A practical guide to cluster randomised trials in health services research [[electronic resource] /] / Sandra Eldridge, Sally Kerry

• Autore: Eldridge Sandra
• Pubblicazione: Chichester, West Sussex, : John Wiley & Sons, 2012
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (300 p.)
• Disciplina: 362.10972
• Soggetto topico: Medical care - Research; Evidence-based medicine
• Altri autori: KerrySally M
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: A Practical Guide to Cluster Randomised Trials in Health Services Research; CONTENTS; Preface; Notation; Table of cases: Trials used as examples in more than one chapter in the book; 1: Introduction; 1.1 Introduction to randomised trials; 1.2 Explanatory or pragmatic trials; 1.3 How does a cluster randomised trial differ from other trials?; 1.3.1 Recruitment, randomisation and consent; 1.3.2 Definition of cluster size; 1.3.3 Analysis and sample size; 1.3.4 Interventions used in cluster randomised trials; 1.4 Between-cluster variability ; 1.4.1 Factors that contribute to between-cluster variability1.4.1.1 Geographical reasons; 1.4.1.2 Individuals choose the cluster to belong to; 1.4.1.3 Healthcare provided to the cluster; 1.4.2 Measuring between-cluster variability; 1.5 Why carry out cluster randomised trials?; 1.5.1 The intervention necessarily acts at the cluster level; 1.5.2 Practical and/or ethical difficulties in randomising at individual level; 1.5.3 Contamination at health professional level; 1.5.4 Contamination between members of a cluster; 1.5.5 Cost or administrative convenience ; 1.5.6 Ensuring intervention is fully implemented1.5.7 Access to routine data; 1.6 Quality of evidence from cluster randomised trials; 1.6.1 External validity; 1.6.2 Internal validity; 1.6.3 Balancing internal validity, external validity and ethical issues; 1.7 Historical perspectives; 1.7.1 Early cluster randomised trials; 1.7.2 Early cluster randomised trials in health up to 2000; 1.7.3 Recent methodological developments; 1.7.3.1 Methods of analysis; 1.7.3.2 Sample size; 1.7.3.3 Estimating the intra-cluster correlation coefficient; 1.7.3.4 Reporting guidelines ; 1.7.3.5 Recruitment and consent1.7.3.6 Complex interventions; 1.7.3.7 Other topics; 1.8 Summary; References; 2: Recruitment and ethics; 2.1 Selecting clusters and participants to enhance external validity; 2.1.1 Clusters; 2.1.2 Participants; 2.2 Ethics of cluster randomised trials; 2.2.1 Components of consent; 2.2.2 Classification of interventions and implications for individual participant consent; 2.2.2.1 Individual-cluster interventions; 2.2.2.2 Professional-cluster interventions; 2.2.2.3 External-cluster interventions; 2.2.2.4 Cluster-cluster interventions ; 2.2.2.5 Multifaceted interventions2.2.3 Cluster guardians; 2.2.4 Timing of cluster consent; 2.2.5 Fully informed consent for educational and awareness campaigns; 2.2.6 Protecting the privacy of individuals; 2.2.7 Duty of care to control participants; 2.2.8 Summary of consent issues; 2.3 Selection and recruitment of participants to enhance internal validity; 2.3.1 Trials which identify and recruit individual participants before randomisation (scenario 1); 2.3.2 Trials where individual participants are not recruited (scenario 2) ; 2.3.3 Trials where participants are recruited after randomisation but blind to allocation status (scenario 3)
• Sommario/riassunto: Cluster randomisedtrials are trials in which groups (or clusters) of individuals are randomly allocated to different forms of treatment. In health care, these trials often compare different ways of managing a disease or promoting healthy living, in contrast to conventional randomised trials which randomise individuals to different treatments, classically comparing new drugs with a placebo. They are increasingly common in health services research. This book addresses the statistical, practical, and ethical issues arising from allocating groups of individuals, or clusters, to different intervent
• Titolo autorizzato: A practical guide to cluster randomised trials in health services research
• ISBN: 1-119-96672-8; 1-283-42538-6; 9786613425386; 1-119-96624-8; 1-119-96625-6
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910139294303321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Statistics in practice.