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Particle physics : an introduction / / Robert Purdy
| Particle physics : an introduction / / Robert Purdy |
| Autore | Purdy Robert |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Duxbury, Massachusetts : , : Mercury Learning and Information, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (441 pages) |
| Disciplina | 415 |
| Collana | Providing an Essential Overview of the Topic, These Books Provide a Concise Introduction to the Essential Fields of Physics |
| Soggetto topico | Particles (Nuclear physics) |
| Soggetto non controllato |
accelerators
atoms colliders detectors quarks string theory |
| ISBN |
1-68392-875-X
1-68392-876-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: A History of Particle Physics -- 1.1 Atomic Theory -- 1.2 Atomic Structure -- 1.3 Forces and Interactions -- 1.4 Strange and Unexpected Developments -- 1.5 Strangeness -- 1.6 Quarks and Symmetries -- 1.7 The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 1.8 The Current State of the Field -- 1.9 Exercises -- Chapter 2: Special Relativity -- 2.1 Lorentz Transformations -- 2.1.1 Scalars, Vectors, and Reference Frames -- 2.1.2 Special Relativity -- 2.1.3 Minkowski Space -- 2.2 Energy and Momentum in Minkowski Space -- 2.2.1 Example Calculation -- 2.2.2 Invariant Mass -- 2.3 Exercises -- Chapter 3: Quantum Mechanics -- 3.1 States and Operators -- 3.2 The Schrödinger Equation -- 3.3 Probability Current -- 3.4 Angular Momentum and Spin -- 3.5 Spin 1/2 Particles and the Pauli Matrices -- 3.6 The Hamiltonian -- 3.6.1 The Lagrangian -- 3.7 Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism: The Schrödinger Approach -- 3.8 Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism: The Pauli Equation -- 3.9 Exercises -- Chapter 4: Symmetries and Groups -- 4.1 The Importance of Symmetry in Physics -- 4.2 Discrete Symmetries -- 4.2.1 Mathematical Structure of Discrete Symmetries -- 4.2.2 Discrete Symmetries in Particle Physics -- 4.3 Continuous Symmetries -- 4.3.1 Mathematical Structure of Continuous Symmetries -- 4.3.2 Continuous Symmetries in Particle Physics -- 4.4 Exercises -- Chapter 5: Experimental Particle Physics -- 5.1 Detectors -- 5.1.1 Interactions of Particles with Matter -- 5.1.2 Early Detectors -- 5.1.3 Modern Detectors -- 5.2 Accelerators -- 5.2.1 Linear Accelerators -- 5.2.2 Cyclotrons -- 5.2.3 Synchrotrons -- 5.3 Measurable Quantities in Particle Physics: Matching Theory to Experiment -- 5.3.1 Cross-Sections -- 5.3.2 Lifetimes -- 5.4 Exercises -- Chapter 6: Particle Classification.
