Fundamentals of anatomy & physiology / / Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew

• Autore: Martini Frederic
• Pubblicazione: Boston : , : Pearson, , 2015
• Edizione: Tenth edition, global edition.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (1,279 pages) : illustrations (some color)
• Disciplina: 612
• Soggetto topico: Human physiology; Human anatomy
• Persona (resp. second.): NathJudi Lindsley; BartholomewEdwin F.
• Note generali: Includes index.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Cover -- Title -- Preface -- Contents -- UNIT 1 Levels of Organization -- 1 An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology -- An Introduction to Studying the Human Body -- 1-1 Anatomy and physiology directly affect your life -- 1-2 Anatomy is structure, and physiology is function -- 1-3 Anatomy and physiology are closely integrated -- Anatomy -- Physiology -- 1-4 Levels of organization progress from molecules to a complete organism -- 1-5 Homeostasis is the state of internal balance -- 1-6 Negative feedback opposes variations from normal, whereas positive feedback exaggerates them -- The Role of Negative Feedback in Homeostasis -- The Role of Positive Feedback in Homeostasis -- Systems Integration, Equilibrium, and Homeostasis -- 1-7 Anatomical terms describe body regions, anatomical positions and directions, and body sections -- Superficial Anatomy -- Sectional Anatomy -- 1-8 Body cavities of the trunk protect internal organs and allow them to change shape -- The Thoracic Cavity -- The Abdominopelvic Cavity -- Chapter Review -- Spotlight -- Levels of Organization -- Diagnostic Imaging Techniques -- Clinical Case -- Using A&P to Save a Life -- Clinical Note -- Autopsies and Cadaver Dissection -- Auscultation -- 2 The Chemical Level of Organization -- An Introduction to the Chemical Level of Organization -- 2-1 Atoms are the basic particles of matter -- Atomic Structure -- Elements and Isotopes -- Atomic Weights -- Electrons and Energy Levels -- 2-2 Chemical bonds are forces formed by atom interactions -- Ionic Bonds -- Covalent Bonds -- Hydrogen Bonds -- States of Matter -- 2-3 Decomposition, synthesis, and exchange reactions are important chemical reactions in physiology -- Basic Energy Concepts -- Types of Chemical Reactions -- 2-4 Enzymes catalyze specific biochemical reactions by lowering the energy needed to start them. ; 2-5 Inorganic compounds lack carbon, and organic compounds contain carbon -- 2-6 Physiological systems depend on water -- The Properties of Aqueous Solutions -- Colloids and Suspensions -- 2-7 Body fluid pH is vital for homeostasis -- 2-8 Acids, bases, and salts are inorganic compounds with important physiological roles -- Salts -- Buffers and pH Control -- 2-9 Carbohydrates contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio -- Monosaccharides -- Disaccharides and Polysaccharides -- 2-10 Lipids often contain a carbon-to-hydrogen ratio of 1:2 -- Fatty Acids -- Eicosanoids -- Glycerides -- Steroids -- Phospholipids and Glycolipids -- 2-11 Proteins contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen and are formed from amino acids -- Protein Structure -- Protein Shape -- Enzyme Function -- Glycoproteins and Proteoglycans -- 2-12 DNA and RNA are nucleic acids -- Structure of Nucleic Acids -- RNA and DNA -- 2-13 ATP is a high-energy compound used by cells -- 2-14 Chemicals and their interactions form functional units called cells -- Chapter Review -- Spotlight -- Chemical Notation -- Clinical Case -- What Is Wrong with My Baby? -- Clinical Note -- Radiation Sickness -- Fatty Acids and Health -- 3 The Cellular Level of rganization -- An Introduction to Cells -- 3-1 The plasma membrane separates the cell from its surrounding environment and performs various functions -- Membrane Lipids -- Membrane Proteins -- Membrane Carbohydrates -- 3-2 Organelles within the cytoplas perform particular functions -- The Cytosol -- The Organelles -- 3-3 The nucleus contains DNA and enzymes essential for controlling cellular activities -- Contents of the Nucleus -- Information Storage in the Nucleus -- 3-4 DNA controls protein synthesis, cell structure, and cell function -- The Role of Gene Activation in Protein Synthesis -- The Transcription of mRNA. ; Translation and Protein Synthesis -- How the Nucleus Controls Cell Structure and Function -- 3-5 Diffusion is a passive transport mechanism that assists membrane passage -- Diffusion -- Diffusion across Plasma Membranes -- 3-6 Carrier-mediated and vesicular transport assist membrane passage -- Carrier-Mediated Transport -- Vesicular Transport -- 3-7 The membrane potential results from the unequal distribution of positive and negative charges across the plasma membrane -- 3-8 Stages of a cell's life cycle include interphase, mitosis, and cytokinesis -- DNA Replication -- Interphase, Mitosis, and Cytokinesis -- The Mitotic Rate and Energy Use -- 3-9 Several growth factors affect the cell life cycle -- 3-10 Tumors and cancers are characterized by abnormal cell growth and division -- 3-11 Differentiation is cellular specialization as a result of gene activation or repression -- Chapter