Crime scene management within forensic science : forensic techniques for criminal investigations / / Jaskaran Singh and Neeta Raj Sharma

• Autore: Singh Jaskaran
• Pubblicazione: Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (417 pages)
• Disciplina: 363.25
• Soggetto topico: Criminal investigation - Methodology; Forensic sciences - Technological innovations
• Persona (resp. second.): SharmaNeeta Raj
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Contents -- About the Editors -- 1: Forensic DNA Analysis: A Powerful Investigative Tool -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Developments in Forensic DNA Analysis -- 1.3 Steps in Forensic DNA Analysis -- 1.4 Various Techniques of DNA Profiling -- 1.4.1 Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) -- 1.4.1.1 Advantages of RFLP -- 1.4.1.2 Despite of the Advantages of this Technique, Some of the Demerits Are -- 1.4.2 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) -- 1.4.2.1 Polymerase Chain Reaction Method Is Carried Out as Follows -- 1.4.3 Short Tandem Repeats (STR) -- 1.4.4 Low Copy Number (LCN) Analysis -- 1.4.5 Variable Number Tandem Repeat -- 1.4.6 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Analysis -- 1.4.7 Single-Cell DNA Finger Printing -- 1.4.8 Y-Chromosome Analysis -- 1.4.9 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism -- 1.5 Challenges in Forensic Science for DNA Profiling -- 1.6 Cases Resolved Using Various Techniques of DNA Analysis in Forensic Science -- 1.6.1 Case 1 -- 1.6.2 Case 2 -- 1.6.3 Case 3 -- 1.6.4 Case 4 -- 1.6.5 Case 5 -- 1.6.6 Case 6 -- 1.6.7 Case 7 -- 1.6.8 Case 8 -- 1.6.9 Case 9 -- 1.7 Applications of DNA Analysis in Forensic Science -- 1.8 Nanotechnology in DNA Analysis -- 1.9 Future Advancements of Nanotechnology in the Field of Forensic Science -- 1.10 Collection of DNA Samples and Issues Related to Sampling -- 1.11 Methods of Sample Collection -- 1.12 Issues Related to Sampling -- 1.13 Forensic Examination Levels -- 1.14 Analysis of Non-human Species Via DNA Profiling -- 1.15 Future of Forensic DNA Analysis -- 1.16 Summary -- References -- 2: Death Acre: Tales of Dead Body Land -- 2.1 Purpose of the Work on the Crime Scene [1, 2] -- 2.2 The Processing Methodology at the Crime Scene -- 2.2.1 Stages of Work at the Crime Scene -- 2.2.1.1 Evaluation -- 2.2.1.2 Observation -- 2.2.1.3 Documentation. ; 2.2.1.4 Search: Identification of Traces, Footprints and Other Evidences -- 2.2.1.5 Sampling and Lifting of Traces, Footprints, and Other Evidences -- 2.2.1.6 Processing/Analysis and Reporting -- 2.3 Searching Evidences: Forensic Lights [9] -- 2.4 Removal and Lifting of Marks, Traces and Vestiges (Sampling of Material Evidence) [12-15] -- 2.4.1 Why Is the Evidence Identification and Collection Process Are Important? -- 2.4.2 Quality Control in Evidence Collection at the Crime Scene -- 2.5 Examination of the Corpse or Remains -- 2.5.1 Objectives of the Examination of the Corpse at the Crime Scene -- 2.5.1.1 Processing/Analysis of the Scene (Body) -- 2.5.1.2 Identification -- 2.5.1.3 Postmortem Interval [19-24] -- The Place Where the Corpse Is Found [13, 26] -- Forensic Entomology as a Method to Establish the Postmortem Interval [22] -- Cadaveric Phenomena or Corpse-Destroying Phenomena [13] -- Autolysis -- Cooling or Algor Mortis -- Dehydration -- Cadaverous Lividities, or Livor Mortis -- Cadaverous Stiffness, or Rigor Mortis -- Late Cadaveric Phenomena -- Detachment of the Epidermis -- Factors that Retard Decomposition, or Conservative Phenomena of the Corpse -- Physical Barriers -- Chemical Barriers -- Climatic Factors -- Mummification -- Saponification (Adipocere) [13] -- 2.5.1.4 Cause of Death -- External Examination of Bodies in Different Causes of Death -- Disease [6, 31-33] -- Sudden Infant Death [34] -- Asphyxia -- Trauma [35] -- Poisoning or Intoxication -- 2.5.1.5 Manner of Death -- Forensic Photograph of the Corpse [42] -- Examination of Deceased in Hospitals -- 2.6 Clothing Examination [34] -- 2.6.1 The Clothing: Terminology -- 2.6.2 The Examination of Clothes in Special Cases -- 2.6.2.1 Identity Verification -- 2.6.2.2 Aggressions, Traffic Accidents, and Sexual Assault -- 2.6.2.3 Abductions -- 2.6.2.4 Clothes and Cause of Death. ; 2.6.2.5 Collecting and Conservation of Clothing -- 2.7 Body Management -- 2.8 Technological Means in Its Right Measure [51] -- 2.9 Human Error in Criminal Investigation: How to Avoid It [52-54] -- 2.9.1 Cognitive Biases [8] -- 2.9.1.1 Limitations of Perception and Memory -- 2.9.1.2 Intuition -- 2.9.1.3 Heuristics and Biases -- 2.9.1.4 Anchorage -- 2.9.1.5 Tunnel Vision (Satisficing) -- 2.9.1.6 Availability -- 2.9.1.7 Framing -- 2.9.1.8 Representativeness -- 2.9.1.9 Cause-Effect Biases -- 2.9.1.10 Biases in the Evaluation of Evidence -- 2.9.1.11 Confirmation or Verification Bias -- 2.9.1.12 The Occam´s Razor -- 2.10 Crime Scene Report [1, 55-57] -- References -- 3: Small Size, Big Impact: Insects for Cadaver Examination -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 History of Forensic Entomology -- 3.3 Flies in Direct Relevance with the Corpse -- 3.4 Importance of Insects in Criminal Investigation -- 3.4.1 Estimation of Post-mortem Interval (PMI) -- 3.4.2 Drug Detection from Insects -- 3.5 Factors Affecting the Growth of Decomposers -- 3.6 Conclusion -- References -- 4: Dermatoglyphics and Other Impressions: Deciphering the Potential of a Unique Hominid Niche -- 4.1 An Overview -- 4.2 Fingerprint Patterns -- 4.3 Use of Dermatoglyphics to Identify Left Hand -- 4.4 Latent Prints/Invisible Fingerprints -- 4.5 Patent Prints/Visible Fingerprint -- 4.6 Plastic Prints/3-D fingerprints -- 4.7 Detection and Examination of Footprints -- 4.8 History -- 4.9 Evolution of Fingerprint Science -- 4.10 Fingerprint Development Techniques -- 4.10.1 Surface Characteristics -- 4.10.2 Optical Detection Techniques -- 4.10.3 Detection Techniques for Porous Surfaces -- 4.10.4 Detection Techniques for Nonporous Surfaces -- 4.10.5 Detection Techniques for Semi-porous Surfaces -- 4.10.6 Use of Dermatoglyphics in Diagnosis of Various Pathologies -- References. ; 5: Postmortem Toxicology: A Facet of Drugs to Expedite Crimes -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Branches of Toxicology -- 5.3 Types of Cases Encountered in Forensic Toxicology -- 5.4 Poison -- 5.4.1 Classification -- 5.5 Psychoactive and Narcotic Drugs -- 5.5.1 Classification of Drugs -- 5.6 Postmortem Toxicology: Autopsies in Drug-Facilitated Crimes -- 5.7 Death: Toxicological Investigation -- 5.7.1 Physical Examination -- 5.7.2 Pigmentation/Dermal Clues -- 5.7.3 Olfactory Clues -- 5.8 Toxicological Examination -- 5.8.1 General Steps in Toxicological Analysis -- 5.9 Case Study: Drug-Facilitated Crimes (DFC) -- References -- 6: Forensic Biology: A Passport for Biological Evidence -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 History of Forensic Biology -- 6.3 Sources and Types of Biological Evidence -- 6.4 Biological Evidence as Evidence for Other Forensic Fields -- 6.5 Testing and Assessment of Biological Evidence -- 6.5.1 Analysis of Major Body Fluids Analysis of Blood -- 6.6 Semen Analysis -- 6.7 Saliva Analysis -- 6.8 Urine Analysis -- 6.8.1 Bloodstain Pattern Analysis (BPA) -- 6.8.2 DNA Fingerprinting -- 6.9 Y-Chromosome Testing -- 6.10 Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) Testing -- 6.10.1 Non-Human DNA Testing -- 6.10.2 Microbial Forensics and Bioterrorism -- 6.11 Issues with Forensic DNA Evidence -- 6.12 Degraded DNA -- 6.13 PCR Inhibition -- 6.14 Issues Related to Contamination -- 6.15 Mixed Samples and Their Analyses -- 6.16 Conclusion -- References -- 7: Sexual Offences: Recent Methods of Investigation -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Sexual Offences -- 7.1.2 Natural Offences -- 7.1.2.1 Rape -- 7.1.2.2 Incest -- 7.1.2.3 Adultery -- 7.1.3 Sexual Paraphilias -- 7.1.3.1 Sadism -- 7.1.3.2 Masochism -- 7.1.3.3 Necrophilia -- 7.1.3.4 Fetishism -- 7.1.3.5 Exhibitionism -- 7.1.3.6 Masturbation -- 7.1.3.7 Frotteurism -- 7.1.3.8 Undinism -- 7.1.4 Unnatural Offenses -- 7.1.4.1 Sodomy. ; 7.1.4.2 Tribadism -- 7.1.5 Sex-Linked Offences -- 7.1.5.1 Stalking -- 7.1.5.2 Voyeurism -- 7.1.5.3 Sexual Harassment -- 7.1.5.4 Sex Trafficking -- 7.1.5.5 Indecent Assault -- 7.2 Investigation in Sexual Offenses -- 7.3 Investigative Procedures -- 7.4 Response by Communications Personnel -- 7.5 Investigating Officer Response -- 7.6 Drug Facilitated Sexual Assault -- 7.7 Delayed Report -- 7.8 Role of Supervisor -- 7.9 Victims Advocate -- 7.10 Collection of Evidence -- 7.11 Victims Interview -- 7.12 Approaching Suspect and Interviewing -- 7.13 Protection of Victim -- 7.14 Medical and Forensic Examinations in Sexual Assault -- 7.14.1 Time Guidelines -- 7.14.2 Collection of Samples -- 7.14.3 Recent Investigation Techniques in Sexual Offences DEPArray System for Sexual Offense Evidence Processing -- 7.15 Procedure -- 7.15.1 DEPArray Sample Processing -- 7.15.2 Differential Extractions -- 7.15.3 Amplification and Analyses -- 7.15.4 Bite Mark Utility in Sexual Offences -- 7.15.5 Bite Mark Documentation and Analysis: The Forensic 3D/CAD-Supported Photogrammetry Approach -- 7.16 Spermatozoa Detection Using Ultrasound Technique -- 7.17 Conclusion -- References -- 8: Investigation of Disaster Victim Identification -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 International Police Organization (Interpol) -- 8.3 Working Conditions -- 8.4 Key Tasks for Victim Identification [5] -- 8.4.1 Evidence Collection -- 8.4.2 Examination and Recording -- 8.4.3 Interpretation -- 8.4.4 Reporting -- 8.4.5 Presentation -- 8.4.6 Protocols -- 8.5 Forensic Odontology -- 8.5.1 Scene -- 8.5.2 Postmortem/Mortuary Team -- 8.5.3 Antemortem Team -- 8.5.4 Reconciliation -- 8.5.5 Debrief -- 8.6 New Methodologies in Forensic Odontology -- 8.6.1 Photography -- 8.6.2 CAT Scanning -- 8.6.3 Barcoding -- 8.6.4 RFID Tags -- 8.6.5 3-D Scanning -- 8.6.6 3-D Printing -- 8.7 Case Studies -- 8.8 Forensic Anthropology. ; 8.8.1 Scene.
• Titolo autorizzato: Crime scene management within forensic science
• ISBN: 981-16-6682-2; 981-16-6683-0
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910743340503321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II