L2 writing assessment : an evolutionary perspective / / Anthony Green

• Autore: Green Anthony
• Pubblicazione: Cham, Switzerland : , : Palgrave Macmillan, , [2022]; ©2022
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (277 pages)
• Disciplina: 371.26
• Soggetto topico: Educational tests and measurements; English language - Study and teaching - Foreign speakers; Second language acquisition
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Part I: Getting Started with L2 Writing -- Chapter 1: Introduction -- Starting from Definitions -- Key Terms -- Writing Meaning 1: A Technology for Recording Language -- Writing and Speech: A Complex Relationship -- Lost in Transcription -- The Global Spread of Writing -- Writing Meaning 2: Putting Writing to Use -- Writing as Activity -- The Uses of Writing -- Writing and the Social Order -- Writing and Assessment -- The Nature of Assessment -- Assessment and Schooling in Ancient Societies -- Public Examinations -- Power, Surveillance, and Social Control -- Access to Writing -- Resisting the Advance of Literacy -- Promoting Universal Literacy -- Monoglossia and Heteroglossia -- Centripetal and Centrifugal Forces -- Other Meanings of Writing: Speech, Script, Text, and Profession -- Texts and Social Contexts -- Audio and Video Recording -- L2 Writing Assessment and Text Types -- Conclusions: Defining L2 Writing for Assessment -- References -- Part II: Getting Writers to Write -- Chapter 2: Public Education, Rhetoric, and Examinations -- Writing at Home, at School, and in the Public Sphere -- Writing in School -- Differences Between Writing in L1 and L2 -- Origins of L2 Writing Assessment -- Rhetoric and Composition in the Language Classroom -- From Oral Disputation to Written Examination -- Written Composition in the Classroom -- The Expansion of Public Education -- Examinations in Modern Languages -- Composition in Written Examinations -- Prose Composition and Free Composition -- The Reform Movement and Examinations -- The Functions of School Examinations -- Conclusions: The Nineteenth-Century Legacy -- References -- Chapter 3: The Dawn of the Language Test -- Scientific Management in Education -- Holding Teachers and Schools Accountable for Results -- Testing and Social Efficiency. ; Educational Psychology and the New Era of Educational Measurement -- School Surveys -- Objections to Social Efficiency -- Testing the World -- Funding Efficiency -- Meeting Resistance -- The International Examinations Inquiry -- Tests as Tools for Academic Selection -- Composition and New Type Tests of Languages -- The Appeal of New Type Testing -- Foreign Language Learning: The State of the Art -- Linguistic Science Enters the Fray -- Applied Linguistics and the Expansion of English -- The Birth of a Language Testing Profession -- The Launch of TOEFL -- Language Testing Outside the US -- Conclusions: The Impact of the Efficiency Movement -- References -- Chapter 4: Assessment Trends and the Revival of Writing -- Putting the Ingredients Together Again: Alternatives to Standardised Testing -- Work Samples and Performance Tests -- Compositions as Work Samples -- Educational Objectives -- Programmed Instruction and Mastery Learning -- Criterion Referenced Testing -- Criticisms of Mastery Learning -- Composition Studies -- Learner-Centred Composition -- College Composition -- The Process Approach -- The Widening Scope of Applied Linguistics -- Building on the Lado Model -- CREDIF and the Council of Europe -- Communicative Language Testing -- The English Language Testing Service -- Graded Objectives in Modern Languages -- Communicative Use of English as a Foreign Language -- Challenges for CLT -- The Relationship Between Test and Criterion -- Extended Writing Displaces Structure and Written Expression -- Conclusions: Communicative Competence -- References -- Chapter 5: Shifting Views of L2 Writing -- L2 Writing as Distinct from Communicative Language Ability -- Models for the Assessment of L2 Writing -- Criticisms of Contemporary L2 Writing Tests -- L2 Writing Tests as Situated Practices -- Ethical and Critical Perspectives -- Language Policy Orientations. ; Plurilingualism and Pluriculturalism -- Plurilingual, Pluricultural Testing -- Portfolio Assessment and Writing Portfolios -- The European Language Portfolio -- Writing Portfolios -- Writing Portfolios and Construct Representation -- Writing Portfolios as High Stakes Assessments -- Conclusions for Part II: Getting L2 Writers to Write -- References -- Part III: Judging Language Learners' Writing -- Chapter 6: Compelling Consensus: From Mark Schemes to the Scaling of Samples -- Compositions and the New-Type Testing Revolution -- Counting Errors -- Comparative Judgement -- Scaling Samples -- Criticism of the Hillegas Scale -- Sample-Based Scales and Reliability -- Further Refinements and Innovations -- Objections to the Method of Samples -- Reactions from Teachers -- The Quest for Reliability -- The Unreliable Truth about Essay Scoring -- Traditional Examinations and Reliability -- Testing and Teaching -- Conclusions: Achieving Efficiency of Scoring in the US and Europe -- References -- Chapter 7: Rating Scales and Beyond -- From the Method of Samples to Descriptor-Based Scales -- Impressionistic Rating -- Rating Scales for Compositions -- Qualities or Behaviours? -- Classifying Raters -- The Q-Technique -- Options for Rating Scales -- Progress, Proficiency, and Accountability -- Keeping Track of Learning -- Outcomes-Based Assessment -- The FSI Scales and the Proficiency Movement -- Progress, Proficiency and Accountability -- The Triumph of Technology -- Sidney Pressey and the Teaching Machine -- Automating the Scoring of New-Type Tests -- Automated Essay Scoring -- The Wisdom of the Machine -- Educational Effects of Automated Scoring -- Questioning Reliability -- Pluralism in Evaluating L2 Writing -- Dynamic Criteria Mapping -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8: Directions in L2 Writing Assessment. ; Purposes and Consequences in L2 Writing Assessments -- Stakeholders in Assessment -- Selection and Guidance -- You Get What You Assess -- Teaching and Assessment Synergies and Tensions -- Directions for L2 Writing Assessment Research -- References -- Index.
• Titolo autorizzato: L2 Writing Assessment
• ISBN: 9783031150111; 9783031150104
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910634043803321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Research and practice in social studies series.