A Glass Half Full : : The Promise of Regional Trade in South Asia

• Autore: Kathuria Sanjay
• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2018
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (250 pages)
• Disciplina: 382.0954
• Soggetto topico: Border Haats; Connectivitiy; Non-Tariff Barriers; Paratariffs; Proximity; Regional Cooperation; Regional Trade; SAFTA; Sensitive List; Tariffs; Trade Liberalization; Trust Deficit
• Soggetto geografico: South Asia Commerce
• Persona (resp. second.): KathuriaSanjay
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- About the Editor and Authors -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary -- Why Is There Such a Large Gap between the Reality and the Potential? -- Can We Begin to Imagine the Possibilities? Have There Been Any Actual Breakthroughs? -- How Can South Asia Turn Its Proximity from a Burden to an Advantage? -- What Are the Considerations in the Careful Management of Trade Integration? -- Overview -- The Issue -- The Symptoms -- The Barriers -- Toward Realizing South Asia's Trade Potential -- A Synopsis -- Note -- 1 South Asia: A Work in Progress -- Introduction -- Establishing the Context for Intraregional Trade in South Asia -- The Untapped Trade Potential -- Barriers to Intraregional Trade and Investment -- The Benefits of Current Trade Patterns -- Conclusions -- Annex 1A: Tables -- Notes -- References -- 2 Border Tax Distortions in South Asia: The Impact on Regional Integration -- Introduction -- Trade Protection in South Asia -- Tariff-Related Constraints on SAFTA's Effectiveness -- Conclusions and Directions for Reform -- Notes -- References -- 3 A Granular Approach to Addressing Nontariff Barriers: India's Trade with Bangladesh and Nepal -- Introduction -- Approach of the Chapter -- Institutional Framework and Regulations Governing NTMs -- NTM Restrictiveness, Regulations, and Procedural Obstacles -- Conclusion and Policy Recommendations -- Annex 3A: Classification of Nontariff Measures by Chapter -- Annex 3B: Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade -- Annex 3C: Classification of Procedural Obstacles -- Annex 3D: Harmonized System Codes, Selected Items -- Annex 3E: Questionnaire for the NTM Survey: India and Nepal -- Annex 3F: Plant Material in Nepal Requiring Pest Risk Analysis -- Annex 3G: Summary of NTM Findings -- Notes. ; References -- 4 Reducing Connectivity Costs: Air Travel Liberalization between India and Sri Lanka -- Introduction -- Air Services Agreements -- Evolution of the Regional Market for Air Services -- Impact of Air Services Liberalization on Traffic between India and Sri Lanka -- Changes in Competition and Market Composition -- Conclusion -- Notes -- References -- 5 Bangladesh-India Border Markets: Borders as Meeting Points -- Introduction -- Border Markets Elsewhere Range in Size and Degree of Formality -- The Scope for Scaling-Up -- Main Findings -- Conclusions and Policy Recommendations -- Annex 5A: Market Details -- Annex 5B: Haat Regulations and Procedures -- Annex 5C: Study Structure -- Annex 5D: Number and Type of Respondents -- Annex 5E: Detailed Suggestions to Improve the Border Haat Initiative -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- 1.1 The Gravity Model Approach: Evidence of Untapped Trade Potential in South Asia -- 1.2 South Asia: Overall Trade Restrictiveness Indexes Are Higher in Regional Trade -- 1.3 Nontariff Barrier Resolution Mechanism: A Possibility in South Asia? -- 1.4 A Tale of Two Free Trade Agreements -- 1.5 Trade and Lagging Regions: The Case of Northeast India -- 3.1 Xanthan Gum Case Study -- 3.2 Packaging Information Case Study -- 3.3 Labeling and Packaging Case Study: Ready-Made Garments -- 3.4 Case Study: Import Requirements for Pharmaceuticals -- 4.1 Freedoms of the Air -- 4.2 Impact of Air Service Liberalization on Tourism, India and Sri Lanka -- 5.1 The Success of Haats -- 5.2 Regulatory and Other Obstacles to Haat Sales -- 5.3 Border Haats Provide Avenues for Woman-Led Households -- 5.4 