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How to display data [[electronic resource] /] / Jenny V. Freeman, Stephen J. Walters, Michael J. Campbell
| How to display data [[electronic resource] /] / Jenny V. Freeman, Stephen J. Walters, Michael J. Campbell |
| Autore | Freeman Jenny V (Jenny Vanessa) |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Malden, Mass, : BMJ Books, 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (117 p.) |
| Disciplina | 610.72/7 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
WaltersStephen John
CampbellMichael J., PhD. |
| Soggetto topico |
Medical writing
Medical statistics Medicine - Research - Statistical methods |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-4443-5970-3
1-282-11808-0 9786612118081 1-4443-1255-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Introduction to data display -- How to display data badly -- Displaying univariate categorical data -- Displaying quantitative data -- Displaying the relationship between two continuous variables -- Data in tables -- Reporting study results -- Time series plots and survival curves -- Displaying results in presentations. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910454996903321 |
Freeman Jenny V (Jenny Vanessa)
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| Malden, Mass, : BMJ Books, 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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How to display data [[electronic resource] /] / Jenny V. Freeman, Stephen J. Walters, Michael J. Campbell
| How to display data [[electronic resource] /] / Jenny V. Freeman, Stephen J. Walters, Michael J. Campbell |
| Autore | Freeman Jenny V (Jenny Vanessa) |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Malden, Mass, : BMJ Books, 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (117 p.) |
| Disciplina | 610.72/7 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
WaltersStephen John
CampbellMichael J., PhD. |
| Soggetto topico |
Medical writing
Medical statistics Medicine - Research - Statistical methods |
| ISBN |
1-4443-5970-3
1-282-11808-0 9786612118081 1-4443-1255-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Introduction to data display -- How to display data badly -- Displaying univariate categorical data -- Displaying quantitative data -- Displaying the relationship between two continuous variables -- Data in tables -- Reporting study results -- Time series plots and survival curves -- Displaying results in presentations. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910777965303321 |
|
Freeman Jenny V (Jenny Vanessa)
|
||
| Malden, Mass, : BMJ Books, 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Statistics at square one [[electronic resource] /] / T.D.V. Swinscow and M.J. Campbell
| Statistics at square one [[electronic resource] /] / T.D.V. Swinscow and M.J. Campbell |
| Autore | Swinscow T. D. V (Thomas Douglas Victor) |
| Edizione | [10th ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | London, : BMJ, 2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | viii, 158 p. : ill |
| Altri autori (Persone) | CampbellMichael J., PhD. |
| Soggetto topico | Medical statistics |
| ISBN |
1-280-19790-0
9786610197903 0-585-41499-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Data display and summary -- Types of data -- Stem and leaf plots -- Median -- Measures of variation -- Data display -- Histograms -- Bar charts -- Common questions -- What is the distinction between a histogram and a bar chart? -- How many groups should I have for a histogram? -- Displaying data in papers -- Exercises -- Exercise 1.1 -- Reference -- 2 Summary statistics for quantitative and binary data -- Mean and standard deviation -- Standard deviation from ungrouped data -- Calculator procedure -- Standard deviation from grouped data -- Data transformation -- Between subjects and within subjects standard deviation -- Summarising relationships between binary variables -- Choice of summary statistics for binary data -- Common questions -- When should I quote the mean and when should I quote the median to describe my data? -- When should I use a standard deviation to summarise variability? -- When should I quote an odds ratio and when should I quote a relative risk? -- Reading and displaying summary statistics -- Exercises -- Exercise 2.1 -- Exercise 2.2 -- Exercise 2.3 -- References -- 3 Populations and samples -- Populations -- Samples -- Unbiasedness and precision -- Randomisation -- Variation between samples -- Standard error of the mean -- Standard error of a proportion or a percentage -- Problems with non-random samples -- Common questions -- What is an acceptable response rate from a survey? -- Given measurements on a sample, what is the difference between a standard deviation and a standard error? -- When should I use a standard deviation to describe data and when should I use a standard error? -- Reading and reporting populations and samples -- Exercises -- Exercise 3.1 -- Exercise 3.2 -- Exercise 3.3 -- References -- 4 Statements of probability and confidence intervals -- Reference ranges.