6.1 The Spin-Statistics Theorem -- 6.2 The Strong Force -- 6.2.1 Isospin -- 6.2.2 Flavor SU (3) -- 6.3 Color -- 6.4 Building Hadrons -- 6.4.1 Quark Content -- 6.4.2 Mass -- 6.4.3 Resonances -- 6.4.4 Larger Flavor Symmetries -- 6.5 Exercises -- Chapter 7: Relativistic Quantum Mechanics -- 7.1 The Klein-Gordon Equation -- 7.1.1 A Relativistic Schrödinger Equation -- 7.1.2 Solutions of the Klein-Gordon Equation -- 7.1.3 Conserved Current -- 7.2 The Maxwell and Proca Equations -- 7.2.1 Derivation of the Maxwell Equation -- 7.2.2 Solutions of the Maxwell Equation -- 7.2.3 Including Mass: The Proca Equation -- 7.2.4 Spin of Vector Particles -- 7.3 Combining Equations: How Do Particles Interact? -- 7.3.1 Quantum Field Theory Without the Maths -- 7.3.2 Feynman Rules -- 7.4 Exercises -- Chapter 8: The Dirac Equation -- 8.1 A Linear Relativistic Equation -- 8.2 Representations of the Gamma Matrices -- 8.2.1 The Dirac Representation -- 8.2.2 The Weyl Representation -- 8.3 Spinors and Lorentz Transformations -- 8.4 Solutions of the Dirac Equation -- 8.4.1 Basis Spinors -- 8.4.2 Spin -- 8.4.3 Antiparticles -- 8.4.4 Helicity -- 8.4.5 Chirality -- 8.5 Massless Particles -- 8.6 Charge Conjugation -- 8.7 Dirac, Weyl, and Majorana Spinors -- 8.8 Bilinear Covariants -- 8.9 Exercises -- Chapter 9: Quantum Electrodynamics -- 9.1 U(1) Symmetry in Wave Equations -- 9.2 Localizing the U(1) Symmetry -- 9.3 The Link with Classical Physics -- 9.4 A Well-Tested Theory -- 9.5 Calculations in QED -- 9.5.1 Feynman Rules for QED -- 9.5.2 Calculating Amplitudes -- 9.5.3 Calculating the Differential Cross-Section -- 9.6 Beyond Leading Order: Renormalization -- 9.7 Form Factors and Structure Functions -- 9.7.1 Electromagnetic Form Factors -- 9.7.2 Structure Functions and the Quark Model -- 9.8 Exercises -- Chapter 10: Non-Abelian Gauge Theory and Color. 10.1 Non-Abelian Symmetry in the Dirac Equation -- 10.1.1 SU(3) and Color -- 10.1.2 Localizing the SU(3) Symmetry -- 10.2 Gluon Self-Interactions -- 10.3 Strong Force Interactions -- 10.3.1 Quantum Chromodynamics -- 10.3.2 Scale-Dependence -- 10.4 High-Energy QCD -- 10.4.1 Asymptotic Freedom -- 10.4.2 Perturbative QCD -- 10.5 Low-Energy QCD -- 10.5.1 Quark Confinement -- 10.5.2 The Residual Nuclear Force -- 10.5.3 Perturbative and Lattice QCD -- 10.6 Exotic Matter -- 10.6.1 Pentaquarks and Tetraquarks -- 10.6.2 Glueballs -- 10.6.3 Quark-Gluon Plasma -- 10.7 Exercises -- Chapter 11: Symmetry Breaking and The Higgs Mechanism -- 11.1 The Weak Force as a Boson-Mediated Interaction -- 11.1.1 P Violation -- 11.1.2 C Violation -- 11.2 Renormalizability and the Need for Symmetry -- 11.3 Hidden Symmetry -- 11.3.1 Toy Model 1: Z2 Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.2 Toy Model 2: U(1) Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.3 Local U(1) Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.4 The Higgs Mechanism: SU(2) x U(1) Breaking -- 11.4 Electroweak Interactions -- 11.4.1 Hypercharge and Weak Isospin -- 11.5 Exercises -- Chapter 12: The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 12.1 Putting It All Together -- 12.2 Fermion Masses -- 12.3 Quark Mixing and the CKM Matrix -- 12.3.1 The Cabibbo Hypothesis -- 12.3.2 Neutral Mesons -- 12.3.3 More General Quark Mixing -- 12.4 CP Violation in the Weak Sector -- 12.4.1 The Electron Electric Dipole Moment -- 12.5 Successes of the Standard Model -- 12.5.1 Anomaly Cancelation -- 12.6 Problems with the Standard Model -- 12.6.1 Baryogenesis -- 12.6.2 The Hierarchy Problem -- 12.6.3 The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment -- 12.6.4 The Strong CP Problem -- 12.7 Exercises -- Chapter 13: Beyond the Standard Model -- 13.1 Neutrino Oscillations and the PMNS Matrix -- 13.2 The See-Saw Mechanism -- 13.3 Grand Unification -- 13.3.1 SU(5) as an Example GUT -- 13.3.2 Magnetic Monopoles. 