Constraints on Entrepreneurship Among Women -- 5.5 Bringing People Together -- 5.6 The Views of Border Security Forces -- Figures -- O.1 Intraregional Trade as a Share of Regional GDP -- O.2 Intraregional Trade Potential in South Asia. ; O.3 Average Intraregional and Interregional Trade Costs, 2010-15 -- O.4 Growth in Airline Seats Available between India and Selected Countries, 2004-17 -- O.5 Ratings of Income Increases from Haat Trade -- O.6 The Views of Neighbors -- 1.1 Intraregional Trade as a Share of Regional GDP -- 1.2 South Asia Continues to be the Most Rapidly Growing Region in the World -- B1.1.1 Intraregional Trade in South Asia -- 1.3 Average Intraregional and Interregional Trade Costs, 2010-15 -- 2.1 Simple Average Tariffs, South Asia, 1987-2016 -- 2.2 Prevalence and Average Additional Protection Granted by the Cess, Sri Lanka, 2016 -- 2.3 Prevalence and Average Protection Granted by the Regulatory Duty, Pakistan, Fiscal Year 2016/17 -- 2.4 The Impact of Paratariffs on Product Categories -- 4.1 Air Connectivity between Selected Country Pairs in ASEAN and South Asia, 2017 -- 4.2 International Passenger Traffic, Sri Lanka, 2006-14 -- 4.3 International Cargo Volumes, Sri Lanka, 2006-14 -- 4.4 International Passenger Traffic, India, Fiscal Year 2000/01 to 2016/17 -- 4.5 International Cargo Volumes, India, Fiscal Year 2000/01 to 2016/17 -- 4.6 Growth in Flights between India and Selected Countries, 2004-17 -- 4.7 Growth in Airline Seats Available between India and Selected Countries, 2004-17 -- 4.8 Passenger Traffic between India and Sri Lanka, Fiscal Year 2000/01 to 2016/17 -- B4.2.1 Arrival Statistics by Purpose of Travel, Indian Visitors to Sri Lanka -- B4.2.2 Arrival Statistics by Purpose of Travel, Sri Lankan Visitors to India -- 4.9 Cargo Volumes between India and Sri Lanka, Fiscal Year 2000/01 to 2016/17 -- 5.1 Ratings of Income Increases from Haat Trade -- 5.2 Sources of Monthly Vendor Incomes -- 5.3 Cost and Profit Components of Average Monthly Sales, by Haat and Country Total -- 5.4 Perceptions of the Welfare Impact of Haats. ; 5.5 Barring Theft, the Haats Are Largely Safe for Women -- 5.6 The Views on Neighbors -- Photo -- B5.5.1 Bonding Across Borders -- Tables -- O.1 Overall Trade Restrictiveness Indexes, Selected Countries, South Asia, 2011 -- O.2 Prevalence of Paratariffs in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka -- O.3 India-Sri Lanka: Growth in Seats and Flights, Low-Cost Carriers, and Other Alliances -- B1.1.1 Trade Relationships, South Asia -- B1.1.2 Decomposition of Overtrading Relationships, South Asia -- B1.2.1 Overall Trade Restrictiveness Indexes, Selected Countries, South Asia, 2011 -- B1.4.1 Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka: Origin of Imports Pre- and Post-Free Trade Agreements -- 1.1 Shares of Intraregional Trade, South Asia, 2015 -- 1.2 Regional Market Shares, Merchandise Trade, South Asian Countries, 2015 -- 1.3 Regional Market Share, Selected Products, Bangladesh and India, 2015 -- 1A.1 Top 50 ad Valorem Equivalents of Nontariff Measures, Bilateral Trade, South Asia -- 1A.2 Intraregional Outward FDI Stock, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.3 Intraregional Trade in Vegetables and Fruits, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.4 Intraregional Trade in Consumer Goods, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.5 Intraregional Trade in Small Cars, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.6 Intraregional Trade in Motorcycles, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.7 Intraregional Trade in Pharmaceutical Products, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.8 Intraregional Trade in Intermediate Goods, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.9 Intraregional Trade in Capital Goods, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.10 Intraregional Merchandise Trade, South Asia, 2015 -- 1A.11 Existing and Proposed Crossborder Electricity Trade Arrangements, South Asia -- 2.1 Prevalence of Paratariffs