Review -- Spotlight -- Anatomy of a Model Cell -- Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Packaging -- Overview of Membrane Transport -- DNA Replication -- Stages of a Cell's Life Cycle -- Clinical Case -- When Your Heart Is in the Wrong Place -- Clinical Notes -- Inheritable Mitochondrial Disorders -- DNA Fingerprinting -- Mutations -- Drugs and the Plasma Membrane -- Telomerase, Aging, and Cancer -- Parkinson's disease -- 4 The Tissue Level of Organization -- An Introduction to the Tissue Level of Organization -- 4-1 The four tissue types are epithelial, connective, muscle, and neural -- 4-2 Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces, lines cavities and tubular structures, and serves essential functions -- Functions of Epithelial Tissue -- Specializations of Epithelial Cells -- Maintaining the Integrity of Epithelia -- 4-3 Cell shape and number of layers determine the classification of epithelia -- Classification of Epithelia -- Glandular Epithelia. ; 4-4 Connective tissue provides a protective structural framework for other tissue types -- Classification of Connective Tissues -- Connective Tissue Proper -- 4-5 Cartilage and bone provide a strong supporting framework -- Cartilage -- Bone -- 4-6 Tissue membranes are physical barriers of four types: mucous, serous, cutaneous, and synovial -- Mucous Membranes -- Serous Membranes -- The Cutaneous Membrane -- Synovial Membranes -- 4-7 Connective tissue creates the internal framework of the body -- 4-8 The three types of muscle tissue are skeletal, cardiac, and smooth -- Skeletal Muscle Tissue -- Cardiac Muscle Tissue -- Smooth Muscle Tissue -- 4-9 Neural tissue responds to stimuli and propagates electrical impulses throughout the body -- 4-10 The response to tissue injury involves inflammation and regeneration -- Inflammation -- Regeneration -- 4-11 With advancing age, tissue repair declines and cancer rates increase -- Aging and Tissue Structure -- Aging and Cancer Incidence -- Chapter Review -- Spotlight -- Inflammation and Regeneration -- Clinical Case -- The Rubber Girl -- Clinical Note -- Exfoliative Cytology -- Marfan's Syndrome -- UNIT 2 Support and Movement -- 5 The Integumentary System -- An Introduction to the Integumentary System -- 5-1 The epidermis is composed of layers with various functions -- Stratum Basale -- Stratum Spinosum -- Stratum Granulosum -- Stratum Lucidum -- Stratum Corneum -- 5-2 Factors influencing skin color are epidermal pigmentation and dermal circulation -- The Role of Epidermal Pigmentation -- The Role of Dermal Circulation -- 5-3 Sunlight causes epidermal cells to convert a steroid into vitamin D3 -- 5-4 Epidermal growth factor has several effects on the epidermis and epithelia -- 5-5 The dermis is the tissue layer that supports the epidermis -- Dermal Strength and Elasticity -- Cleavage Lines. ; The Dermal Blood Supply -- Innervation of the Skin -- 5-6 The hypodermis connects the dermis to underlying tissues -- 5-7 Hair is composed of keratinized dead cells that have been pushed to the surface -- Hair Production -- The Hair Growth Cycle -- Types of Hairs -- Hair Color -- 5-8 Sebaceous glands and sweat glands are exocrine glands found in the skin -- Sebaceous Glands -- Sweat Glands -- Other Integumentary Glands -- Control of Glandular Secretions and the Homeostatic Role of the Integument -- 5-9 Nails are keratinized epidermal cells that protect the tips of fingers and toes -- 5-10 Several phases are involved in repairing the integument following an injury -- 5-11 Effects of aging include skin thinning, wrinkling, and reduced melanocyte activity -- Chapter Review -- Spotlight -- The Epidermis -- Clinical Case -- Skin Cells in Overdrive -- Clinical Note -- skin cancer -- Decubitis Ulcers -- Liposuction -- Burns and Grafts -- Skin Abnormalities -- 6 Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure -- An Introduction to the Skeletal System -- 6-1 The skeletal system has five primary functions -- 6-2 Bones are classified according to shape and structure, and they have a variety of surface markings -- Bone Shapes -- Bone Markings -- Bone Structure -- 6-3 Bone is composed of matrix and several types of cells: osteocytes, osteoblasts, osteogenic cells, and osteoclasts -- Bone Matrix -- Bone Cells. -- 6-4 Compact bone contains parallel osteons, and spongy bone contains trabeculae -- Compact Bone Structure -- Spongy Bone Structure -- The Periosteum and Endosteum -- 6-5 Bones form through ossification and enlarge through appositional growth and remodeling -- Endochondral Ossification -- Intramembranous Ossification -- The Blood and Nerve Supplies to Bone -- 6-6 Bone growth and development depend on a balance between bone formation and bone resorption. ; 6-7 Exercise, hormones, and nutrition affect bone development and the skeletal system.
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• Altri titoli varianti: Fundamentals of anatomy and physiology
• Titolo autorizzato: Fundamentals of anatomy & physiology
• ISBN: 1-292-06864-7
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910154797903321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
• Serie: Always learning.