LEADER 05633nam 2200745Ia 450 001 9910139294303321 005 20230802012544.0 010 $a1-119-96672-8 010 $a1-283-42538-6 010 $a9786613425386 010 $a1-119-96624-8 010 $a1-119-96625-6 035 $a(CKB)2560000000079314 035 $a(EBL)834627 035 $a(OCoLC)772844990 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000639967 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11401951 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000639967 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10605259 035 $a(PQKB)10496614 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC834627 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4043389 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL834627 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10524069 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4043389 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11115462 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL342538 035 $a(OCoLC)778434159 035 $a(EXLCZ)992560000000079314 100 $a20110907d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 12$aA practical guide to cluster randomised trials in health services research$b[electronic resource] /$fSandra Eldridge, Sally Kerry 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aChichester, West Sussex $cJohn Wiley & Sons$d2012 215 $a1 online resource (300 p.) 225 1 $aStatistics in practice 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-470-51047-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aA Practical Guide to Cluster Randomised Trials in Health Services Research; CONTENTS; Preface; Notation; Table of cases: Trials used as examples in more than one chapter in the book; 1: Introduction; 1.1 Introduction to randomised trials; 1.2 Explanatory or pragmatic trials; 1.3 How does a cluster randomised trial differ from other trials?; 1.3.1 Recruitment, randomisation and consent; 1.3.2 Definition of cluster size; 1.3.3 Analysis and sample size; 1.3.4 Interventions used in cluster randomised trials; 1.4 Between-cluster variability 327 $a1.4.1 Factors that contribute to between-cluster variability1.4.1.1 Geographical reasons; 1.4.1.2 Individuals choose the cluster to belong to; 1.4.1.3 Healthcare provided to the cluster; 1.4.2 Measuring between-cluster variability; 1.5 Why carry out cluster randomised trials?; 1.5.1 The intervention necessarily acts at the cluster level; 1.5.2 Practical and/or ethical difficulties in randomising at individual level; 1.5.3 Contamination at health professional level; 1.5.4 Contamination between members of a cluster; 1.5.5 Cost or administrative convenience 327 $a1.5.6 Ensuring intervention is fully implemented1.5.7 Access to routine data; 1.6 Quality of evidence from cluster randomised trials; 1.6.1 External validity; 1.6.2 Internal validity; 1.6.3 Balancing internal validity, external validity and ethical issues; 1.7 Historical perspectives; 1.7.1 Early cluster randomised trials; 1.7.2 Early cluster randomised trials in health up to 2000; 1.7.3 Recent methodological developments; 1.7.3.1 Methods of analysis; 1.7.3.2 Sample size; 1.7.3.3 Estimating the intra-cluster correlation coefficient; 1.7.3.4 Reporting guidelines 327 $a1.7.3.5 Recruitment and consent1.7.3.6 Complex interventions; 1.7.3.7 Other topics; 1.8 Summary; References; 2: Recruitment and ethics; 2.1 Selecting clusters and participants to enhance external validity; 2.1.1 Clusters; 2.1.2 Participants; 2.2 Ethics of cluster randomised trials; 2.2.1 Components of consent; 2.2.2 Classification of interventions and implications for individual participant consent; 2.2.2.1 Individual-cluster interventions; 2.2.2.2 Professional-cluster interventions; 2.2.2.3 External-cluster interventions; 2.2.2.4 Cluster-cluster interventions 327 $a2.2.2.5 Multifaceted interventions2.2.3 Cluster guardians; 2.2.4 Timing of cluster consent; 2.2.5 Fully informed consent for educational and awareness campaigns; 2.2.6 Protecting the privacy of individuals; 2.2.7 Duty of care to control participants; 2.2.8 Summary of consent issues; 2.3 Selection and recruitment of participants to enhance internal validity; 2.3.1 Trials which identify and recruit individual participants before randomisation (scenario 1); 2.3.2 Trials where individual participants are not recruited (scenario 2) 327 $a2.3.3 Trials where participants are recruited after randomisation but blind to allocation status (scenario 3) 330 $aCluster randomisedtrials are trials in which groups (or clusters) of individuals are randomly allocated to different forms of treatment. In health care, these trials often compare different ways of managing a disease or promoting healthy living, in contrast to conventional randomised trials which randomise individuals to different treatments, classically comparing new drugs with a placebo. They are increasingly common in health services research. This book addresses the statistical, practical, and ethical issues arising from allocating groups of individuals, or clusters, to different intervent 410 0$aStatistics in practice. 606 $aMedical care$xResearch 606 $aEvidence-based medicine 615 0$aMedical care$xResearch. 615 0$aEvidence-based medicine. 676 $a362.10972 700 $aEldridge$b Sandra$0932569 701 $aKerry$b Sally M$0932570 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910139294303321 996 $aA practical guide to cluster randomised trials in health services research$92098631 997 $aUNINA