LEADER 09393nam 2200649 a 450 001 9910957581303321 005 20251117100832.0 010 $a1-62618-295-7 035 $a(CKB)2670000000370407 035 $a(EBL)3022190 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001185430 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11678767 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001185430 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11209908 035 $a(PQKB)10439671 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3022190 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3022190 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10693655 035 $a(OCoLC)846982408 035 $a(BIP)43386526 035 $a(BIP)42967998 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000370407 100 $a20130221d2013 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 04$aThe placenta $edevelopment, function and diseases /$fRichard Nicholson, editor 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aHauppauge, N.Y. $cNova Science Publishers, Inc.$d2013 215 $a1 online resource (384 p.) 225 1 $aPregnancy and infants : medical, psychological and social issues 225 1 $aHuman reproductive system--anatomy, roles and disorders 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a1-62618-247-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- THE PLACENTA: DEVELOPMENT, FUNCTION AND DISEASES -- Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1: An Overview of Development, Function, and Diseases of the Placenta -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Placental Development -- Placental Functions -- Placental Diseases -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Emerging Tasks of PAR1 and PAR2 in the Placenta Trophoblast Anchoring to the Uterus Deciduas -- Abstract -- Introduction -- PAR1 Expression in Human Placental Villi -- PAR1 and b-Catenin Stabilization in a Physiological Invasion Process: The Placenta Trophoblasts -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Leptin Action and Leptin Receptor Signaling in Human Trophoblasts -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Leptin Receptor Signaling in Placenta -- JAK/STAT Signal Transduction Cascade -- MAPK (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase) Cascade -- The PI3K (Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase) Pathway -- Sam68 (Src-Associated in Mitosis) -- Leptin Action in Placenta -- References -- Chapter 4: Immunology of Human Pregnancy: Transfer of Antibodies and Associated Placental Function -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Human Placenta -- Exploring Methods of Human Placental Function -- Placental Transport Mechanisms -- Transport of Immunoglobulin G and Its Subclasses across the Human Placenta -- Ex Vivo Investigations -- Immunologic Diseases of Human Pregnancy and Suggested Therapies -- The Potential of Stem Cells Derived from Human Placenta for Immunotherapy -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Effects of Maternal Nutrition Imbalance during Pregnancy on Outcome in Offspring -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Maternal Nutrition Disturbance and Its Adverse Outcome on Offspring Health -- Placental Transport Activity Associates the Maternal Nutrition Status with the Offspring Outcome. 327 $aMechanisms for Maternal Nutrition to Influence Placental Programming of Disease in Offspring -- Nutritional Interventions for a Better Offspring Outcome -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Role of Placental Hypoxia, Oxidative Stress and Alcohol Exposure in Fetal Development -- Abstract -- Abbreviations -- Introduction -- Embryonic Development -- Functions of the Placenta -- Placenta and Oxidative Stress -- Peroxynitrite Mediates Lipid Oxidation and Nitration -- Apoptosis in the Placenta -- Fetal Development and Oxidative Stress -- MotherīS Alcohol Exposure and Pregnancy Hypertension -- Hypoxic Stress and Neuroactive Steroid Responses -- Rat Fetal Alcohol Syndrome and Impaired Placentation -- Effect of Alcohol on Neural Crest Cells Apoptosis -- Effect of Alcohol on Embryo Brain Development and Behaviour -- Effect of Alcohol Exposure on Embryo Cardiac Development -- Effect of Alcohol Exposure on Embryo Liver Development -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 7: The Role of Nitric Oxide in Placental Function -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Oxidative Stress and Nitric Oxide in Normal Pregnancy -- Preeclampsia: Current Theories -- Potential Role of L-Arginine - A Nitric Oxide Donor - In PE Prevention -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8: HCG and Hyperglycosylated HCG, Promoters of Villous Placenta and Hemochorial Placentation -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Methods -- Results and Discussion -- References -- Chapter 9: Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors during Pregnancyand Their Potential HealthEffects on Newborns -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Material and Methods -- Results -- Discussion -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Placental Transport of Environmental Toxicants -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Placenta -- Transport of Substances throughHuman Hemochorial Placenta -- Human Placental Transfer Models. 