in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka -- 2.2 Distribution of Import Duty Rates, with and without Paratariffs, Pakistan and Sri Lanka -- 2.3 Range of Import Duty Rates with and without Paratariffs. ; 2.4 Sensitive Lists, SAFTA -- 3.1 Parameters for the Selection of Survey Items -- 3.2 Firms Surveyed, Bangladesh, India, and Nepal -- 3.3 Productwise NTM Restrictiveness Scores -- 3.4 NTM Restrictiveness Score and POs Reported by Nepalese Exporters of Tea to India -- 3.5 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Nepalese Exporters of Cardamom to India -- 3.6 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Nepalese Exporters of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants to India -- 3.7 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Bangladeshi Exporters of Processed Foods to India -- 3.8 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Bangladeshi Exporters of Ready-Made Garments to India -- 3.9 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Bangladeshi Exporters of Jute Bags to India -- 3.10 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Indian Exporters of Pharmaceuticals to Nepal -- B3.4.1 Time Taken to Obtain Approvals for Pharmaceutical Exports from India to Nepal -- 3.11 Scores for NTMs and POs Reported by Indian Exporters of Pharmaceutical Raw Materials to Bangladesh -- 3A.1 Classification of Nontariff Measures, by Chapter -- 3B.1 Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures and Technical Barriers to Trade -- 3C.1 Classification of Procedural Obstacles -- 3D.1 Harmonized System Codes, Selected Items, Bangladesh and Nepal -- 3E.1 Questionnaire, NTM Survey, India and Nepal -- 3F.1 Plant Material Requiring Pest Risk Analysis, Nepal -- 3G.1 Exports of Tea from Nepal to India -- 3G.2 Exports of Cardamom from Nepal to India -- 3G.3 Exports of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants from Nepal to India -- 3G.4 Exports of Processed Food from Bangladesh to India -- 3G.5 Exports of Ready-Made Garments from Bangladesh to India -- 3G.6 Exports of Jute Bags from Bangladesh to India -- 3G.7 Exports of Pharmaceuticals from India to Nepal -- 3G.8 Exports of Pharmaceutical Raw Materials from India to Bangladesh. ; 4.1 Timeline of Developments in the Bilateral ASA between India and Sri Lanka.
• Sommario/riassunto: Trade has played a critical role in global poverty reduction. In harnessing the potential of trade, some of the most successful countries have developed strong trade relationships with their neighbors. However, many South Asian countries have trade regimes that often offset the positive impact of geography and proximity. This report documents systematically the gaps between current and potential trade in South Asia and addresses important specific barriers that have held trade back. These barriers include tariffs and paratariffs, real and perceived nontariff barriers, connectivity costs, and the broader trust deficit. This policy-focused report unpacks these critical barriers to effective trade integration in South Asia through four in-depth studies that produce new, detailed, on-the-ground knowledge. Three of the studies are based on extensive stakeholder consultations. Two also rely on tailored surveys. The fourth study, on tariffs, benefits from new data on paratariffs. The report also marshals new evidence showing how trading regimes in South Asia discriminate against each other. Given the South Asian context, incremental, yet concrete steps aimed at tapping the potential of deeper integration are appropriate. The report has been drafted in this spirit. It offers precise, actionable policy recommendations that could help achieve measurable progress in key areas of trade and integration that would be to the advantage of all countries in the region.
• Titolo autorizzato: A Glass Half Full
• ISBN: 9781464812958; 1464812950
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910969635203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: World Bank e-Library.