Law and Economics of Justice : Efficiency, Reciprocity, Meritocracy

• Autore: Mathis Klaus
• Pubblicazione: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing AG, , 2024; ©2024
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (312 pages)
• Altri autori: TorAvishalom
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Part I Markets, Market Failure and Distributive Justice -- 1 The Malleability of Inequality Trade-Offs -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Equality and Competing Considerations in Distributive Decision-Making -- 1.3 Equality and Social Comparison -- 1.4 Situational Factors and Inequality Concerns -- 1.5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 2 Overcoming the Antagonism Between Efficiency and Distributive Justice -- 2.1 Introduction and Notions -- 2.2 Relations Between Efficiency and Distributive Justice -- 2.3 Distributive Justice and Its Potential Failures -- 2.3.1 Role of Law -- 2.3.2 Function of Legitimacy -- 2.3.3 Justice Failures -- 2.4 Remedies for Distributive Justice Failures -- 2.4.1 Right Measures for Efficiency Evaluation -- 2.4.2 Standardisation of Principles Through International Guidelines -- 2.4.3 Regulatory Innovations -- 2.5 Outlook -- Bibliography -- 3 Just Prices, Market (In)Efficiency and Wealth (In)Equality -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Efficiency Conception of the Just Price -- 3.3 The Feasibility of a Just Price System -- 3.3.1 The Epistemic Objection -- 3.3.2 The Incentives Objection -- Bibliography -- 4 The Institutional Turn in Corporate Governance Towards Addressing Corporate Externalities and Public Goods -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Concerns About Externalities and Mispricing Explain Certain Corporate Social Responsibility and ESG Activities -- 4.3 Institutional Challenges Raised by Externality and Public Good Considerations -- 4.4 Evidence of the Turn to Institutionalising Externality and Public Goods and Its Implications -- 4.5 Implications of the Externality Perspective for Corporate Governance -- Bibliography -- 5 Justice Without Markets? -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Justice, Markets and Aggregation Versus Individuation -- 5.3 Justice After the "Marketplace of Ideas" Closes. ; 5.4 Justice, and Politics as Markets? -- 5.4.1 Political Gerrymandering of Benefits with Postal Codes? -- 5.4.2 Public Benefit Targeting and the Risk of Algorithmic Competition -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part II Efficiency -- 6 Beyond Justice Versus Efficiency: Reconciling Law and Economics Approaches to Fairness -- 6.1 Introduction-Neoclassical Economics and Positivist Law Against Kantian Ethics -- 6.1.1 Legal-Philosophical approaches to Justice and Fairness -- 6.1.2 Economic Approaches to Justice and Fairness -- 6.1.3 Kantian Legal Philosophy and Fairness in Law and Economics -- 6.2 Posner and Wealth Maximisation as an Argument Against Kantian Ethics -- 6.3 Fairness Versus Welfare Argument Against Kantian Ethics -- 6.4 The Kantian Requiem-Against Wealth Maximisation and Efficiency in Law and Economics -- 6.5 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- 7 The Relevance of Law and Economics for Practical Reasoning -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 What is Practical Reasoning? -- 7.2.1 Practical Reasoning and Scientific Reasoning -- 7.2.2 Practical Reasoning as a Dialogical Process -- 7.3 Why Law and Economics Could be Relevant for Practical Reasoning? -- 7.3.1 The Dialectical/Dialogical Relevance of Law and Economics -- 7.3.2 The Ethical Relevance of Law and Economics -- 7.4 Conclusion: From Law and Economics to Practical Decision Making -- Bibliography -- 8 Efficiency and International Human Rights Law: Some Preliminary Thoughts -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Why International Human Rights Law? -- 8.3 Economic Theory and Human Rights Law -- 8.4 Preferences and Constraints -- 8.5 Looking Backwards or Forwards -- 8.6 Efficiency -- 8.7 Reconciliation - Business and Human Rights -- 8.8 Dialogue and Negotiations -- 8.9 Prevention-Human Rights Due Diligence -- 8.10 Flexibility -- 8.11 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- 9 Efficiency as a Regulatory Goal in Healthcare Law. ; 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 The Potential Conflict