327 $aPlacental Transfer of Environmental Toxicants -- Methods -- BeWo B30 Clone Monolayer Cell Transfer Model -- Results -- Effect of Carrier Molecule Albuminon 14C-Bap Placental Transport -- Discussion -- Placental Transport of Halogenated Molecules -- Causes of Variation in Placental Perfusion Model -- BeWo Cell Transfer vs. Placental Transfer -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11: Placental Toxicology of Organic Pollutants -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. POPs: Characteristics, Sources of Environmental Exposure and Effects -- 3. Factors Influencing POPs Accumulation in the Placenta -- 4. Foundations of POPs Toxicity in the Placenta -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 12: The Placental ReninAngiotensin System -- Abstract -- Introduction -- The Renin-Angiotensin System -- Identification of Placental RAS Gene Expression -- Expression and Localization ofRAS Proteins in the Placenta -- Regulation of the Expressionand Activity of the Placental RAS -- Functions of the Placental RAS -- The Placental Renin-AngiotensinSystem and Its Role(S) in Preeclampsiaand Intrauterine Growth Restriction -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Relationship between Placenta-Preeclampsia and the Long Term Clinical Outcome in Adult Offspring -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Fetal Programing -- Placental Coagulable State -- Placental Vascularization -- High-Altitude Hypoxia and Preeclampsia -- Placental Transport of Amino Acids -- Maternal Fetal Nutrition and Adult Life Diseases -- Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids-Placenta and Maternal Nutrition -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 14: Mitochondrial ATP-Diphosphohydrolase and Steroidogenesis in the Human Placenta -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Architecture of Human Placental Mitochondria -- ATP-Induced Oxygen Uptake by Syncytiotrophoblast Mitochondria. 327 $aKinetic Analysis of ATP-Diphosphohydrolase Activity -- Role of ATP-Diphosphohydrolase in Progesterone Synthesis -- Syncytiotrophoblast metabolism and the Mitochondria -- Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 15: Characterization and ClinicalApplication of Mesenchymal StemCells Derived from Placenta -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Isolation and Characterizationof MSC Derived from Placenta -- Differentiation Potential -- Applications -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: The Role of the Primate Placentain Term and Preterm Parturition -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Conclusion -- References -- Index. 330 $aThe placenta plays an essential role in childbirth. It becomes disposable after the baby is born which makes it the only organ in the human body that serves a vital function and then becomes obsolete. It is an extremely complex piece of biological equipment which allows the mothers and the baby's blood to come into very close contact, without mixing, to supply nutrients and oxygen to the baby, and move waste products like carbon dioxide back from baby to mother. Thus, the placenta acts as the lung, kidney and digestive system for the baby. The placenta also plays an important role in hormone production. Human chorionic gonadotropin is produced by the placenta and can be found in the babys blood as early as 10 days into pregnancy. The placenta is also responsible for the production of other hormones including oestrogen and progesterone and protects the baby from possible infection or from damage by substances found in the environment or used by the mother, such as alcohol, drugs, pollutants and endocrine disrupters. This book presents the reader with a comprehensive, well written and informative collection of chapters written by experts from around the world. It will be a valuable asset for anyone interested in reproduction and pregnancy and wanting to access excellent reviews as well as the most current discussion of the biology and medicine of the placenta. 410 0$aPregnancy and infants. 410 0$aHuman reproductive system--anatomy, roles, and disorders series. 606 $aPlacenta 606 $aReproduction 615 0$aPlacenta. 615 0$aReproduction. 676 $a618.3/4 701 $aNicholson$b Richard$01861561 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910957581303321 996 $aThe placenta$94467697 997 $aUNINA