Perspectives on urban infrastructure / / Royce Hanson, editor

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1984
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (vi, 216 pages) : illustrations, charts
• Disciplina: 363/.0973
• Soggetto topico: Infrastructure (Economics) - United States; Urban policy - United States
• Altri autori: HansonRoyce
• Note generali: Papers and discussions from a Symposium on the Adequacy and Maintenance of Urban Public Facilities, held by the National Research Council, at Airlie House, Warrenton, Va., Feb. 25-26, 1983.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographies.
• Nota di contenuto: Perspectives on Urban Infrastructure -- Copyright -- Contents -- Introduction -- 1 The Evolution of the Urban Infrastructure in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries -- INTRODUCTION -- URBAN NETWORKS AND WALKING CITIES: A PERIOD OF FOUNDATIONS, 1790-1855 -- The Development of Urban Infrastructure -- Financing Infrastructure in the Walking City -- Engineers and Urban Technology -- Conclusion -- CONSTRUCTING THE CORE INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE CENTRAL CITIES, 1855-1910 -- Introduction -- Municipal Provision of Infrastructure -- Institutional and Political Changes in Infrastructure Supply and Distribution -- Financing Infrastructure -- Engineering and Science Development -- THE DOMINATION OF THE AUTOMOBILE AND THE ENLARGEMENT OF THE FEDERAL ROLE, 1910-1956 -- The Automobile Revolution, 1910-1930 -- The New Deal -- Professional Developments -- The Postwar Period -- THE RISE OF THE OUTER CITY AND RECENT TRENDS INFLUENCING URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE, 1956-1982 -- Changing Fiscal Trends -- The Environmental Movement -- Mass Transit -- Alternative Systems -- CONCLUSION -- AFTERWORD -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Bibliography -- DISCUSSION -- Randy Hamilton -- Wilfred Owen -- Abel Wolman -- SUMMARY -- 2 Assessing Infrastructure Needs: The State of the Art -- INTRODUCTION -- The Infrastructure Problem -- National Needs -- The Challenge Ahead -- DEFINING NEEDS -- Needs Versus Desirable Improvements -- The Needs Assessment Process -- The Role of Standards -- Summary -- THE CONDITION ASSESSMENT PROCESS -- Defining Conditions -- Condition Assessment Measures -- The National Bridge Inspection Program -- The New York City Water Distribution System -- THE INVESTMENT DECISION-MAKING PROCESS -- Estimating Investment Requirements -- A Framework for Investment Decisions -- The EPA Needs Survey -- The Wisconsin Department of Transportation's Approach to Investment Programming. ; SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- Needs Assessment Issues -- The Limited Use of Traditional Needs Surveys -- The Importance of Technically Sound Condition Information to Effective Infrastructure Management -- The Importance of the Investment Decision-Making Process -- Research Agenda -- Bibliography -- DISCUSSION -- Harry Hatry -- Kurt W. Bauer -- SUMMARY -- Preparation of Inventories and Needs Analyses -- National Versus Local-Level Data -- Interim Assessments -- Data Available for Needs Assessments -- The Quality of Engineering Knowledge -- 3 Financing the Nation's Infrastructure Requirements -- INTRODUCTION -- THE CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE FINANCING SYSTEM: HAS IT FAILED? -- CAPITAL FINANCING INSTITUTIONS: ARE THEY AT FAULT? -- Federal Aid -- Long-Term Borrowing -- Insulating Infrastructure From General Budget Competition -- FINANCING PRINCIPLES: THE USER-COST PRINCIPLE -- FINANCING PRINCIPLES: AN INFRASTRUCTURE BANK -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- Franklin D. Raines -- Forest Witsman -- SUMMARY -- Distinctions Between New Capital Programs and Maintenance -- The Advantages of an Infrastructure Bank -- The Opportunities for and Limitations of User Fees -- The Role of Interest Rates in the Financing of Facilities -- The Opportunity for Use of a Form of Commodity Bond -- 4 Politics and Urban Public Facilities -- FACILITIES AND POLITICAL POWER: A GLANCE AT MUNICIPAL HISTORY -- Boss Tweed's Pavement Politics -- Cleveland: A Bridge to Electoral Victory -- Public Works as Political Strategy -- TODAY'S INFRASTRUCTURE CRISIS AND THE POLITICS OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT -- The Deferral of Capital Improvements -- Financing Public Works: The Political Environment Since 1960 -- Public Facilities and the Politics of Urban Growth -- STANDARDS, NEEDS, AND PUBLIC ACTION -- Engineering Standards -- Political Standards -- Needs -- Filling Potholes and Budget Gaps. ; GOODIES -- CONCLUSION: DOES MANAGEMENT FAIL INFRASTRUCTURE? OR THE VALUE OF PORK -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- Philip Dearborne -- Scott Johnson -- Henry Gardiner -- SUMMARY -- Does the Political System Doom Us to a Substandard Level of Service? -- The Role of the Public Works Professional and Manager -- The Need to Understand the Trade-Offs -- The Engineering Brain Drain and Local Public Works Decisions -- 5 The Future of Urban Public Works: New Ways of Doing Business -- INTRODUCTION -- INFRASTRUCTURE AS AN IMPORTANT NATIONAL ISSUE -- Visible Signs of Decay -- Deteriorating State and Local Finances -- A National or Local Issue -- SOME FUTURE TRENDS IN URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND TECHNOLOGY -- Future Development and Public Works -- New Technology of Infrastructure -- An Infrastructure for Infrastructure Innovation -- THE SEARCH FOR CREATIVE ALTERNATIVES -- Benefit-Based Approaches Versus Ability to Pay -- The Impact of Fiscal Constraints: A New Role for Local Government -- Alternatives in the Bay Area -- Innovation in Urban Transportation -- Sale-Leaseback -- State and National Alternatives -- State Bond Banks -- Federal Public Works Bank -- THE POLITICS OF URBAN PUBLIC WORKS: A NEW ECOLOGY OF GAMES -- Public Works as a Job Strategy -- The Business Role in Emerging Political Coalitions -- Structural Changes in Planning and Financing -- Joint Public-Private Investment -- CONCLUSIONS -- Research Implications -- Technology -- Economics -- Politics -- Long-Range Assessment -- REFERENCES -- DISCUSSION -- John M. Armstrong -- Larry J. Feeser -- SUMMARY -- The Need for Research and Development -- The Importance of Innovation Transfer -- The ''Brain Drain'' of Engineers Away from Public Works -- The Impact of the Computer on Cities and Their Needs for Infrastructure -- Appendix A Program -- Appendix B Participants.
• Sommario/riassunto: In this provocative volume, distinguished authorities on urban policy expose the myths surrounding today's "infrastructure crisis" in urban public works. Five in-depth papers examine the evolution of the public works system, the limitations of urban needs studies, the financing of public works projects, the impact of politics, and how technology is affecting the types of infrastructures needed for tomorrow's cities.
• Titolo autorizzato: Perspectives on urban infrastructure
• ISBN: 1-280-24586-7; 9786610245864; 0-309-54132-8; 0-585-14429-X
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910819173003321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II