Research methods in clinical linguistics and phonetics : a practical guide / / edited by Nicole Muller and Martin J. Ball

• Pubblicazione: Malden, Mass., : John Wiley & Sons, 2013
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: xii, 318 p. : ill
• Disciplina: 616.85/5
• Soggetto topico: Speech disorders; Communicative disorders; Language disorders; Phonetics; Applied linguistics
• Altri autori: MullerNicole <1963-> BallMartin J (Martin John)
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Research Methods in Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics: A Practical Guide -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- 1 Linguistics, Phonetics, and Speech-Language Pathology: Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics -- 1.1 A Brief Historical Overview of Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics -- 1.2 The Role of Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics in Speech-Language Pathology -- 1.3 Research Philosophies, and the Rest of this Book -- 2 Research Ethics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Basic Concepts -- 2.3 Planning for Ethical Research -- 2.3.1 Rationale and Methodologies -- 2.3.2 Informed Consent -- 2.3.3 Ethics Review Procedures -- 2.4 Conducting Research Ethically -- 2.4.1 Data Collection and Analysis -- 2.4.2 Management Issues -- 2.5 Disseminating Results Ethically -- 2.5.1 Manuscript Preparation -- 2.5.2 The Peer-Review Process -- 2.6 Emerging Trends -- 2.7 Conclusion -- 2.8 Resources -- 2.8.1 Further Reading -- 3 Experimental and Quasi-experimental Research in Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Research Design -- 3.2.1 Concerns in Experimental Design: Reliability and Validity -- 3.2.2 Choosing Appropriate Experimental Design -- 3.2.3 Subject Selection, Data Collection, and Data Interpretation -- 3.3 General Discussion -- 3.4 Resources -- 4 The Investigation of Speech Production: Experimental and Quasi-experimental Approaches -- 4.1 Overview of Speech Difficulties: Theoretical Underpinnings -- 4.2 Data Collection Considerations -- 4.2.1 Participants -- 4.2.2 Speech Elicitation -- 4.3 Perceptual Evaluation Methods -- 4.4 Technology and Speech Production Studies -- 4.4.1 Acoustic Analysis -- 4.4.2 Articulatory Records -- 4.5 Beyond Speech -- 4.5.1 Comprehensibility -- 4.5.2 Qualitative Research -- 4.5.3 Triangulation of Data -- 4.6 Conclusion -- 4.7 Resources. ; 5 Investigating Disordered Language: Experimental and Quasi-experimental Approaches -- 5.1 Overview of Territory -- 5.2 Focusing the Research Question -- 5.2.1 Focusing the Question via Attention to an Agenda -- 5.2.2 Focusing the Question via Pilot Experimental Studies -- 5.2.3 Focusing the Question via Preliminary Use of Microgenetic Research Methods -- 5.3 Overview of Language Disorders: Theoretical Underpinnings and the Nature of Data -- 5.3.1 Relationship between Demand of Experimental Control and Language Construct -- 5.3.2 Behaviorism and Applied Behavior Analysis -- 5.3.3 Structuralism and Generative Theories -- 5.3.4 Constructivism -- 5.3.5 Emergent Theory, Neuroconstructivist Theory, Neoconstructivism -- 5.4 Experimental (and Quasi-experimental) Methods: Examples of Contributions to Nosology -- 5.4.1 Specific Language Impairment -- 5.4.2 Pragmatic Impairment -- 5.5 Experimental Research and Language Intervention -- 5.5.1 Dealing with Independent Variables: Treatment Fidelity/Integrity -- 5.5.2 Administering a Protocol: The People and Their Actions -- 5.5.3 Identifying the Active Ingredients -- 5.6 Data Collection Considerations -- 5.6.1 Participants and Groupings -- 5.6.2 Age Appropriateness in Experiments with Children -- 5.6.3 Cultural and Language Appropriateness of Tasks for Participants -- 5.6.4 Issues of "Matching" Participants -- 5.6.5 Recording -- 5.6.6 Tasks and Stimuli -- 