Between Efficiency and Fair Access to Healthcare -- 9.2.1 The Principle of Efficiency in the Swiss Health Insurance Act -- 9.2.2 Fair Access to Healthcare -- 9.2.3 Efficiency vs. Distributive Justice -- 9.3 Balancing Efficiency and Access to Healthcare -- 9.3.1 Adequate and Affordable Healthcare for Everyone as a Primary Goal -- 9.3.2 A Relative and Individual-Oriented Understanding of Efficiency -- 9.3.3 Uniform Application of Efficiency to Ensure Distributive Justice -- 9.3.4 Efficiency as a Means of Improving Access to Healthcare -- 9.4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 10 Accessibility Versus Efficiency in the Judiciary: Evidence from the Polish Court Reforms -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Relevant Literature -- 10.3 Polish Civil Judiciary and the 2015 Reform -- 10.4 Dataset and Empirical Strategy -- 10.4.1 Dataset -- 10.4.2 Methodology -- 10.5 Estimation Results -- 10.5.1 Data Envelopment Analysis and Efficiency Scores -- 10.5.2 Tobit Regressions -- 10.6 Conclusions -- References -- Part III Reciprocity -- 11 "Shared Joy is Double Joy" -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Theoretical Background to Sharing as a Value Multiplication Process -- 11.2.1 A Focused Review of the Literature -- 11.2.2 Formulae for Sharing as Value Multiplication-The Saint Martin Equations -- 11.3 Testing and Questioning Parallel Patterns on Country Levels -- 11.3.1 Gini and Generosity -- 11.3.2 Gini and GDP Per Capita -- 11.3.3 Gini and the HDI -- 11.3.4 An Interpretation of the Patterns Through the Reciprocal Lens -- 11.4 Behavioural Foundations of Sharing as Value Multiplication -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- 12 The Consumer Welfare Standard, Consumer Sovereignty, and Reciprocity -- 12.1 Overview of the Analysis -- 12.2 The Consumer Welfare Hypothesis in a Nutshell -- 12.2.1 The Argument in a Nutshell. ; 12.2.2 Reasons to Take the Consumer Welfare Hypothesis Seriously -- 12.3 Reciprocity as an Evolutionary Mechanism Supported by Norms -- 12.3.1 Reciprocity: Direct or Indirect, Generalised or Not, Positive or Negative -- 12.3.2 Reciprocity: A Formidable Cooperation Mechanism -- 12.3.3 Norms: A Formidable Complement to Spontaneous Reciprocity -- 12.4 Consumer Sovereignty as a Norm of Indirect and Generalised Reciprocity -- 12.5 Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Part IV Meritocracy -- 13 Hierarchy, Efficiency, and Merit -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 The Background: Hierarchies, Skepticism about Merit, and Efficiency to the Rescue -- 13.2.1 The Problem of Hierarchies in Liberal Societies -- 13.2.2 Skepticism about Merit -- 13.2.3 Efficiency to the Rescue -- 13.3 Merit within Hierarchies -- 13.3.1 Why Are You on Top and not Me? -- 13.3.2 What do we Owe Each Other in a Hierarchy? -- 13.4 A Two-Level Account -- 13.4.1 Against the Fundamentally Merit-Based Justification -- 13.4.2 Two Levels -- Bibliography -- 14 The Ethics of Meritocratic Competition -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 The Preference-Shaping Power of the Social Environment -- 14.3 Education: A Case Study in Meritocratic Socialisation -- 14.4 A Deliberative Examination of Meritocracy -- 14.4.1 Public Deliberation -- 14.4.2 An Endorsement of Pluralism -- 14.5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 15 Equal Opportunity in an Unequal Society -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Opportunity and Mobility -- 15.3 Fairness and Justifiability -- 15.4 Equality ex ante -- 15.5 Desert -- 15.6 Conclusion -- References -- 16 Redefining a Normative Framework for Meritocracy in the Era of Generative AI: An Inter-Disciplinary Perspective -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Meritocracy and its Contribution to Innovation -- 16.2.1 Meritocracy and the Hyper-Competition Loop. ; 16.3 Meritocratic Order in the Silicon Valley, Singapore, the Swiss Life Sciences Sector -- 16.4 How Generative AI may Further Add to the Societal Discontent with Meritocracy? -- 16.5 Conclusion and Policy Recommendations -- Bibliography -- Index.
• Titolo autorizzato: Law and Economics of Justice
• ISBN: 3-031-56822-2
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910855383403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Economic Analysis of Law in European Legal Scholarship Series