| Nota di contenuto |
Front Cover -- Corn: Chemistry and Technology -- Copyright -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- Chapter 1: Corn History and Culture -- Production and Importance -- Corn History and Culture -- Origin and Evolution -- Historical Perspective -- Growth and Development -- Germination -- Vegetative Development -- Pollination and Kernel Development -- Culture and Management -- Climatic Requirements -- Soil Management -- Water and Nutrient Management -- Pest Management -- Storage Management -- General Uses -- Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 2: Breeding, Genetics and Seed Corn Production -- Introduction -- Reproduction of the Corn Plant -- Kernel Structure -- Endosperm-Dosage Effect -- Endosperm Variation -- Dent Corn -- Flint Corn -- Floury Corn -- Sweet Corn -- Progress in Corn Improvement -- Early Inbreeding and Hybridization Experiment -- Use of Open-Pollinated Varieties, 1910-36 -- Introduction of Hybrids, 1937-65 -- Single-Cross and Modified Single-Cross Hybrids, 1966 to the Present -- Host-Plant Resistance -- Breeding Techniques for Selection of Improved Genotypes -- Mass Selection -- Random Selfed Lines -- S1 and S2 Line Selection -- Recurrent Selection -- Extraction of Inbred Lines from Populations Improved by Recurrent Selection -- Inbred Line Development From Recycling Existing Lines or From Inbred Line Families -- Evaluation of Experimental Material -- Selection Trials -- Experimental Hybrids -- State Hybrid Performance Trials -- Kernel Modification Through Breeding -- Single-Mutant Endosperm Genes -- Starch Modification -- Protein Modification -- Altering Kernel Composition and Integrity by Selection -- Oil -- Protein Quantity -- Kernel Integrity -- Molecular Genetic Tools and Quantitative Traits -- Molecular Markers for Corn Research -- Isozymes -- Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers.
Simple Sequence Repeat Markers -- Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers -- Genetic Maps for Corn Research -- Classical and Cytological Maps for Corn -- Molecular Maps for Corn -- The Bin Concept -- The Corn Physical Map -- Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis in Corn -- Current Trends in QTL Analysis -- Seed Production -- Crossing Techniques -- Isolation Requirements -- Seed Conditioning -- Harvesting -- Drying -- Shelling -- Cleaning and Sizing -- Seed Treatment -- Germination Tests -- Marketing -- Seed Classification -- Breeder Seed -- Foundation Seed -- Registered Seed -- Certified Seed -- Contract Production -- Special Endosperm Types -- White Corn -- Other Specialty Corns -- Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 3: Genetic Modifications of Corn -- Introduction -- Radiation -- Chemical -- Tilling -- Plant Tissue Culture as Tool in Mutagenesis -- Somaclonal Variation -- Mutagenesis-Induced Inder In Vitro Selection -- Transposon-Based Tagging as Sources of Mutations -- Production of Double Haploids -- In vivo Production Via Genetic Methods -- Use of In Vitro Culture Techniques -- Genome Editing -- Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutagenesis -- Genome Editing With Engineered Nucleases -- Gene Targeting in Corn Using Zinc Finger Nucleases -- Gene Targeting in Corn Using (TALEN) -- CRISPR/Cas -- Traits Altered by Genome Editing in Corn -- Gene Knockout: Waxy Example -- Gene Edit: Acetolactate Synthase Example -- Promoter Swap: ARGOS8 -- Gene Insertion: Complex Trait Locus -- Genetic Transformation -- Transgenic Plants (GMOs) -- Brief History of Genetic Transformation: First in Bacteria -- Agrobacterium, the Natural Genetic Engineer -- First Tissue Culture Experiments -- Search for the TIP: Era of Molecular Biology Analysis -- Role of Ti-Plasmid.
Genetic Engineering of Plants: Chimaric Plasmids as the First Developed Technology for Genetic Transformation of Plants -- Corn Plant Regeneration Systems: The Second Technology for Genetic Transformation -- Electroporation and Polyethylene Glycol Treatment: Protoplast Transformation -- Particle Bombardment -- Agrobacterium-Mediated Transformation -- Alternative Methods -- Other Considerations of Transformation -- Genetic Modification Through Biotechnology -- Input Traits -- Output Traits -- Regulatory Issues -- Concerns About Transgenic Corn -- Ecological Concerns -- Gene Flow -- Greenhouse Gas Emission Savings -- Reduced Fuel Use -- Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4: Economics of Production, Marketing and Utilization -- Introduction -- Corn (Maize) as a Crop -- Corn Demand -- Worldwide Corn Utilization -- Utilization per Country and per Capita -- USA Corn Utilization -- Breakfast Cereals -- Corn Price and Trends -- Corn Production -- Global Production -- Productivity, Key Elements for Competitiveness, and Production Costs -- Corn Global Trade -- Markets and Exchanges -- Transport and Logistic -- Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 5: Harvesting and Postharvest Management -- Harvesting Systems -- Harvest Systems Defined by End Uses for Corn -- Combine Harvesting Corn for Grain -- What Is Special About Corn Combines? -- Categories of Corn Combines -- Combine Performance Criteria -- Corn Heads or Platforms on Combines and Pickers -- Corn-Head Performance -- Gathering Chains -- Stalk-Snapping Rolls and Snapping Plates -- Platform Auger -- Feeder House Feed Chain -- Stalk-Chopping -- Corn-Head Power Demand -- Variable-Speed Heads -- Corn Reels -- Feeder/Head Reverser (Unplugging) -- Threshing -- Separating -- Cleaning -- Materials Transport -- Coordinated Functions -- Combine ``Sweet Spot´´.
