Microglia [[electronic resource] ] : biology, functions and roles in disease / / Charanjit Kaur and Ling Eng-Ang, editors

• Pubblicazione: New York, : Nova Science Publishers, Inc., c2012
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (331 p.)
• Disciplina: 616.8/0471
• Soggetto topico: Nervous system - Degeneration; Microglia
• Altri autori: KaurCharanjit Eng-AngLing
• Note generali: "Nova biomedical."
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- MICROGLIA: BIOLOGY, FUNCTIONS AND ROLES IN DISEASE -- MICROGLIA: BIOLOGY, FUNCTIONS AND ROLES IN DISEASE -- LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOGING-IN-PUBLICATION DATA -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- REFERENCE -- Chapter 1: MICROGLIA IN THE DEVELOPING BRAIN -- ABSTRACT -- ABBREVATIONS -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. MICROGLIAL PHENOTYPES -- 1. Amoeboid Microglia -- 2. Ramified Microglia -- III. LOCALISATION OF MICROGLIAL CELLS IN THE DEVELOPING BRAIN -- 1. Developing Cerebrum -- 2. Developing Cerebellum -- IV. ULTRASTRUCTURAL FEATURES OF AMCS -- V. FUNCTIONS OF MICROGLIA IN THE DEVELOPING BRAIN -- 1. Phagocytosis -- 2. Immune Functions of Microglia -- 3. Iron Acquisition -- 4. Nitric Oxide Production -- 5. Growth Factors -- 6. Microglia in Myelination -- 7. Microglia in Neurogenesis and Astrogenesis -- 8. Microglia and Synapses -- 9. Microglia and Vascularisation -- XIII. MICROGLIA IN DISORDERS OF THE DEVELOPING BRAIN -- 1. Infections -- 2. Periventricular White Matter Damage -- 3. Epilepsy -- 4. Autism -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: THE MYSTIC EMBRYONIC MICROGLIA: ITS ORIGIN, FUNCTION AND SEEDING -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- NEUROECTODERMAL ORIGIN OF MICROGLIA -- MONOCYTIC ORIGIN OF MICROGLIA -- MESODERMAL ORIGIN OF MICROGLIA -- TROUBLESHOOTING -- MIGRATION CHARACTERISTICS OF MICROGLIA -- If Microglia Use the Blood Vessels -- If Microglia Are Derived from Meningeal Sources -- DEVELOPMENTAL ROLES OF MICROGLIA -- Angiogenesis -- Scavengers of Cell Debris -- Synaptics Pruning -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: SOLDIERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: MICROGLIA IN SURVEILLANCE, OFFENSE AND DEFENSE -- ABSTRACT -- SOLDIERS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: MICROGLIA IN SURVEILLANCE, OFFENSE AND DEFENSE -- MARKERS OF MICROGLIA -- MICROGLIA AS SURVEILLANCE CELLS -- MICROGLIA AND DEVELOPMENT -- MICROGLIA AND DISEASE -- Neuron-Glia Interactions. ; Microglia and Pathogens -- Microglia and Neuropathogenesis -- MICROGLIA AND REGENERATION -- THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES AND CHALLENGES -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: MICROGLIA SECRETOME: FROM NEUROTOXINS TO NEUROTROPHINS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. MICROGLIA SECRETOME -- 3. IDENTIFICATION OF SECRETOME COMPONENTS -- 4. NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS -- 4.1. Neuroprotective Cytokines -- 4.2. Growth Factors -- 4.3. Neuroprotective Enzymes -- 4.4. Other Potential Neuroprotective Substances -- 5. NEUROTOXIC FACTORS -- 5.1. Reactive Molecules -- 5.2. Neurotoxic Enzymes -- 5.3. Other Potential Neurotoxic Substances -- 6. FACTORS WITH MULTIPLE EFFECTS -- 6.1. Cytokines -- 6.2. Cathepsins and Cystatins -- 6.3. Other Substances with Multiple Effects -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: THE ROLE OF MICROGLIA IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. NORMAL IMMUNE FUNCTIONS OF MICROGLIA -- 2.1. Microglia as Mediators of CNS Inflammation -- 2.2. The In Vivo Visualization of Activated Microglia -- 3. MICROGLIA IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE -- 3.1. Alzheimer's Disease and other Dementias -- 3.2. Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders -- 3.3. Huntington's Disease -- 3.4. Multiple Sclerosis -- 3.5. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6: MICROGLIA FUNCTION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MICROGLIA FUNCTION IN AD -- Microglia -- Microglia in AD -- Microglia as Target for AD Therapy -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7: BLOOD DERIVED MICROGLIA-LIKE CELLS IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- 1. NEUROPATHOLOGY OF AD AND ACTIVATION OF MICROGLIA -- 1.1. Basic Neuropathological Features of AD -- 1.2. Dual and Opposing Effects of Microglia on Brain Pathology of AD -- 2. BLOOD-DERIVED MONOCYTIC CELLS IN THE AD BRAIN: OPENING OF NOVEL THERAPEUTIC AVENUES?. ; 3. MECHANISMS OF THE ENGRAFTMENT OF BLOOD-DERIVED MONOCYTIC CELLS INTO THE AD BRAIN -- 3.1. Engraftment of Monocytic Cells without Preconditioning -- 3.2. Studies on Animal Models with Preconditioning -- 3.3. Phenotype of the Monocytic Cells that Enter the Brain and the Role of Chemokines and Adhesion Proteins -- 3.4. Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor and Engraftment of Monocytic Cells to the Brain -- 3.5. Potential Role of Prostaglandins in Engraftment of Monocytic Cells tothe Brain -- 3.6. Involvement of Toll Like Receptors and Myd88 in Engraftment ofMonocytic Cells to the Brain -- 4. MECHANISM OF CLEARANCE BY BONE-MARROW DERIVEDMONOCYTIC CELLS -- 4.1. Involvement of Phagocytosis and Lysosomal Pathway -- 4.2 A Special Role of Β-1,4-Mannosyl-Glycoprotein 4-Β-NAcetylglucosaminyltransferase -- 4.3. Other Molecules of Inflammatory Signaling in Ab Clearance by BMDerivedMonocytic Cells -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8: MICROGLIAL FUNCTIONS AGAINST AMYLOID-β ACCUMULATION IN BRAINS OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Aβ AND HYPOTHESIS IN AD PATHOGENESIS -- MICROGLIAL Aβ PHAGOCYTOSIS IN AD BRAIN -- REGULATION OF MICROGLIAL Aβ PHAGOCYTOSIS -- CELL THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES IN AD -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9: MODULATION OF MICROGLIAL REACTION IN BRAIN INJURY BY NOVEL THERAPEUTIC TOOLS BASED ONGENE THERAPY APPROACHES -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. ROLE OF NEUROINFLAMMATION IN HIV-1 ASSOCIATED COGNITIVE DISORDER -- 3. EXPERIMENTAL MODELS -- 4. HIV-1 GP120 ELICITS INCREASES IN DIFFERENT POPULATIONS OF MICROGLIAL CELLS -- 5. THE INCREASE OF CD68-POSITIVE CELLS WAS DOSE- AND TIME-DEPENDENT -- 6. ASTROCYTE PROLIFERATION IN RESPONSE TO GP120 ADMINISTRATION -- 7. NEUROINFLAMMATION CORRELATES WITH NEURON LOSS AFTER GP120 INJECTION. ; 8. RSV40-DELIVERED ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES REDUCE INFLAMMATION CAUSED BY GP120 -- 9. ACTIVATION OF MICROGLIAL CELLS AND ASTROCYTES PROLIFERATION AFTER INJECTION OF SV(GP120) INTO THE CP AND PROTECTION BY RSV40-DELIVERED ANTIOXIDANT ENZYMES -- DISCUSSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10: THE APPLICATION OF INHIBITORS OF MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION IN BRAIN DISEASES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- 1. GLUCOCORTICOIDS -- 2. MINOCYCLINE -- 2.1. Parkinson's Disease -- 2.2. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) -- 2.3. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) -- 3. ENDOCANNABINOIDS -- 3.1. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) -- 3.2. Multiple Sclerosis -- 3.3. Parkinson's Disease -- 4. ACTIVIN -- 5. CHEMOKINES -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 11: MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION IS REDUCED BY PROSTAGLANDIN E2 -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PROSTAGLANDIN E2 IS A REDUCTION FACTOR OF MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION -- PROSTAGLANDIN E2 REDUCES MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION THROUGH EP2 -- OTHER PROSTAGLANDIN E2 RECEPTORS MAY BE INVOLVED IN MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION -- MIROGLIAL ACTIVATION IS AUTO-REGULATED BY PROSTAGLANDIN E2 -- PROSTAGLANDIN D2 MIGHT AFFECT MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION -- PROSTAGLANDIN E2 PRODUCTION IS UP-REGULATED IN CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES -- EFFECT OF PROSTAGLANDIN E2 ON MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION HAS A NEUROPROTECTIVE ASPECT AGAINST CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 12: SYNAPTIC STRIPPING AND BEYOND: MICROGLIA OR ASTROCYTES? -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION AND SYNAPTIC STRIPPING AFTER NERVE INJURY OF MOTOR NEURON -- REDUCED SYNAPTIC ACTIVITIES PRECEDS SYNAPTIC STRIPPING -- POSSIBLE SOURCES OF EXTRACELLULAR NUCLEOTIDES AFTER NERVE INJURY -- DIFFERENTIAL REACTIONS OF PERINEURONAL ASTROCYTES AND MICROGLIA AFTER HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE AXOTOMY -- ASTROCYTE AND MICROGLIA PLAY DISTINCT ROLES IN SYNAPTIC STRIPPING AND CELL FATE DECISION -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- ACKNOWLEGEMENTS. ; REFERENCES -- Chapter 13: MICROGLIA-TO-NEURON COMMUNICATION INSPINAL NOCICEPTIVE PATHWAYS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. NEURON-TO-MICROGLIA AND MICROGLIA-TO-NEURON COMMUNICATION IN NEUROPATHIC PAIN: THE NERVE INJURY MODEL -- 2.1. From Injured Primary Afferent Fibres to Spinal Microglia -- 2.2. Molecular Changes in Activated Spinal Microglia -- 2.3. From Spinal Microglia to DH Neurons -- 3. OTHER MODELS OF MICROGLIA-TO-NEURON COMMUNICATION IN NOCICEPTION -- 3.1. Diabetes-Induced Neuropathic Pain -- 3.2. Morphine and Microglia -- 4. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 14: MICROGLIA IN HUNTINGTON DISEASE -- INTRODUCTION -- HUNTINGTON DISEASE HISTORY -- HD CLINICAL FEATURES -- HD NEUROPATHOLOGY -- HD GENETICS -- HUNTINGTIN FUNCTION -- PUTATIVE MECHANISMS OF MUTANT HTT TOXICITY -- INTRODUCTION TO MICROGLIA -- INFLAMMATION IN HD -- COMPLEMENT SYSTEM AND HD -- NEUROINFLAMMATION IN HD -- PERIPHERAL VS. CENTRAL INFLAMMATION IN HD -- CASPASE INVOLVEMNT IN MICROGLIA ACTIVATION -- CASPASES AND HD -- THE KYNURENINE PATHWAY -- ALTERATIONS IN THE KYNURENINE PATHWAY IN HD -- TARGETING THE KYNURENINE PATHWAY IN HD -- MICROGLIA SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN HD -- IRON REGULATION IN THE BRAIN -- IRON IN HUNTINGTON DISEASE -- THE CANNABINOID SYSTEM -- CANNABINOIDS IN HD -- PERSPECTIVES AND CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 15: THE NEUROINFLAMMATORY ROLE OF SCHWANN CELLS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE -- ABSTRACT -- ABBREVIATIONS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. SCHWANN CELLS ARE IMMUNE COMPETENT CELLS -- 2.1. Schwann Cells as Sensors of Danger within the PNS -- 2.2. Schwann Cells as Immune Effector Cells within the PNS -- 2.3. Schwann Cells as Antigen Presenting Cells? -- 3. THE NEUROINFLAMMATORY ROLE OF SCHWANN CELLS IN DISEASE -- 3.1. A Dysregulated Immune Response is the Driving Force of Inflammatory Neuropathies. ; 3.2. A Secondary Immune Response in Hereditary Neuropathies Contributesto Disease Manifestation.
• Titolo autorizzato: Microglia
• ISBN: 1-61942-252-2
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910826543603321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Cell biology research progress.