The placenta : development, function and diseases / / Richard Nicholson, editor

• Pubblicazione: Hauppauge, N.Y., : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2013
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (384 p.)
• Disciplina: 618.3/4
• Soggetto topico: Placenta; Reproduction
• Altri autori: NicholsonRichard
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- THE PLACENTA: DEVELOPMENT, FUNCTION AND DISEASES -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1: An Overview of Development, Function, and Diseases of the Placenta -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Placental Development -- Placental Functions -- Placental Diseases -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Emerging Tasks of PAR1 and PAR2 in the Placenta Trophoblast Anchoring to the Uterus Deciduas -- Abstract -- Introduction -- PAR1 Expression in Human Placental Villi -- PAR1 and b-Catenin Stabilization in a Physiological Invasion Process: The Placenta Trophoblasts -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Leptin Action and Leptin Receptor Signaling in Human Trophoblasts -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Leptin Receptor Signaling in Placenta -- JAK/STAT Signal Transduction Cascade -- MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) Cascade -- The PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase) Pathway -- Sam68 (Src-Associated in Mitosis) -- Leptin Action in Placenta -- References -- Chapter 4: Immunology of Human Pregnancy: Transfer of Antibodies and Associated Placental Function -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Human Placenta -- Exploring Methods of Human Placental Function -- Placental Transport Mechanisms -- Transport of Immunoglobulin G and Its Subclasses across the Human Placenta -- Ex Vivo Investigations -- Immunologic Diseases of Human Pregnancy and Suggested Therapies -- The Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Human Placenta for Immunotherapy -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Effects of Maternal Nutrition Imbalance during Pregnancy on Outcome in Offspring -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Maternal Nutrition Disturbance and Its Adverse Outcome on Offspring Health -- Placental Transport Activity Associates the Maternal Nutrition Status with the Offspring Outcome. ; Mechanisms for Maternal Nutrition to Influence Placental Programming of Disease in Offspring -- Nutritional Interventions for a Better Offspring Outcome -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Role of Placental Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Alcohol Exposure in Fetal Development -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Embryonic Development -- Functions of the Placenta -- Placenta and Oxidative Stress -- Peroxynitrite Mediates Lipid Oxidation and Nitration -- Apoptosis in the Placenta -- Fetal Development and Oxidative Stress -- Mother´S Alcohol Exposure and Pregnancy Hypertension -- Hypoxic Stress and Neuroactive Steroid Responses -- Rat Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Impaired Placentation -- Effect of Alcohol on Neural Crest Cells Apoptosis -- Effect of Alcohol on Embryo Brain Development and Behaviour -- Effect of Alcohol Exposure on Embryo Cardiac Development -- Effect of Alcohol Exposure on Embryo Liver Development -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: The Role of Nitric Oxide in Placental Function -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Oxidative Stress and Nitric Oxide in Normal Pregnancy -- Preeclampsia: Current Theories -- Potential Role of L-Arginine - A Nitric Oxide Donor - In PE Prevention -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: HCG and Hyperglycosylated HCG, Promoters of Villous Placenta and Hemochorial Placentation -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results and Discussion -- References -- Chapter 9: Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors during Pregnancyand Their Potential HealthEffects on Newborns -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Placental Transport of Environmental Toxicants -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Placenta -- Transport of Substances throughHuman Hemochorial Placenta -- Human Placental Transfer Models. ; Placental Transfer of Environmental Toxicants -- Methods -- BeWo B30 Clone Monolayer Cell Transfer Model -- Results -- Effect of Carrier Molecule Albuminon 14C-Bap Placental Transport -- Discussion -- Placental Transport of Halogenated Molecules -- Causes of Variation in Placental Perfusion Model -- BeWo Cell Transfer vs. Placental Transfer -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Placental Toxicology of Organic Pollutants -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. POPs: Characteristics, Sources of Environmental Exposure and Effects -- 3. Factors Influencing POPs Accumulation in the Placenta -- 4. Foundations of POPs Toxicity in the Placenta -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12: The Placental ReninAngiotensin System -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Renin-Angiotensin System -- Identification of Placental RAS Gene Expression -- Expression and Localization ofRAS Proteins in the Placenta -- Regulation of the Expressionand Activity of the Placental RAS -- Functions of the Placental RAS -- The Placental Renin-AngiotensinSystem and Its Role(S) in Preeclampsiaand Intrauterine Growth Restriction -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Relationship between Placenta-Preeclampsia and the Long Term Clinical Outcome in Adult Offspring -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Fetal Programing -- Placental Coagulable State -- Placental Vascularization -- High-Altitude Hypoxia and Preeclampsia -- Placental Transport of Amino Acids -- Maternal Fetal Nutrition and Adult Life Diseases -- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids-Placenta and Maternal Nutrition -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14: Mitochondrial ATP-Diphosphohydrolase and Steroidogenesis in the Human Placenta -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Architecture of Human Placental Mitochondria -- ATP-Induced Oxygen Uptake by Syncytiotrophoblast Mitochondria. ; Kinetic Analysis of ATP-Diphosphohydrolase Activity -- Role of ATP-Diphosphohydrolase in Progesterone Synthesis -- Syncytiotrophoblast metabolism and the Mitochondria -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 15: Characterization and ClinicalApplication of Mesenchymal StemCells Derived from Placenta -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Isolation and Characterizationof MSC Derived from Placenta -- Differentiation Potential -- Applications -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: The Role of the Primate Placentain Term and Preterm Parturition -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Conclusion -- References -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: The placenta plays an essential role in childbirth. It becomes disposable after the baby is born which makes it the only organ in the human body that serves a vital function and then becomes obsolete. It is an extremely complex piece of biological equipment which allows the mothers and the baby's blood to come into very close contact, without mixing, to supply nutrients and oxygen to the baby, and move waste products like carbon dioxide back from baby to mother. Thus, the placenta acts as the lung, kidney and digestive system for the baby. The placenta also plays an important role in hormone production. Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by the placenta and can be found in the babys blood as early as 10 days into pregnancy. The placenta is also responsible for the production of other hormones including oestrogen and progesterone and protects the baby from possible infection or from damage by substances found in the environment or used by the mother, such as alcohol, drugs, pollutants and endocrine disrupters. This book presents the reader with a comprehensive, well written and informative collection of chapters written by experts from around the world. It will be a valuable asset for anyone interested in reproduction and pregnancy and wanting to access excellent reviews as well as the most current discussion of the biology and medicine of the placenta.
• Titolo autorizzato: The placenta
• ISBN: 1-62618-295-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910957581303321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Pregnancy and infants.; Human reproductive system--anatomy, roles, and disorders series.