American English : Dialects and Variation

• Autore: Wolfram Walt
• Pubblicazione: Hoboken : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2015; ©2014
• Edizione: 3rd ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (457 pages)
• Disciplina: 427/.973
• Soggetto topico: English language -- Dialects -- United States; English language -- Variation -- United States; Americanisms
• Altri autori: SchillingNatalie
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Companion Website -- List of Figures -- Preface -- Phonetic Symbols -- Chapter 1 Dialects, Standards, and Vernaculars -- 1.1 Defining Dialect -- 1.2 Dialect: The Popular Viewpoint -- 1.3 Dialect Myths and Linguistic Reality -- 1.4 Standards and Vernaculars -- 1.5 Language Descriptivism and Prescriptivism -- 1.6 Vernacular Dialects -- 1.7 Labeling Vernacular Dialects -- 1.8 Why Study Dialects? -- 1.9 A Tradition of Study -- 1.10 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 2 Why Dialects? -- 2.1 Sociohistorical Explanation -- 2.1.1 Settlement -- 2.1.2 Migration -- 2.1.3 Geographical factors -- 2.1.4 Language contact -- 2.1.5 Economic ecology -- 2.1.6 Social stratification -- 2.1.7 Social interaction, social practices, and speech communities -- 2.1.8 Group and individual identity -- 2.2 Linguistic Explanation -- 2.2.1 Rule extension -- 2.2.2 Analogy -- 2.2.3 Transparency and grammaticalization -- 2.2.4 Pronunciation principles -- 2.2.5 Words and word meanings -- 2.3 The Final Product -- 2.4 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 3 Levels of Dialect -- 3.1 Lexical Differences -- 3.2 Slang -- 3.3 Phonological Differences -- 3.4 Grammatical Differences -- 3.5 Language Use and Pragmatics -- 3.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 4 Dialects in the United States: Past, Present, and Future -- 4.1 The First English(es) in America -- 4.1.1 Jamestown -- 4.1.2 Boston -- 4.1.3 Philadelphia -- 4.1.4 Charleston -- 4.1.5 New Orleans -- 4.2 Earlier American English: The Colonial Period -- 4.3 American English Extended -- 4.4 The Westward Expansion of English -- 4.5 The Present and Future State of American English -- 4.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 5 Regional Varieties of English -- 5.1 Eliciting Regional Dialect Forms -- 5.2 Mapping Regional Variants -- 5.3 The Distribution of Dialect Forms. ; 5.4 Dialect Diffusion -- 5.5 Perceptual Dialectology -- 5.6 Region and Place -- 5.7 Further Reading -- Websites -- References -- Chapter 6 Social Varieties of American English -- 6.1 Social Status and Class -- 6.2 Beyond Social Class -- 6.3 Indexing Social Meanings through Language Variation -- 6.4 The Patterning of Social Differences in Language -- 6.5 Linguistic Constraints on Variability -- 6.6 The Social Evaluation of Linguistic Features -- 6.7 Social Class and Language Change -- 6.8 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 7 Ethnicity and American English -- 7.1 Ethnic Varieties and Ethnolinguistic Repertoire -- 7.2 Patterns of Ethnolinguistic Variation -- 7.3 Latino English -- 7.4 Cajun English -- 7.5 Lumbee English -- 7.6 Jewish American English -- 7.7 Asian American English -- 7.8 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 8 African American English -- 8.1 Defining the English of African Americans -- 8.2 The Relationship between European American and African American English -- 8.3 The Origin and Early Development of African American English -- 8.3.1 The Anglicist Hypothesis -- 8.3.2 The Creolist Hypothesis -- 8.3.3 A Note on Creole Exceptionalism -- 8.3.4 The Neo-Anglicist Hypothesis -- 8.3.5 The Substrate Hypothesis -- 8.4 The Contemporary Development of African American Speech -- 8.5 Conclusion -- 8.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 9 Gender and Language Variation -- 9.1 Gender-based Patterns of Variation -- 9.2 Explaining General Patterns -- 9.3 Localized Expressions of Gender Relations -- 9.4 Communities of Practice: Linking the Local and the Global -- 9.5 Gender and Language Use -- 9.5.1 The "Female Deficit" Approach -- 9.5.2 The "Cultural Difference" Approach -- 9.5.3 The "Dominance" Approach -- 9.6 Investigating Gender Diversity -- 9.7 Talking about Men and Women -- 9.7.1 Generic he and man -- 9.7.2 Family names and addresses. ; 9.7.3 Relationships of association -- 9.7.4 Labeling -- 9.8 The Question of Language Reform -- 9.9 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 10 Dialects and Style -- 10.1 Types of Style Shifting -- 10.2 Attention to Speech -- 10.2.1 The patterning of stylistic variation across social groups -- 10.2.2 Limitations of the attention to speech approach -- 10.3 Audience Design -- 10.3.1 The effects of audience on speech style -- 10.3.2 Questions concerning audience design -- 10.4 Speaker Design Approaches -- 10.4.1 Three approaches to style, "three waves" of quantitative sociolinguistic study -- 10.4.2 Studying stylistic variation from a speaker-design perspective -- 10.5 Further Considerations -- 10.6 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 11 The Application of Dialect Study -- 11.1 Dialects and Assessment Testing -- 11.1.1 "Correctness" in assessing language achievement and development -- 11.1.2 Testing linguistic knowledge -- 11.1.3 Using language to test other knowledge -- 11.1.4 The testing situation -- 11.2 Teaching Mainstream American English -- 11.2.1 What standard? -- 11.2.2 Approaches to MAE -- 11.2.3 Can MAE be taught? -- 11.3 Further Reading -- References -- Chapter 12 Dialect Awareness: Extending Application -- 12.1 Dialects and Reading -- 12.2 Dialect Influence in Written Language -- 12.3 Literary Dialect -- 12.4 Proactive Dialect Awareness Programs -- 12.5 Venues of Engagement -- 12.6 A Curriculum on Dialects -- 12.7 Scrutinizing Sociolinguistic Engagement -- 12.8 Further Reading -- Websites -- References -- Appendix: An Inventory of Distinguishing Dialect Features -- Phonological Features -- Consonants -- Grammatical Features -- The Verb Phrase -- Adverbs -- Negation -- Nouns and Pronouns -- Other Grammatical Structures -- References -- Glossary -- Reference -- Index -- EULA.
• Sommario/riassunto: The new edition of this classic text chronicles recent breakthrough developments in the field of American English, covering regional, ethnic, and gender-based differences. Now accompanied by a companion website with an extensive array of sound files, video clips, and other online materials to enhance and illustrate discussions in the text Features brand new chapters that cover the very latest topics, such as Levels of Dialect, Regional Varieties of English, Gender and Language Variation, The Application of Dialect Study, and Dialect Awareness: Extending Application, as well as new exercises with online answers Updated to contain dialect samples from a wider array of US regions Written for students taking courses in dialect studies, variationist sociolinguistics, and linguistic anthropology, and requires no pre-knowledge of linguistics Includes a glossary and extensive appendix of the pronunciation, grammatical, and lexical features of American English dialects
• Titolo autorizzato: American English
• ISBN: 9781118391433; 9781118390221
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910954610403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Language in Society Ser.