Spreading Material Other Than Grain -- The Harvest and Kernel Quality -- Managing Field Operations -- Cleanout and Combine Hygiene, Fires -- Cost Management: Private Ownership Versus Contracting -- How Long Is a Working Life? -- When Should a Combine Be Replaced? -- Contract Versus Private Ownership -- Control and Information Systems -- The Harvester as a Tool in Precision Farming -- Corn Preservation -- Moisture Content -- Equilibrium Moisture Content -- Maximum Moisture Content for Storage as Dry Corn -- Allowable Storage Time for Corn -- Blending -- Loss of Weight in Drying -- Water Factor, Shrink Factor -- Drying Ear Corn in Cribs -- Forced-Air Corn Drying -- Drying Mechanisms -- Heat Sources -- Drying Rates -- Deep-Bed Drying -- Drying Effects on Quality -- Airflow Through Corn -- Effects of Fines on Airflow Resistance -- Fan Characteristics -- Fan Selection -- Corn Drying Practice -- Natural-Air/Low-Temperature Dryers -- High-Temperature Bin Dryers -- Dryeration -- Cross-Flow Column Batch Dryers -- Continuous-Flow Cross-Flow Column Dryers -- Concurrent-Countercurrent Dryers -- High-Moisture Corn Preservation -- Oxygen-Limiting Corn Preservation -- Chemical Treatments for Corn Preservation -- Future Trends in Corn Preservation -- Handling Systems -- Ear Handling -- Shelled Corn Handling -- Hauling Corn From the Field -- Screw Conveyors -- Bucket Elevators -- En-Masse Conveyers -- Belt Conveyors -- Pneumatic Conveying -- Other Handling Components -- Future Trends in Handling Equipment -- Storage and Storage Management -- Ear Corn Storage -- Bin and Silo Designs -- Temporary Outside Corn Storage -- Moisture Migration -- Aeration -- Monitoring Storage Conditions -- Future Trends in Corn Storage Structures -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 6: Development and Structure of the Corn Kernel -- Botanical Classification -- Main Kernel Structure.
Physical Properties -- Hardness -- Density -- Kernel Weight -- Color -- Moisture Content -- Thermal Properties -- Kernel Development -- Pollination and Fertilization -- Endosperm Development -- Starchy Endosperm Development -- Protein Synthesis -- Aleurone -- Germ Development -- Pericarp Development -- Structure of the Mature Kernel -- Whole Kernel -- Pericarp -- Endosperm -- Aleurone -- Peripheral Endosperm -- Starchy Endosperm -- Germ -- Embryo -- Scutellum -- Epithelium -- Cementing Layer -- Hilar Layer -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7: Measurement and Maintenance of Corn Quality -- Introduction -- U.S. Grades and Standards -- History, Classes, and U.S. Grades -- History -- Classes -- U.S. Grades -- U.S. Grading Factors -- Importance of Grades in Corn Marketing -- Alternative Marketing Channels -- ISO 9000 Certification -- Grades and Standards of Other Countries -- History of Grades and Standards for Export Trade -- Corn-Grading Factors of Other Countries -- Canada -- Argentina -- Brazil -- South Africa -- China -- Sampling -- Accuracy of Sample/Grade Determinations -- Moisture -- Moisture Shrink -- Reference Moisture Methods -- Moisture Meters -- Individual Kernel Moisture Measurement -- Near-Infrared Spectroscopy -- Broken Corn, Foreign Material, and Dust -- Broken Corn, Foreign Material (BCFM) -- Dust -- Density -- True Density -- Bulk Density (Test Weight) -- Maturity -- Feeding Value of Low Test Weight Corn -- Test Weight in Milling -- Porosity -- Hardness -- Significance -- Measurements -- Other Physical Quality Tests -- Pericarp Damage -- Stress Cracks -- Breakage Susceptibility -- 1000-Kernel Weights -- Fungal Invasion -- Damage Grade Factor -- Role of Microorganisms in Quality Deterioration -- Quality in Corn Utilization -- Wet Milling -- Ethanol Processing -- Beverage Alcohol -- Dry Milling.
Alkaline Processing.
|
Info
Contributo allo studio del trapianto del granoturco / Pasquale Rossi
