Tropical Medicine

• Autore: Beeching Nick
• Pubblicazione: Hoboken : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2014; ©2014
• Edizione: 7th ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (410 pages)
• Disciplina: 616.9883
• Soggetto topico: Tropical medicine -- England; Medicine -- Ability testing
• Altri autori: GillGeoff
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Tropical Medicine Lecture Notes -- Contents -- Contributors -- Preface -- List of abbreviations -- How to use your textbook -- About the companion website -- Part 1 A general approach to syndromes/symptom complexes -- 1 Gastrointestinal presentations -- Dysphagia/odynophagia -- Haematemesis -- Abdominal pain -- Malabsorption -- Tropical sprue -- Diarrhoea -- Pathophysiology and definitions -- History -- Other illness -- Host factors -- Examination -- Clinical syndromes of diarrhoea -- Investigations -- Management -- FURTHER READING -- 2 Respiratory presentations -- Assessment -- History -- Respiratory history -- Non-respiratory illness -- Examination in respiratory cases -- Investigation of respiratory disease -- Chest X-ray -- Sputum/respiratory secretions -- Blood cultures -- Pleural fluid -- Lung function testing -- Common presentations -- Acute breathlessness and fever in the small child -- Acute breathlessness, cough and fever in adults -- Chronic cough and malaise -- Breathlessness and wheeze -- Pleural effusion -- Respiratory disease and HIV -- FURTHER READING -- 3 Neurological presentations -- Reasons for increased incidence of neurological disorders in the tropics -- Neurological syndromes -- Pathological processes -- Rapid assessment of patient with coma in the tropics -- Classification and further investigation of patients with coma -- Indications and contraindications for lumbar puncture in suspected CNS infections (Table 3.4) -- Cerebrospinal fluid findings in CNS infections -- FURTHER READING -- 4 Febrile presentations -- Pathogenesis and symptomatic treatment of fever -- Clinical approach to the patient with fever -- History -- Examination -- Initial investigation -- Acute fevers with a negative malarial blood film -- Treatment of common causes of fever lasting < -- 2 weeks -- Common non-infectious causes of fever. ; Autoimmune and connective tissue disorders -- Malignancy -- Other -- Common causes of fever lasting > -- 2 weeks -- Common clinical problems with febrile patients -- FURTHER READING -- 5 Dermatological presentations -- Skin ulcers -- Skin itching -- Creeping eruptions -- Papules -- Skin nodules -- Changes in pigmentation -- Hypopigmented macules -- Hyperpigmentation -- Urticaria -- Vesicles and bullae -- Petechial rashes -- FURTHER READING -- 6 The patient with anaemia -- Causes of anaemia -- Clinical diagnosis of anaemia -- Laboratory investigations -- Measurement of haemoglobin -- Examination of peripheral blood film -- Microcytic anaemia -- Macrocytic anaemia -- Normocytic anaemia -- Management of anaemia in the absence of alaboratory -- Blood transfusion in developing countries -- FURTHER READING -- 7 A syndromic approach to sexually transmitted infections -- The need for a public health approach -- Syndromic management -- Local adaptations -- How to use the flowcharts -- The nine elements of case management and the 'five C's' of syndromic management -- Advantages of syndromic management -- Disadvantages of syndromic management -- HIV testing in STI clinics -- FURTHER READING -- 8 Splenomegaly in the tropics -- Reasons for enlargedspleens -- Massive tropical splenomegaly -- Hyperreactive malarial splenomegaly -- Splenectomy in thetropics -- FURTHER READING -- Part 2 Major tropical infections -- 9 Malaria -- Malaria epidemiology -- Life-cycle -- Malaria immunity and other determinants of disease severity -- Clinical features -- Specific features of severe disease -- Other malaria complications -- Malaria in pregnancy -- Malaria diagnosis -- Treatment -- Drugs to treat falciparum malaria -- Artemisinin derivatives -- Quinoline derivatives -- Antifolate drugs -- Antibiotics -- Atovaquone -- Resistance to antimalarial drugs. ; Treatment recommendations -- Uncomplicated falciparum malaria -- Severe falciparum malaria -- Plasmodium vivax, ovale, malariae and knowlesi -- Imported malaria in travellers -- Treatment of malariain pregnancy -- Pharmacokinetic interactions between antimalarials and other drugs -- Relapse and recrudescence -- Malaria control and eradication -- Malaria prevention for travellers -- FURTHER READING -- 10 Visceral leishmaniasis -- Epidemiology -- Parasite and life-cycle -- Clinical features of visceral leishmaniasis -- Differential diagnosis of splenomegaly -- Massive spleen -- Moderate spleen -- Viscerotropic leishmaniasis -- Visceral leishmaniasis and HIV co-infection -- Investigations -- Circumstantial evidence -- Serological tests for antibody -- Parasitological evidence -- Performing a splenic aspirate -- Management -- Pentavalent antimonials (SbV) -- Amphotericin B -- Liposomal amphotericin B -- Pentamidine -- Miltefosine -- Aminosidine (paromomycin) -- Combination treatment -- Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) -- Prevention -- Eliminating or treating the reservoir host -- Eliminating or avoiding the vector -- Prospects for elimination of VL from the Indian subcontinent -- FURTHER READING -- 11 Cutaneous leishmaniasis -- Clinical features -- Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) -- Diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) -- Leishmaniasis recidivans (LR) -- Mucosal leishmaniasis (ML) -- Cutaneous leishmaniasis and HIV coinfection -- Investigations -- Cutaneous and diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis -- Leishmaniasis recidivans and mucosal leishmaniasis -- Leishmanin test (Montenegro test) -- Management -- Treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis -- Local, topical and physical treatments -- Oral treatment -- Parenteral treatment -- Choosing the most appropriate treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis -- Prevention -- FURTHER READING -- 12 Tuberculosis. ; Microbiology -- Epidemiology -- Magnitude of the problem -- Transmission -- Infection and immunity -- Progression to disease -- Risk factors for infection and disease -- Effect of HIV on the epidemiology of TB -- Clinical features -- Pulmonary vs. extrapulmonary disease -- Systemic symptoms -- Symptoms of pulmonary TB -- Signs of pulmonary TB -- Clinical features of selected forms of extrapulmonary TB -- Effect of HIV on clinical presentations of TB -- Investigations -- Management -- Principles of TB chemotherapy -- Deciding which treatment regimen to use -- New patients -- Previously treated patients -- Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extremely drug-resistant (XDR) TB -- Monitoring treatment -- The question of isolation -- Adjunctive corticosteroid therapy -- Prevention and public health aspects -- BCG vaccination -- Isoniazid preventive therapy -- DOTS strategy for TB control -- The controversy around direct observation of therapy and adherence -- TB, poverty and the problem of case-detection -- HIV and TB -- The Stop TB Strategy -- Future developments -- New diagnostics -- New interventions -- FURTHER READING -- 13 HIV infection and disease in the tropics -- The viruses -- Differences between HIV-1 and HIV-2 -- HIV testing and counselling -- What test to use? -- Epidemiology -- Global seroprevalence -- Transmission -- Sexual transmission -- Risk factors -- Vertical transmission -- Transmission by infected blood -- Pathogenesis of HIV infection -- Progressive immunosuppression -- Staging HIV disease -- Natural history -- Acute seroconversion illness -- The immune activation phase -- Early HIV disease -- Late HIV disease or AIDS -- Clinical problems in adults -- Skin conditions -- Acute cough and fever -- Chronic cough with fever -- Cough and fever in children -- High fever without focus -- Chronic diarrhoea -- Oral and oesophageal candidiasis. ; Kaposi's sarcoma (Fig. 13.5) -- Central nervous system disease -- Eye disease -- Jaundice -- Prophylaxis -- TB chemoprophylaxis -- Preventing pneumococcal disease -- Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis -- Preventing other infections -- Childhood immunization -- Antiretroviral therapy -- Post-exposure prophylaxis after needle stick injury or rape (PEP) -- Public health approach to ART -- Commonly used ART drugs and choice of regimens in resource-poor countries -- Regimens for special populations -- The 4 Ss: when to Start, Substitute, Switch and Stop treatment -- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) -- Organization of ART delivery -- Paediatric HIV infection -- Management of HIV in infants and children -- Control strategies -- Prevention of Mother-to-Child-Transmission (PMTCT) -- FURTHER READING -- Other resources -- Appendix to Chapter 13 -- 14 Onchocerciasis, filariasis and loiasis -- Introduction -- Onchocerciasis -- Life-cycle -- Epidemiology -- Clinical features -- Subcutaneous nodules (Fig. 14.5) -- Diagnosis -- Treatment -- Treatment of individual patients -- Control -- Filariasis -- Lymphatic filariasis (LF) -- Bancroftian filariasis -- Brugian filariasis -- Diagnosis and monitoring of filariasis -- Management of filariasis -- Treatment of individual patients -- Prevention of morbidity -- Loiasis -- Diagnosis and treatment -- FURTHER READING -- 15 African trypanosomiasis -- Parasites -- Life-cycle -- Disease -- Local effects -- Systemic effects -- Immune response and pathogenesis -- Clinical picture -- Trypanosoma brucei gambiense -- Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense -- Diagnosis -- Early stage disease -- Late stage disease (CNS involvement) -- Immunological diagnostic methods -- Routine laboratory findings -- Treatment -- Early Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infections -- Late stage disease. ; Monitoring cure.
• Sommario/riassunto: Providing a comprehensive introduction to the study of tropical medicine, this new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated to include new content and more illustrations and clinical photographs to aid understanding. Now fully supported by a companion website containing hundreds of interactive multiple-choice questions, and available in a range of digital formats, Tropical Medicine Lecture Notes is the perfect resource for study and revision, and is the ideal companion for those practising medicine in tropical and sub-tropical regions. New edition of the best-selling tropical medicine textbook Brand new chapters covering Ophthalmology and Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) Increased coverage of malaria, tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS More colour illustrations and photographs for greater clarity and understanding Fully supported by a companion website at www.lecturenoteseries.com/tropicalmed containing figures and summaries from the book in PowerPoint format, and hundreds of interactive MCQs (written by Dom Colbert) Now available in a range of digital formats - perfect for on-the-go study and clinical practice.
• Titolo autorizzato: Tropical Medicine
• ISBN: 9781118734551; 9780470658536
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910822285203321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Lecture Notes Ser.