Antenna Theory : Analysis and Design

• Autore: Balanis Constantine A
• Pubblicazione: Hoboken : , : John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, , 2016; ©2016
• Edizione: 4th ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (1095 pages)
• Disciplina: 621.382/4
• Soggetto topico: Antennas (Electronics)
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- About the Companion Website -- Chapter 1 Antennas -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Types of Antennas -- 1.2.1 Wire Antennas -- 1.2.2 Aperture Antennas -- 1.2.3 Microstrip Antennas -- 1.2.4 Array Antennas -- 1.2.5 Reflector Antennas -- 1.2.6 Lens Antennas -- 1.3 Radiation Mechanism -- 1.3.1 Single Wire -- 1.3.2 Two-Wires -- 1.3.3 Dipole -- 1.3.4 Computer Animation-Visualization of Radiation Problems -- 1.4 Current Distribution on a Thin Wire Antenna -- 1.5 Historical Advancement -- 1.5.1 Antenna Elements -- 1.5.2 Methods of Analysis -- 1.5.3 Some Future Challenges -- 1.6 Multimedia -- References -- Chapter 2 Fundamental Parameters and Figures-of-Merit of Antennas -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Radiation Pattern -- 2.2.1 Radiation Pattern Lobes -- 2.2.2 Isotropic, Directional, and Omnidirectional Patterns -- 2.2.3 Principal Patterns -- 2.2.4 Field Regions -- 2.2.5 Radian and Steradian -- 2.3 Radiation Power Density -- 2.4 Radiation Intensity -- 2.5 Beamwidth -- 2.6 Directivity -- 2.6.1 Directional Patterns -- 2.6.2 Omnidirectional Patterns -- 2.7 Numerical Techniques -- 2.8 Antenna Efficiency -- 2.9 Gain, Realized Gain -- 2.10 Beam Efficiency -- 2.11 Bandwidth -- 2.12 Polarization -- 2.12.1 Linear, Circular, and Elliptical Polarizations -- 2.12.2 Polarization Loss Factor and Efficiency -- 2.13 Input Impedance -- 2.14 Antenna Radiation Efficiency -- 2.15 Antenna Vector Effective Length and Equivalent Areas -- 2.15.1 Vector Effective Length -- 2.15.2 Antenna Equivalent Areas -- 2.16 Maximum Directivity and Maximum Effective Area -- 2.17 Friis Transmission Equation and Radar Range Equation -- 2.17.1 Friis Transmission Equation -- 2.17.2 Radar Range Equation -- 2.17.3 Antenna Radar Cross Section -- 2.18 Antenna Temperature -- 2.19 Multimedia -- References -- Problems. ; Chapter 3 Radiation Integrals and Auxiliary Potential Functions -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 The Vector Potential A for an Electric Current Source J -- 3.3 The Vector Potential F for A Magnetic Current Source M -- 3.4 Electric and Magnetic Fields for Electric (J) and Magnetic (M) Current Sources -- 3.5 Solution of the Inhomogeneous Vector Potential Wave Equation -- 3.6 Far-Field Radiation -- 3.7 Duality Theorem -- 3.8 Reciprocity and Reaction Theorems -- 3.8.1 Reciprocity for Two Antennas -- 3.8.2 Reciprocity for Antenna Radiation Patterns -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 4 Linear Wire Antennas -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Infinitesimal Dipole -- 4.2.1 Radiated Fields -- 4.2.2 Power Density and Radiation Resistance -- 4.2.3 Radian Distance and Radian Sphere -- 4.2.4 Near-Field (kr ≪ 1) Region -- 4.2.5 Intermediate-Field (kr > -- 1) Region -- 4.2.6 Far-Field (kr ≫ 1) Region -- 4.2.7 Directivity -- 4.3 Small Dipole -- 4.4 Region Separation -- 4.4.1 Far-Field (Fraunhofer) Region -- 4.4.2 Radiating Near-Field (Fresnel) Region -- 4.4.3 Reactive Near-Field Region -- 4.5 Finite Length Dipole -- 4.5.1 Current Distribution -- 4.5.2 Radiated Fields: Element Factor, Space Factor, and Pattern Multiplication -- 4.5.3 Power Density, Radiation Intensity, and Radiation Resistance -- 4.5.4 Directivity -- 4.5.5 Input Resistance -- 4.5.6 Finite Feed Gap -- 4.6 Half-Wavelength Dipole -- 4.7 Linear Elements Near or On Infinite Perfect Electric Conductors (PEC), Perfect Magnetic Conductors (PMC) and Electromagnetic Band-Gap (EBG) Surfaces -- 4.7.1 Ground Planes: Electric and Magnetic -- 4.7.2 Image Theory -- 4.7.3 Vertical Electric Dipole -- 4.7.4 Approximate Formulas for Rapid Calculations and Design -- 4.7.5 Mobile Communication Devices and Antennas for Mobile Communication Systems -- 4.7.6 Horizontal Electric Dipole -- 4.8 Ground Effects. ; 4.8.1 Vertical Electric Dipole -- 4.8.2 Horizontal Electric Dipole -- 4.8.3 PEC, PMC and EBG Surfaces -- 4.8.4 Earth