13.4 Supersymmetry -- 13.5 Problems with Standard Model Extensions -- 13.6 Gravitons -- 13.6.1 Can We Go Further Than Spin-2? -- 13.6.2 Problems with Gravity -- 13.7 Axions -- 13.8 Dark Matter -- 13.8.1 Axions -- 13.8.2 Sterile Neutrinos -- 13.8.3 Lightest Supersymmetric Particle -- 13.8.4 Something New -- 13.9 Dark Energy and Inflation -- 13.9.1 Inflation -- 13.9.2 Dark Energy -- 13.10 The Future of Particle Physics -- 13.11 Exercises -- Appendix A: Elementary Particle Properties and Other Useful Quantities -- Appendix B: Feynman Rules -- Appendix C: Gamma Matrix Identities -- Bibliography -- Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910780583203321 |
Purdy Robert
|
||
| Duxbury, Massachusetts : , : Mercury Learning and Information, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Particle physics : an introduction / / Robert Purdy
| Particle physics : an introduction / / Robert Purdy |
| Autore | Purdy Robert |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Duxbury, Massachusetts : , : Mercury Learning and Information, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (441 pages) |
| Disciplina | 415 |
| Collana | Providing an Essential Overview of the Topic, These Books Provide a Concise Introduction to the Essential Fields of Physics |
| Soggetto topico | Particles (Nuclear physics) |
| Soggetto non controllato |
accelerators
atoms colliders detectors quarks string theory |
| ISBN |
1-68392-875-X
1-68392-876-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Half-Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: A History of Particle Physics -- 1.1 Atomic Theory -- 1.2 Atomic Structure -- 1.3 Forces and Interactions -- 1.4 Strange and Unexpected Developments -- 1.5 Strangeness -- 1.6 Quarks and Symmetries -- 1.7 The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 1.8 The Current State of the Field -- 1.9 Exercises -- Chapter 2: Special Relativity -- 2.1 Lorentz Transformations -- 2.1.1 Scalars, Vectors, and Reference Frames -- 2.1.2 Special Relativity -- 2.1.3 Minkowski Space -- 2.2 Energy and Momentum in Minkowski Space -- 2.2.1 Example Calculation -- 2.2.2 Invariant Mass -- 2.3 Exercises -- Chapter 3: Quantum Mechanics -- 3.1 States and Operators -- 3.2 The Schrödinger Equation -- 3.3 Probability Current -- 3.4 Angular Momentum and Spin -- 3.5 Spin 1/2 Particles and the Pauli Matrices -- 3.6 The Hamiltonian -- 3.6.1 The Lagrangian -- 3.7 Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism: The Schrödinger Approach -- 3.8 Quantum Mechanics and Electromagnetism: The Pauli Equation -- 3.9 Exercises -- Chapter 4: Symmetries and Groups -- 4.1 The Importance of Symmetry in Physics -- 4.2 Discrete Symmetries -- 4.2.1 Mathematical Structure of Discrete Symmetries -- 4.2.2 Discrete Symmetries in Particle Physics -- 4.3 Continuous Symmetries -- 4.3.1 Mathematical Structure of Continuous Symmetries -- 4.3.2 Continuous Symmetries in Particle Physics -- 4.4 Exercises -- Chapter 5: Experimental Particle Physics -- 5.1 Detectors -- 5.1.1 Interactions of Particles with Matter -- 5.1.2 Early Detectors -- 5.1.3 Modern Detectors -- 5.2 Accelerators -- 5.2.1 Linear Accelerators -- 5.2.2 Cyclotrons -- 5.2.3 Synchrotrons -- 5.3 Measurable Quantities in Particle Physics: Matching Theory to Experiment -- 5.3.1 Cross-Sections -- 5.3.2 Lifetimes -- 5.4 Exercises -- Chapter 6: Particle Classification.
