Alternatives for high-level waste salt processing at the Savannah River Site / / Committee on Cesium Processing Alternatives for High-Level Waste at the Savannah River Site, Board on Radioactive Waste Management, Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology, National Research Council

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, c2000
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (154 p.)
• Disciplina: 621.4838
• Soggetto topico: Radioactive waste disposal; Salts
• Note generali: "Support for this study was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy under Grant No. DE-FC01-99EW59049"--T.p. verso.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: ""ALTERNATIVES FOR HIGH-LEVEL WASTE SALT PROCESSING AT THE SAVANNAH RIVER SITE""; ""Copyright""; ""Acknowledgements""; ""List of Report Reviewers""; ""Contents""; ""Summary""; ""1 Introduction""; ""BACKGROUND ON THE HIGH-LEVEL WASTE PROGRAM AT SAVANNAH RIVER""; ""Waste Concentration and Storage""; ""Radionuclide Immobilization""; ""Extended Sludge Processing""; ""Salt Processing""; ""Salt Disposal""; ""ORIGIN OF THE CESIUM REMOVAL PROBLEM""; ""IDENTIFICATION OF PROCESSES FOR CESIUM REMOVAL""; ""Strontium/Actinide Removal by MST""; ""Tetraphenylborate Precipitation Process"" ; ""Crystalline Silicotitanate Ion Exchange""""Caustic Side Solvent Extraction""; ""Direct Disposal in Grout""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS FROM THE COMMITTEE'S INTERIM REPORT""; ""GENERIC ISSUES""; ""2 Screening Procedure""; ""BACKGROUND""; ""Literature and Patent Search""; ""Initial Selection of Process Alternatives (Phase I)""; ""Reduction of Process Alternatives to Four (Phase II)""; ""Selection of Recommended Process Alternative (Phases III and IV)""; ""ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS""; ""Literature and Patent Search""; ""Initial Selection of Process Alternatives (Phase I)"" ; ""Reduction of Process Alternatives to Four (Phase II)""""Selection of Recommended Process Alternative (Phases III and IV)""; ""GENERAL CONCLUSIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""3 Strontium and Actinide Removal""; ""BASELINE APPROACH""; ""STRONTIUM AND ACTINIDE REMOVAL""; ""MST SOLIDS REMOVAL""; ""GLASS COMPATIBILITY""; ""MST AVAILABILITY""; ""ALTERNATE PROCESSES""; ""R&D ACTIVITIES TO RESOLVE UNCERTAINTIES""; ""ANALYSIS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""4 Tetraphenylborate: In-Tank Precipitation and Small-Tank Precipitation Options""; ""In-Tank Precipitation Process""; ""Small-Tank TPB Precipitation"" ; ""ANALYSIS""""FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""5 Crystalline Silicotitanate Ion Exchange""; ""PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND MINERALOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CST""; ""ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED FOR CST""; ""ANALYSIS""; ""FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""6 Caustic Side Solvent-Extraction Process""; ""DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS""; ""ANALYSIS, FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS""; ""7 Direct Grout Option""; ""PROCESS DETAILS""; ""OBSTACLES TO SUCCESSFUL IMPLEMENTATION""; ""ANALYSIS""; ""FINDINGS AND CONCLUSIONS""; ""RECOMMENDATIONS"" ; ""8 Barriers to Implementation of HLW Salt Processing Options""""SYSTEMS INTEGRATION""; ""PROGRAM MANAGEMENT""; ""References""; ""Appendix A Biographical Sketches of Committee Members""; ""Appendix B Interim Report ""; ""ATTACHMENT A""; ""NRC Staff""; ""ATTACHMENT C""; ""HIGH-LEVEL WASTE SYSTEM AT SAVANNAH RIVER SITE""; ""SALT PROCESSING OPTIONS""; ""Appendix C Information-Gathering Meetings""; ""PRESENTATIONS GIVEN DURING FIRST COMMITTEE MEETING""; ""PRESENTATIONS GIVEN DURING SECOND COMMITTEE MEETING""; ""Appendix D Incidental Waste"" ; ""ROLE OF THE U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION IN INCIDENTAL WASTE DETERMINATIONS""
• Sommario/riassunto: The Second World War introduced the world to nuclear weapons and their consequences. Behind the scene of these nuclear weapons and an aspect of their consequences is radioactive waste. Radioactive waste has varying degrees of harmfulness and poses a problem when it comes to storage and disposal. Radioactive waste is usually kept below ground in varying containers, which depend on how radioactive the waste it. High-level radioactive waste (HLW) can be stored in underground carbon-steel tanks. However, radioactive waste must also be further immobilized to ensure our safety. There are several sites in the United States where high-level radioactive waste (HLW) are stored; including the Savannah River Site (SRS), established in 1950 to produce plutonium and tritium isotopes for defense purposes. In order to further immobilize the radioactive waste at this site an in-tank precipitation (ITP) process is utilized. Through this method, the sludge portion of the tank wastes is being removed and immobilized in borosilicate glass for eventual disposal in a geological repository. As a result, a highly alkaline salt, present in both liquid and solid forms, is produced. The salt contains cesium, strontium, actinides such as plutonium and neptunium, and other radionuclides. But is this the best method? The National Research Council (NRC) has empanelled a committee, at the request of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), to provide an independent technical review of alternatives to the discontinued in-tank precipitation (ITP) process for treating the HLW stored in tanks at the SRS. Alternatives for High-Level Waste Salt Processing at the Savannah RIver Site summarizes the finding of the committee which sought to answer 4 questions including: "Was an appropriately comprehensive set of cesium partitioning alternatives identified and are there other alternatives that should be explored?" and "Are there significant barriers to the implementation of any of the preferred alternatives, taking into account their state of development and their ability to be integrated into the existing SRS HLW system?"
• Titolo autorizzato: Alternatives for high-level waste salt processing at the Savannah River Site
• ISBN: 0-309-17158-X; 1-280-18528-7; 9786610185283; 0-309-56357-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910961003803321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Compass series (Washington, D.C.)