5.6.7 Experimental Contexts and Settings -- 5.6.8 Data Set -- 5.7 Microgenetic Research: An Underused Research Tool -- 5.8 Conclusion -- 5.9 Resources -- 5.9.1 General Research -- 5.9.2 Treatment Fidelity Resources -- 5.9.3 Microgenetic Research Resources -- 6 Qualitative Research in Clinical Linguistics and Phonetics -- 6.1 Definitions -- 6.2 Traditions of Inquiry -- 6.3 Case-Based Research and Qualitative Case Studies. ; 6.3.1 Categories of Qualitative Case Studies -- 6.4 Preparing the Ground: Finding a Question, Preparing a Study, and Finding Participants -- 6.4.1 Identifying a Problem and Situating a Study Methodologically -- 6.4.2 Sampling, and Getting Access to Sites and Participants -- 6.5 Data Types and Data Sources: A Brief Selection -- 6.5.1 Field Notes and Participant Observation -- 6.5.2 Interviews -- 6.5.3 Conversations -- 6.5.4 Multiple Data Sources -- 6.6 Working with Data: Analysis and Interpretation -- 6.7 Conclusion and Outlook -- 6.8 Resources -- 7 An Ethnographic Approach to Assessing Communication Success in Interactions Involving Adults with Developmental Delay -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 What Is Ethnography? -- 7.2 Culture and Context: Situating Interactions -- 7.3 The Role of Ethnography in Investigating Speech and Language Disorders -- 7.3.1 Participant Observation and the Role of Immersion -- 7.4 Ethnography of Communication -- 7.4.1 Speech Situations, Events, and Acts -- 7.4.2 EC: Creating a Typology -- 7.5 Applying the Typology -- 7.5.1 EC and the Research Interview -- 7.5.2 EC and Adult Daycare Interactions -- 7.6 Summary and Conclusion -- 7.7 Recommended Reading and Resources -- 7.7.1 Listservs and Online Sources -- 8 Conversation Analysis Applied to Disordered Speech and Language -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Development and Principles -- 8.2.1 Approaching Analysis -- 8.2.2 CA and Language -- 8.3 Organizing Talk-in-Interaction -- 8.3.1 Turn-Taking -- 8.3.2 Sequence Organization -- 8.3.3 Repair -- 8.4 Communication Disorders and CA -- 8.4.1 Turn Construction -- 8.4.2 Sequence Organization -- 8.4.3 Repair -- 8.4.4 Co-Construction and Multimodality -- 8.5 Motivations and Future Research -- 8.6 Resources -- 8.6.1 Textbooks -- 8.6.2 Further Reading -- 8.6.3 Useful Websites -- 9 Clinical Sociolinguistics -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Basic Concepts. ; 9.2.1 Speech Community -- 9.2.2 Vernacular -- 9.2.3 Variables -- 9.3 Collecting Data -- 9.3.1 Sampling -- 9.3.2 Eliciting Different Styles of Speech -- 9.3.3 Milroy's Social Network Approach -- 9.4 Data Analysis -- 9.4.1 Correlational Analysis -- 9.4.2 Variable Rules -- 9.5 Clinical Sociolinguistics -- 9.5.1 Applying Sociolinguistics to the Clinic -- 9.5.2 Sociolinguistics of Sign Language -- 9.5.3 Stylistic Variation in Clinical Data -- 9.6 Resources -- 10 The Recording of Audio and Video Data -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Audio and Video Data: Purpose and Method -- 10.3 Audio Recording -- 10.3.1 Digital Audio Signals -- 10.3.2 Recording Device -- 10.3.3 Microphones -- 10.3.4 Audio Playback -- 10.4 Video Recording -- 10.4.1 Video Data in Interactional Studies -- 10.4.2 Video data in Other Areas of Clinical Linguistics -- 10.4.3 Video Recording Considerations -- 10.5 Data Storage and Protection -- 10.5.1 Audio File Formats -- 10.5.2 Data Security and Archiving -- 10.6 Conclusion -- 11 Data Processing: Transcriptional and Impressionistic Methods -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Transcribing Speech -- 11.2.1 Principles of Phonetic Transcription -- 11.2.2 Examples of Phonetic and Multilayered Transcription -- 11.3 Transcribing Linguistic Interaction -- 11.3.1 Conventions Used in Transcribing Conversation -- 11.3.2 Example of a Conversational Transcript -- 11.4 Conclusion and Outlook: Why do We Transcribe, and What is a Transcript? -- 11.5 Resources -- 11.5.1 Further Reading -- 11.5.2 Details of the IA and extIPA -- Appendices -- Appendix 11.A IPA Chart -- Appendix 11.B extIPA Chart -- Appendix 11.C VoQS Chart -- 12 Data Processing: Digital Analysis of Speech Audio Signals -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Representations -- 12.2.1 Speech Signals -- 12.2.2 Transcriptions -- 12.2.3 Parameters -- 12.3 Analysis -- 12.3.1 Measures of Speech Level. ; 12.3.2 Measures of Duration and Rhythm -- 12.3.3 Measures of Phonation Quality -- 12.3.4 Measures of Segmental Quality -- 12.4 Modeling -- 12.4.1 Modeling of Segments -- 12.4.2 Modeling of F0 Contours -- 12.5 Resources -- 12.5.1 Corpus Preparation Tools -- 12.5.2 Speech Analysis Tools -- 12.5.3 Speech Toolkits -- 13 Data Processing: Imaging of Speech Data -- 13.1 The Background to Speech Imaging -- 13.2 What is Speech Imaging? Parameters for Analysis -- 13.3 Neuroimagery: Charting Brain Activity in Speech Production -- 13.4 Imaging the Lower Vocal Tract -- 13.5 Larynx Imaging -- 13.6 Imaging Nasal and Oral Airflow -- 13.7 Imaging the Tongue -- 13.7.1 Palatography -- 13.7.2 Lingual Kinematics: EMA and Ultrasound -- 13.8 Multipurpose Analysis: The Visi-Pitch -- 13.9 Conclusion -- 13.10 Resources -- 14 Data Analysis and Interpretation: Statistical Methods -- 14.1 Doing Statistics: Probability, Hypothesis Testing, Type I Error, Type II Error -- 14.2 Units of Statistical Analysis: Variables -- 14.3 Descriptive Statistics -- 14.4 Skewed Distributions, Outliers, and Data Trimming -- 14.5 Parametric and Non-parametric Statistics -- 14.6 "Doing Stats": Available Software -- 14.7 Conclusion -- 15 AphasiaBank: Data and Methods -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 AphasiaBank -- 15.3 Goals -- 15.4 Protocol Standardization -- 15.5 Transcribing -- 15.6 Error Coding -- 15.7 Analyses -- 15.7.1 CLAN -- 15.7.2 Extensible Markup Language (XML) -- 15.7.3 GEM -- 15.7.4 Lexical and Morphological Coding -- 15.7.5 Lexical Diversity Analysis -- 15.7.6 MORtable -- 15.7.7 Lexical Frequency Analysis -- 15.7.8 COMBO -- 15.7.9 Error Analysis -- 15.8 Syndrome Classification -- 15.9 Content Analysis -- 15.10 Profiles of Recovery Processes -- 15.11 Conclusion -- 16 Disseminating Research: Reading, Writing, and Publishing -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Finding and Reading Literature. ; 16.2.1 Finding Literature.
• Sommario/riassunto: The only volume to offer hands-on information about the wide range of research philosophies, methods and tools used across linguistics, phonetics, and speech science, as applied to disordered speech and language. Covers core topics for students undertaking their own research, including experimental and qualitative methods, sociolinguistics, corpus construction and analysis, data recording, transcription and digital analysis of speech, and speech imaging. Considers the research ethics associated with working with people who have speech, language or other communication difficulties. Includes a detailed discussion of the dissemination of research results, and advice on the writing of theses and dissertations, and on the writing and publishing of journal articles, as well the peer review process. Offers students and researchers from a variety of entry points - such as linguistics, education, psychology, and speech pathology - an introduction to the scope of research in clinical linguistics and phonetics, and a practical guide to this interdisciplinary field.
• Titolo autorizzato: Research methods in clinical linguistics and phonetics
• ISBN: 1-118-34969-5; 1-299-15801-3
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910967179503321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Guides to Research Methods in Language and Linguistics Series