Curvature -- 4.9 Computer Codes -- 4.10 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 5 Loop Antennas -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Small Circular Loop -- 5.2.1 Radiated Fields -- 5.2.2 Small Loop and Infinitesimal Magnetic Dipole -- 5.2.3 Power Density and Radiation Resistance -- 5.2.4 Near-Field (kr ≪ 1) Region -- 5.2.5 Far-Field (kr ≫ 1) Region -- 5.2.6 Radiation Intensity and Directivity -- 5.2.7 Equivalent Circuit -- 5.3 Circular Loop of Constant Current -- 5.3.1 Radiated Fields -- 5.3.2 Power Density, Radiation Intensity, Radiation Resistance, and Directivity -- 5.4 Circular Loop with Nonuniform Current -- 5.4.1 Arrays -- 5.4.2 Design Procedure -- 5.5 Ground and Earth Curvature Effects for Circular Loops -- 5.6 Polygonal Loop Antennas -- 5.7 Ferrite Loop -- 5.7.1 Radiation Resistance -- 5.7.2 Ferrite-Loaded Receiving Loop -- 5.8 Mobile Communication Systems Applications -- 5.9 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 6 Arrays: Linear, Planar, and Circular -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Two-Element Array -- 6.3 N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Amplitude and Spacing -- 6.3.1 Broadside Array -- 6.3.2 Ordinary End-Fire Array -- 6.3.3 Phased (Scanning) Array -- 6.3.4 Hansen-Woodyard End-Fire Array -- 6.4 N-Element Linear Array: Directivity -- 6.4.1 Broadside Array -- 6.4.2 Ordinary End-Fire Array -- 6.4.3 Hansen-Woodyard End-Fire Array -- 6.5 Design Procedure -- 6.6 N-Element Linear Array: Three-Dimensional Characteristics -- 6.6.1 N-Elements Along Z-Axis -- 6.6.2 N-Elements Along X- or Y-Axis -- 6.7 Rectangular-to-Polar Graphical Solution -- 6.8 N-Element Linear Array: Uniform Spacing, Nonuniform Amplitude -- 6.8.1 Array Factor -- 6.8.2 Binomial Array -- 6.8.3 Dolph-Tschebyscheff Array: Broadside. ; 6.8.4 Tschebysheff Design: Scanning -- 6.9 Superdirectivity -- 6.9.1 Efficiency and Directivity -- 6.9.2 Designs with Constraints -- 6.10 Planar Array -- 6.10.1 Array Factor -- 6.10.2 Beamwidth -- 6.10.3 Directivity -- 6.11 Design Considerations -- 6.12 Circular Array -- 6.12.1 Array Factor -- 6.13 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 7 Antenna Synthesis and Continuous Sources -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Continuous Sources -- 7.2.1 Line-Source -- 7.2.2 Discretization of Continuous Sources -- 7.3 Schelkunoff Polynomial Method -- 7.4 Fourier Transform Method -- 7.4.1 Line-Source -- 7.4.2 Linear Array -- 7.5 Woodward-Lawson Method -- 7.5.1 Line-Source -- 7.5.2 Linear Array -- 7.6 Taylor Line-Source (Tschebyscheff-Error) -- 7.6.1 Design Procedure -- 7.7 Taylor Line-Source (One-Parameter) -- 7.8 Triangular, Cosine, and Cosine-Squared Amplitude Distributions -- 7.9 Line-Source Phase Distributions -- 7.10 Continuous Aperture Sources -- 7.10.1 Rectangular Aperture -- 7.10.2 Circular Aperture -- 7.11 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 8 Integral Equations, Moment Method, and Self and Mutual Impedances -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Integral Equation Method -- 8.2.1 Electrostatic Charge Distribution -- 8.2.2 Integral Equation -- 8.3 Finite Diameter Wires -- 8.3.1 Pocklington's Integral Equation -- 8.3.2 Hallén's Integral Equation -- 8.3.3 Source Modeling -- 8.4 Moment Method Solution -- 8.4.1 Basis (Expansion) Functions -- 8.4.2 Weighting (Testing) Functions -- 8.5 Self-Impedance -- 8.5.1 Integral Equation-Moment Method -- 8.5.2 Induced EMF Method -- 8.6 Mutual Impedance Between Linear Elements -- 8.6.1 Integral Equation-Moment Method -- 8.6.2 Induced EMF Method -- 8.7 Mutual Coupling in Arrays -- 8.7.1 Coupling in the Transmitting Mode -- 8.7.2 Coupling in the Receiving Mode -- 8.7.3 Mutual Coupling on Array Performance. ; 8.7.4 Coupling in an Infinite Regular Array -- 8.7.5 Active Element Pattern in an Array -- 8.8 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 9 Broadband Dipoles and Matching Techniques -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Biconical Antenna -- 9.2.1 Radiated Fields -- 9.2.2 Input Impedance -- 9.3 Triangular Sheet, Flexible and Conformal Bow-Tie, and Wire Simulation -- 9.4 Vivaldi Antenna -- 9.5 Cylindrical Dipole -- 9.5.1 Bandwidth -- 9.5.2 Input Impedance -- 9.5.3 Resonance