -- References -- 5: The Structure Characteristics and Function of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulin -- 5.1 Structure and Characteristics of Non B-Ig -- 5.1.1 Non B-Ig Can Express All Five Classes of Ig -- 5.1.2 Variable Region and Constant Domains of Non B-Ig -- 5.1.3 Physicochemical Property of Non B-Ig -- 5.1.4 Glycosylation of Non B-Ig -- 5.2 The Biological Function of Non B-Ig -- 5.2.1 Non B-Ig Serve as Natural Antibody -- 5.2.2 Non B-Ig Exerts Cellular Biological Function as an Extracellular Matrix Protein or Cytoskeleton-Related Protein -- 5.2.3 Non B-Ig Is Implicated in Cancer Progression -- 5.2.3.1 Non B-Ig Sustains the Survival and Proliferation of Tumour Cells -- 5.2.3.2 Non B-Ig Fosters Tumour Migration and Invasion -- 5.2.3.3 Differentiation of Cancer Cells and Prognosis of Cancer Are Correlated with Non B-IgG. ; 5.2.3.4 Sialylated IgG Is Highly Expressed in Cancer Stem Cells and Promotes Carcinogenesis and Metastasis -- 5.2.3.5 Sialylated IgG Promotes Tumour Immune Escape -- 5.3 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 6: Comparison of Non B-Ig and B-Ig -- 6.1 The Discovery of Immunoglobulins -- 6.2 Immunoglobulin Biochemistry -- 6.3 The Immunoglobulin Heavy and Light Chains -- 6.4 Post-translational Modifications -- 6.5 Polymerised Forms of Immunoglobulin -- 6.6 The Antigen-Binding Site -- 6.7 Genetic Recombination Generates Antibody Diversity -- 6.8 Class Switching -- 6.9 Somatic Hypermutation -- 6.10 Switching from BCR to Secreted Immunoglobulin -- 6.11 Ig Gene Expression Regulation -- 6.12 Function of Immunoglobulins -- 6.13 Perspectives -- References -- Part II: Physiological and Pathological Significance of Non B-Ig in Different Tissues -- 7: Functions and Clinical Relevance of Liver-Derived Immunoglobulins -- 7.1 The Non-immunological and Immunological Functions of Liver -- 7.2 Expression of Liver Epithelial Cell-Derived Igs -- 7.2.1 Expression of Igs in Liver Cancer Cells -- 7.2.2 Expression of Igs in Normal Liver Epithelial Cells -- 7.3 The Function of Liver Epithelial Cell-Derived Igs -- 7.3.1 Liver Epithelial Cell-Derived IgM Serves as a Source of Natural Antibody That Contributes to Innate Immune Responses -- 7.3.2 Liver Epithelial Cell-Derived Igs Acts as a Growth Factor in Promoting Cell Proliferation and Survival in Normal Hepatocytes and Hepatocarcinoma -- 7.4 Clinical Significance of Liver-Derived Igs -- 7.4.1 Liver-Derived Igs May Serve as Potential Biomarkers or Prognostic Indicators for Liver Cancers -- 7.4.2 Liver-Derived Igs Can be the Target for Therapy of Liver Cancer and Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) -- 7.5 Perspectives of Fundamental Research and Clinical Applications of Liver-Derived Igs -- References. ; 8: Expression and Clinical Significance of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins in the Urinary System and Male Reproductive System -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Ig Expression in Renal Parenchymal Cells and Correlation Between Renal Ig Deposition and Diseases -- 8.2.1 Physiological and Pathological Significance of IgA Expression in Glomerular Mesangial Cell -- 8.2.1.1 Mesangial Cells Could Spontaneously Produce and Secrete Gd-IgA1 -- 8.2.1.2 Possible Pathological Significance of IgA Expression in IgA Nephropathy -- 8.2.2 Physiological and Pathological Significance of Non-B-Igs Expression in Podocytes -- 8.2.2.1 Non B-Igs in Podocytes -- 8.2.2.2 IgG Produced by Podocytes Is a Potential Cause Leading to Membranous Nephropathy -- 8.2.3 IgG Produced by Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells May be Involved in Renal Fibrosis -- 8.2.4 Non B-Igs May be Involved in Other Diseases Caused by Pathogenic Ig Deposition in the Kidneys -- 8.2.4.1 Non B-Igs May be Involved in Lupus Nephritis -- 8.2.4.2 Igs in Renal Amyloidosis -- 8.2.5 Prospect -- 8.3 Expression and Clinical Significance of Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins in Urinary System Tumours -- 8.3.1 Prostate Cancer and IgG -- 8.3.1.1 SIA-IgG Expression in Prostate Cancer -- 8.3.1.2 SIA-IgG Promote the Development of Prostate Cancer -- 8.3.2 Renal Cancer and IgG -- 8.3.3 Bladder Cancer and IgG -- 8.3.4 Prospects -- References -- 9: Functions and Clinical Significance of Myocardial Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins -- 9.1 General Considerations -- 9.2 Elevated Ig Level and the Implications to Cardiovascular Diseases -- 9.2.1 IgM and Myocardial Infarction -- 9.2.2 IgG and Dilated Cardiomyopathy -- 9.2.3 FLC and Amyloid Cardiomyopathy -- 9.2.4 FLC and Heart Failure -- 9.2.5 FLC and Viral Myocarditis -- 9.3 Igs Can Be Expressed by Cardiomyocytes. ; 9.4 The Physiological Function of Igκ in Cardiomyocytes.
• Titolo autorizzato: Non B Cell-Derived Immunoglobulins
• ISBN: 9789819705115; 9789819705108
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910872197703321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology Series