Confidence intervals -- Common questions -- What is the difference between a reference range and a confidence interval? -- Reading and reporting confidence intervals -- Exercises -- Exercise 4.1 -- Exercise 4.2 -- Reference -- 5 Differences between means: type I and type II errors and power -- Large-sample standard error of difference between means -- Large-sample confidence interval for the difference in two means -- Null hypothesis and type I error -- Testing for differences of two means -- Alternative hypothesis and type II error -- Common questions -- Why is the P value not the probability that the null hypothesis is true? -- What is the difference between a one sided and a two sided test? -- Reading and reporting P values -- Exercises -- Exercise 5·1 -- Exercise 5.2 -- Reference -- 6 Confidence intervals for summary statistics of binary data -- Standard error of difference between percentages or proportions -- Confidence interval for a difference in proportions or percentages -- Significance test for a difference in two proportions -- Confidence interval for an odds ratio -- Standard error of a total -- Paired alternatives -- Common questions -- Why is the standard error used for calculating a confidence interval for the difference in two proportions different from the standard error used for calculating the significance? -- Exercises -- Exercise 6.1 -- Exercise 6.2 -- Exercise 6.3 -- Exercise 6.4 -- Reference -- 7 The t tests -- Confidence interval for the mean from a small sample -- Difference of sample mean from population mean (one sample t test) -- Difference between means of two samples -- Unequal standard deviations -- Difference between means of paired samples (paired t test) -- Further methods -- Common questions -- Should I test my data for Normality before using the t test?. Should I test for equality of the standard deviations before using the usual t test? -- Why should I use a paired test if my data are paired? What happens if I don't? -- Reading and reporting t tests -- Exercises -- Exercise 7.1 -- Exercise 7.2 -- Exercise 7.3 -- Exercise 7.4 -- References -- 8 The .2 tests -- Quick method -- Fourfold tables -- Small numbers -- Comparing proportions -- Splitting of .2 -- .2 test for trend -- Comparison of an observed and a theoretical distribution -- McNemar's test -- Extensions of the .2 test -- Common questions -- I have matched data, but the matching criteria were very weak. Should I use McNemar's test? -- Reading and reporting chi squared tests -- Exercises -- Exercise 8.1 -- Exercise 8.2 -- Exercise 8.3 -- Exercise 8.4 -- Exercise 8.5 -- Exercise 8.6 -- Exercise 8.7 -- References -- 9 Exact probability test -- Common questions -- Why is Fisher's test called an exact test? -- Reading and reporting Fisher's Exact Test -- Exercise -- Exercise 9.1 -- References -- 10 Rank score tests -- Paired samples -- Unpaired samples -- Common questions -- Nonparametric tests are valid for both non-Normally distributed data and Normally distributed data, so why not use them all the time? -- Do nonparametric tests compare medians? -- How is the Mann-Whitney U test related to the t test? -- Reading and reporting rank score tests -- Exercises -- Exercise 10.1 -- Exercise 10.2 -- References -- 11 Correlation and regression -- Correlation coefficient -- Looking at data: scatter diagrams -- Calculation of the correlation coefficient -- Significance test -- Spearman rank correlation -- The regression equation -- More advanced methods -- Common questions -- If two variables are correlated are they causally related? -- How do I test the assumptions underlying linear regression?. When should I use correlation and when should I use regression? -- Reading and reporting correlation and regression -- Exercises -- Exercise 11.1 -- Exercise 11.2 -- Exercise 11.3 -- Exercise 11.4 -- References -- 12 Survival analysis -- Kaplan-Meier survival curve -- Method -- Example of calculation of survival curve -- Log rank test -- Further methods -- Common questions -- Do I need to test for a constant relative risk before doing the log rank test? -- If I don't have any censored observations, do I need to use survival analysis? -- Reading and reporting survival analysis -- Exercises -- Exercise 12.1 -- Exercise 12.2 -- References -- 13 Study design and choosing a statistical test -- Design -- Sample size -- Choice of test -- Reading and reporting on the design of a study -- Exercises -- Exercise 13.1 -- Exercise 13.2 -- Exercise 13.3 -- Exercise 13.4 -- Exercise 13.5 -- References -- Answers to exercises -- Appendix -- Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNISA-996320694203316 |
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Swinscow T. D. V (Thomas Douglas Victor)
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| London, : BMJ, 2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno | ||
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