Lightning [[electronic resource] ] : properties, formation and types / / Matthew D. Wood, editor

• Pubblicazione: Hauppauge, NY, : Nova Science Publishers, 2011
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (217 p.)
• Disciplina: 551.56/32
• Soggetto topico: Lightning; Atmospheric electricity
• Altri autori: WoodMatthew D
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- LIGHTNING PROPERTIES, FORMATION AND TYPES -- LIGHTNING PROPERTIES, FORMATION AND TYPES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 DYNAMICAL SELF-ORGANIZATION ACTING AS PHYSICAL BASIS OF THE BALL LIGHTNING PHENOMENON -- INTRODUCTION -- EXPERIMENTS WITH RELEVANCE FOR THE BALL LIGHTNING -- CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE BALL LIGHTING -- EXPLANATION OF BALL LIGHTNING CHARACTERISTICS -- CONCLUSIONS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIGHTNING AND ITS PAST AND FUTURE INVESTIGATION -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. TYPES OF EXTRATERRESTRIAL ELECTRICAL DISCHARGES -- 2.1. Lightning -- 2.2. Transient Luminous Events -- 2.3. Lightning in Dust and Volcanic Plumes -- 3. LIGHTNING DETECTION ON THE JOVIAN PLANETS -- 3.1. Jupiter -- 3.2. Saturn -- 3.3. Uranus and Neptune -- 4. THE CONTROVERSIAL CASE OF VENUS LIGHTNING -- 4.1. Electromagnetic Detection of Lightning-Related Signals -- 4.1.1. The Venera missions -- 4.1.2. Pioneer Venus Orbiter (PVO) -- 4.1.3. Venus Express -- 4.1.4. The Galileo and Cassini fly-bys -- 4.2. Detection of Optical Signals -- 5. AN EPISTOMOLOGICAL POINT OF VIEW ON THE PROBLEM -- 6. PAST AND FUTURE INVESTIGATION OF TERRESTRIAL AND EXTRATERRESTRIAL LIGHTNING -- 6.1. Investigation of Terrestrial Lightning from Space -- 6.2. Future Missions and the Dual-Phenomenology Approach for Extraterrestrial Lightning Investigations -- 6.3. Laboratory Simulations -- 6.4. Ground-Based Radio Observations -- 6.5. Summary of Current and Future Space Mission for Lightning Investigation -- ACKNOWLEDGMENT -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 3 RECENT STUDIES OF SCHUMANN RESONANCE AND ELF TRANSIENTS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. EFFECTS CONNECTED WITH THE NON-UNIFORMITIES IN THE LOWER IONOSPHERE -- 2.1. Seismic Effects in the SR Band -- 2.2. Formal Proofs of the Detection of the SR Line Splitting -- 2.3. The Impact of Solar Proton Events. ; 2.4. The Impact of Extra-Solar Gamma Ray Busts -- 3. SR AND GLOBAL TEMPERATURE -- 3.1. The North-South Migration of Thunderstorm Activity -- 3.2. SR Intensity and Land Temperature -- 3.2.1. Hungarian global thermometer -- 3.2.2. Japanese global thermometer -- 4. NEW SUBJECTS FOR SR STUDIES -- 4.1. SR on Other Planets: TITAN (Cassini Mission / Huygens Probe) -- 4.2. New SR Observatory at Spitzbergen -- 4.3. Sprites and ELF Transients -- 4.4. Biological Effects of SRs -- 5. NEW RESULTS IN THE OLD PROBLEMS -- 5.1. The Solution of Inverse SR Problem -- 5.2. 'Terminator Effect' -- 5.3. The Location of Q-Bursts and the Relevant Accuracy -- 5.4. A Comparison of Waveforms of Q-Bursts (Observation versus Theory) -- 5.5. Parameters of Thunderstorms Inferred from the OTD Data -- 6. CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 EDUCATIONAL COMPUTER SIMULATIONS OF LIGHTNING AND ASSOCIATED THUNDERS -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. Historical Background -- 1.2. The Lightning Mechanism -- 1.3. The Sound of a Thunder -- 1.4. Educational Aspect of the Present Work -- 2. THE SIMULATION MODEL -- 3. COMPUTER AND PROGRAMMING TOOLS -- 4. RESULTS -- 5. CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter5LIGHTNINGINPROTOPLANETARYDISKS -- 1.Introduction -- 1.1.ProtoplanetaryDisks -- 1.2.ProblemsofPlanetFormationTheory -- 1.3.ElectromagneticProcessesinProtoplanetaryDisks -- 2.DustChargeduetoPlasmaAbsorption -- 3.DustChargeduetoCollisionofIceDust -- 3.1.EarlierStudiesonDiskLightning -- 3.2.IntroductiontotheModelandtheTwoQuestions -- 3.3.TheDiskModel -- 3.4.ChargeExchangeEquations -- 3.5.FluffyDustModel -- 3.6.CollisionalCrossSectionandContactSurfaceofChargedFluffyDust -- 3.7.ChargeSeparationProcesses -- 3.7.1.SurfaceChargeExchangeI-LargerDustIsAnionic -- 3.7.2.SurfaceChargeExchangeII-LargerDustIsCationic -- 3.8.RelativeVelocity -- 3.9.TheChargeEquilibriumEquations. ; 3.10.Results-FourPhasesofChargeSeparation -- 3.10.1.Ion-electronPlasmaPhase -- 3.10.2.Ion-dustPlasmaPhase -- 3.10.3.Charge-upPhase -- 3.10.4.DustPhase -- 3.11.ConclusionoftheSection-PlasmawithCharge-SeparatingIceDust -- 4.ProtoplanetaryDiskLightning -- 4.1.CriticalDustNumberDensityforLightning -- 4.2.NumericalSimulationsforUniform-boxLightningEstimation -- 4.3.AnalyticFormulaeforLightningConditions -- 4.3.1.AnalyticFormulaeforCharge-upPhase/DustPhaseBoundary -- 4.3.2.AnalyticFormulaforIcritinDustPhase -- 4.3.3.AnalyticFormulaforIcritinCharge-upPhase -- 4.3.4.TheCombinedAnalyticFormulaforIcrit -- 4.4.ConclusionoftheSection-Uniform-boxModelforProtoplanetaryDiskLightning -- 5.ResistiveMagnetohydrodynamicSimulation-TowardstheMorphologyofDiskLightning -- 5.1.TheTwo-dimensionalModelforDiskLightning -- 5.2.TheSimulationResult -- 6.PossibleObservations -- 6.1.EnergeticsandDirectObservations -- 6.1.1.AstronomicallyLowFrequency(ALF)Waves -- 6.1.2.Infrared(IR)Observations -- 6.1.3.Ultraviolet(UV)Observations -- 6.1.4.HighEnergyGammaRays -- 6.2.ImplicationonChondruleFormations -- 6.3.LimitationstotheObservations -- 7.Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 BALL LIGHTNING AS AN OPTICAL INCOHERENT SPACE SPHERICAL SOLITON* -- INTRODUCTION -- BEHAVIOR OF OPTICAL INCOHERENT SPACE SPHERICAL SOLITONS IN THE ATMOSPHERE -- Abstract -- HOW A SOLITON FINDS HOLES, SPLITS, CHIMNEYS TO PENETRATE -- HOW SOLITON PENETRATES A ROOM THROUGH A SMALL SPLIT -- HOW SOLITON PENETRATES A ROOM THROUGH GLASS WINDOW PANES -- OTHER PUZZLES OF SOLITON MOTION -- SPEED OF SOLITON MOTION -- HOW A SOLITON CATCHES FLYING AIRPLANES -- SOLITON BEHAVIOR NEAR METALLIC OBJECTS -- LARGE SOLITON AND FLYING SAUCERS ARE THE SAME -- WHY DIRECTIONS OF WIND AND SOLITON MOTION CAN BE DIFFERENT -- WHY THE SOLITON SEEMS COLD -- WHY SOLITON HISSES AND CAUSES RADIO INTERFERENCES. ; WHY THE SOLITON MAY BE VARIOUSLY COLORED -- SOLITON DISAPPEARANCE -- PROTECTION AGAINST BALL LIGHTS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- SPACE SPHERICAL SOLITONS AND NATURAL RADIOACTIVE DECAY -- Abstract -- INTERACTION OF A SET OF IDENTICAL OSCILLATORS IN A FORM OF THE SELF-CONFINED WAVE FUNCTION -- THE EXPERIMENTAL DATA ABOUT A CHANGE OF SPEED OF RADIOACTIVE DECAY WITH A CHANGE OF EXTERNAL CONDITIONS -- THEORETICAL PRECONDITIONS FOR INCREASING SPEED OF NATURAL RADIOACTIVE DECAY -- Interaction of two Interconnected Oscillators -- Interaction of a Set of Oscillators -- Effect of Repeated Long Interaction -- THE ANALYSIS OF THE PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN EXPERIMENTS ACCOMPANIED BY NUCLEAR CONVERSIONS -- POSSIBLE TYPES OF NUCLEAR DECAYS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 AN OVERVIEW OF CLOUD-TO-GROUND LIGHTNING RESEARCH IN BRAZIL IN THE LAST TWO DECADES* -- ABSTRACT -- 1. BRIEF HISTORY -- 2. LIGHTNING CHARACTERISTICS -- 2.1. Density -- 2.2. Polarity -- 2.3. Peak Current -- 2.4. Multiplicity -- CONCLUSIONS -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- REFERENCES -- INDEX -- Blank Page.
• Titolo autorizzato: Lightning
• ISBN: 1-61122-674-0
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910824550403321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Earth Sciences in the 21st Century