and Ground Plane Simulation -- 9.5.4 Radiation Patterns -- 9.5.5 Equivalent Radii -- 9.6 Folded Dipole -- 9.7 Discone and Conical Skirt Monopole -- 9.8 Matching Techniques -- 9.8.1 Stub-Matching -- 9.8.2 Quarter-Wavelength Transformer -- 9.8.3 Baluns and Transformers -- 9.9 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 10 Traveling Wave and Broadband Antennas -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Traveling Wave Antennas -- 10.2.1 Long Wire -- 10.2.2 V Antenna -- 10.2.3 Rhombic Antenna -- 10.3 Broadband Antennas -- 10.3.1 Helical Antenna -- 10.3.2 Electric-Magnetic Dipole -- 10.3.3 Yagi-Uda Array of Linear Elements -- 10.3.4 Yagi-Uda Array of Loops -- 10.4 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 11 Frequency Independent Antennas, Antenna Miniaturization, and Fractal Antennas -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Theory -- 11.3 Equiangular Spiral Antennas -- 11.3.1 Planar Spiral -- 11.3.2 Conical Spiral -- 11.4 Log-Periodic Antennas -- 11.4.1 Planar and Wire Surfaces -- 11.4.2 Dipole Array -- 11.4.3 Design of Dipole Array -- 11.5 Fundamental Limits of Electrically Small Antennas -- 11.6 Antenna Miniaturization -- 11.6.1 Monopole Antenna -- 11.6.2 Patch Antennas -- 11.6.3 Antenna Miniaturization Using Metamaterials -- 11.7 Fractal Antennas -- 11.8 Multimedia -- References -- Problems -- Chapter 12 Aperture Antennas -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Field Equivalence Principle: Huygens' Principle. ; 12.3 Radiation Equations.
• Sommario/riassunto: Updated with color and gray scale illustrations, a companion website housing supplementary material, and new sections covering recent developments in antenna analysis and design This book introduces the fundamental principles of antenna theory and explains how to apply them to the analysis, design, and measurements of antennas. Due to the variety of methods of analysis and design, and the different antenna structures available, the applications covered in this book are made to some of the most basic and practical antenna configurations. Among these antenna configurations are linear dipoles; loops; arrays; broadband antennas; aperture antennas; horns; microstrip antennas; and reflector antennas. The text contains sufficient mathematical detail to enable undergraduate and beginning graduate students in electrical engineering and physics to follow the flow of analysis and design. Readers should have a basic knowledge of undergraduate electromagnetic theory, including Maxwell's equations and the wave equation, introductory physics, and differential and integral calculus. Presents new sections on flexible and conformal bowtie, Vivaldi antenna, antenna miniaturization, antennas for mobile communications, dielectric resonator antennas, and scale modeling Provides color and gray scale figures and illustrations to better depict antenna radiation characteristics Includes access to a companion website housing MATLAB programs, Java-based applets and animations, Power Point notes, Java-based interactive questionnaires and a solutions manual for instructors Introduces over 100 additional end-of-chapter problems Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, Fourth Edition is designed to meet the needs of senior undergraduate and beginning graduate level students in electrical engineering and physics, as well as practicing engineers and antenna designers. Constantine A. Balanis received his BSEE degree from the Virginia Tech in 1964, his MEE degree from the University of Virginia in 1966, his PhD in Electrical Engineering from The Ohio State University in 1969, and an Honorary Doctorate from the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki in 2004. From 1964 to 1970, he was with the NASA Langley Research Center in Hampton, VA, and from 1970 to 1983, he was with the Department of Electrical Engineering of West Virginia University. In 1983 he joined Arizona State University and is now Regents' Professor of Electrical Engineering. Dr. Balanis is also a life fellow of the IEEE.
• Titolo autorizzato: Antenna theory
• ISBN: 9781119178989; 9781118642061
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910958440303321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II