Synovial fluid analysis and the evaluation of patients with arthritis / / edited by Brian F. Mandell

• Pubblicazione: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (165 pages)
• Disciplina: 616.722
• Soggetto topico: Rheumatology; Synovial fluid - Examination
• Persona (resp. second.): MandellBrian F. <1951->
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: The Impact of Synovial Fluid Analysis on Clinical Practice - Introduction -- References -- Chapter 2: Synovial Structure and Physiology in Health and Disease -- Introduction -- Synovial Intima -- Type B Synoviocytes -- Type A Synoviocytes -- Synovial Subintima -- Lining vs. Sublining Macrophages -- Subintimal Stromal Cells -- Subintimal Vasculature -- Synovial Inflammation in Disease -- Synovial Tissue Pathology -- Mechanisms of Cell Homing in Synovitis -- Pathologic Changes to Synovial Vasculature and Lymphatics -- Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Arthrocentesis -- Indications and Contraindications -- Informed Consent -- Mandatory Requirements: Skin Antiseptic, Sterile Equipment, Aseptic Practice -- Everything Else Is Optional: Anesthesia, Injectate, Technique -- Injectate -- Post-procedure Recommendations -- Failed Arthrocentesis and the Use of Image-Guided Procedures -- References -- Chapter 4: Biochemical Composition of Synovial Fluid in Health and Disease -- Lubricant Molecules -- Proteins -- Small Molecules -- References -- Chapter 5: Cellular Components of Synovial Fluid in Health and Disease -- Origin and Nature of Normal Synovial Fluid -- Synovial Fluid Cell Types -- Mechanisms of Synovial Cell Counting -- Synovial Fluid Lymphocytes and Arthritis -- Synovial Fluid Monocytes/Macrophages and Arthritis -- Synovial Fluid Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and Arthritis -- Synovial Fluid Eosinophils and Arthritis -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 6: Microbiology and Culture Identification of Infections -- The Pathogens -- Specimen Collection -- Specimen Handling and Transport -- Stains -- Culture Media and Incubation -- Special Considerations for Diagnosis of Prosthetic Joint Infections -- References -- Chapter 7: Molecular Microbiology for Diagnosing Infectious Arthritis. ; Introduction to Molecular Microbiology Testing of Synovial Fluid and Joint Specimens -- Benefits and Limitations of Available Techniques -- Broad-Range Assays and Next-Generation Sequencing -- Pathogen-Specific Assays -- Acceptable Specimen Types and Specimen Handling -- Specimen Types -- Specimen Handling -- Specimen Storage -- Specimen Selection to Maximize Clinical Yield -- Emerging Technology -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Basics of Light Microscopic Analysis of Synovial Fluid -- Practical Aspects of Light Microscopy -- Sample Handling -- Gram Stain of Initial Synovial Fluid Sample -- Unusual Cells -- References -- Chapter 9: Basics of Polarized Light Microscopy -- Introduction -- Basic Principles -- The Polarized Light Microscope -- Practice -- Monosodium Urate Crystals -- Calcium Pyrophosphate Crystals -- Birefringent Artifacts -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Crystal-Associated Arthritis: Gout -- Characteristic of SF Samples in Gout -- Microscopy Characteristics of MSU Crystals -- Ordinary Light Microscopy (OLM) -- Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) -- Avoiding False-Negative Results -- Avoiding False-Positive Results -- MSU Crystals in SF Samples From Asymptomatic Joints -- "Never Symptomatic" Joints in Patients with Hyperuricemia -- Asymptomatic Joints Previously Affected by Gout Flares -- Coexistence of MSU Crystals in Patients with Other Causes of Arthritis -- Coexistent Gout and Infection -- Coexistent CPP and MSU Crystals -- Diagnosis of Gout in Tissue Sample -- Histopathology of Synovial Membrane -- Histopathology of Subcutaneous Tophi -- References -- Chapter 11: Crystal-Associated Arthritis: Calcium Pyrophosphate Arthritis -- CPP Crystal Detection and Identification -- Mimics of CPP Crystals -- Effects of Delays Prior to Observation, Transportation, and Processing Issues. ; Quality Control Between Different Observers for CPP Identification -- CPP Crystals in Synovial Tissue and in Cartilage at Time of Joint Replacement -- References -- Chapter 12: Lipid Crystals -- Cholesterol Crystals -- Clinical Settings -- Punctates -- Microscopy -- Clinical Significance -- Liquid Lipid Crystals, i.e., Maltese Crosses -- Clinical Settings -- Punctates -- Microscopy -- Clinical Significance -- Other Crystalline Lipids and Lookalikes -- Discussion -- References -- Chapter 13: Analytic Methods to Detect Articular Basic Calcium Phosphate Crystals -- Introduction -- Challenges of BCP Crystal Identification -- Alizarin Red S Staining -- Other Chemical Methods for Identifying BCP Crystals in Synovial Fluid -- Imaging Methods -- Chemical Identification Methods -- Clinical Imaging Modalities -- Conclusions and Future Directions -- References -- Chapter 14: Novel Techniques for Synovial Fluid Crystal Analysis -- Introduction -- Enhanced Microscopic Imaging -- Single-Shot Computational Polarized Light Microscopy -- Optical Diffraction Tomography -- Lens-Free Polarized Microscope Wide-Field Imaging -- Other Enhanced Synovial Fluid Analysis -- Raman Spectroscopy -- Other Imaging Techniques -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 15: Atlas of Images - Normal and Abnormal Synovial Fluid -- Index.
• Titolo autorizzato: Synovial Fluid Analysis and the Evaluation of Patients with Arthritis
• ISBN: 9783030996123; 9783030996116
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910574055003321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II