6.1 The Spin-Statistics Theorem -- 6.2 The Strong Force -- 6.2.1 Isospin -- 6.2.2 Flavor SU (3) -- 6.3 Color -- 6.4 Building Hadrons -- 6.4.1 Quark Content -- 6.4.2 Mass -- 6.4.3 Resonances -- 6.4.4 Larger Flavor Symmetries -- 6.5 Exercises -- Chapter 7: Relativistic Quantum Mechanics -- 7.1 The Klein-Gordon Equation -- 7.1.1 A Relativistic Schrödinger Equation -- 7.1.2 Solutions of the Klein-Gordon Equation -- 7.1.3 Conserved Current -- 7.2 The Maxwell and Proca Equations -- 7.2.1 Derivation of the Maxwell Equation -- 7.2.2 Solutions of the Maxwell Equation -- 7.2.3 Including Mass: The Proca Equation -- 7.2.4 Spin of Vector Particles -- 7.3 Combining Equations: How Do Particles Interact? -- 7.3.1 Quantum Field Theory Without the Maths -- 7.3.2 Feynman Rules -- 7.4 Exercises -- Chapter 8: The Dirac Equation -- 8.1 A Linear Relativistic Equation -- 8.2 Representations of the Gamma Matrices -- 8.2.1 The Dirac Representation -- 8.2.2 The Weyl Representation -- 8.3 Spinors and Lorentz Transformations -- 8.4 Solutions of the Dirac Equation -- 8.4.1 Basis Spinors -- 8.4.2 Spin -- 8.4.3 Antiparticles -- 8.4.4 Helicity -- 8.4.5 Chirality -- 8.5 Massless Particles -- 8.6 Charge Conjugation -- 8.7 Dirac, Weyl, and Majorana Spinors -- 8.8 Bilinear Covariants -- 8.9 Exercises -- Chapter 9: Quantum Electrodynamics -- 9.1 U(1) Symmetry in Wave Equations -- 9.2 Localizing the U(1) Symmetry -- 9.3 The Link with Classical Physics -- 9.4 A Well-Tested Theory -- 9.5 Calculations in QED -- 9.5.1 Feynman Rules for QED -- 9.5.2 Calculating Amplitudes -- 9.5.3 Calculating the Differential Cross-Section -- 9.6 Beyond Leading Order: Renormalization -- 9.7 Form Factors and Structure Functions -- 9.7.1 Electromagnetic Form Factors -- 9.7.2 Structure Functions and the Quark Model -- 9.8 Exercises -- Chapter 10: Non-Abelian Gauge Theory and Color. 10.1 Non-Abelian Symmetry in the Dirac Equation -- 10.1.1 SU(3) and Color -- 10.1.2 Localizing the SU(3) Symmetry -- 10.2 Gluon Self-Interactions -- 10.3 Strong Force Interactions -- 10.3.1 Quantum Chromodynamics -- 10.3.2 Scale-Dependence -- 10.4 High-Energy QCD -- 10.4.1 Asymptotic Freedom -- 10.4.2 Perturbative QCD -- 10.5 Low-Energy QCD -- 10.5.1 Quark Confinement -- 10.5.2 The Residual Nuclear Force -- 10.5.3 Perturbative and Lattice QCD -- 10.6 Exotic Matter -- 10.6.1 Pentaquarks and Tetraquarks -- 10.6.2 Glueballs -- 10.6.3 Quark-Gluon Plasma -- 10.7 Exercises -- Chapter 11: Symmetry Breaking and The Higgs Mechanism -- 11.1 The Weak Force as a Boson-Mediated Interaction -- 11.1.1 P Violation -- 11.1.2 C Violation -- 11.2 Renormalizability and the Need for Symmetry -- 11.3 Hidden Symmetry -- 11.3.1 Toy Model 1: Z2 Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.2 Toy Model 2: U(1) Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.3 Local U(1) Symmetry Breaking -- 11.3.4 The Higgs Mechanism: SU(2) x U(1) Breaking -- 11.4 Electroweak Interactions -- 11.4.1 Hypercharge and Weak Isospin -- 11.5 Exercises -- Chapter 12: The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 12.1 Putting It All Together -- 12.2 Fermion Masses -- 12.3 Quark Mixing and the CKM Matrix -- 12.3.1 The Cabibbo Hypothesis -- 12.3.2 Neutral Mesons -- 12.3.3 More General Quark Mixing -- 12.4 CP Violation in the Weak Sector -- 12.4.1 The Electron Electric Dipole Moment -- 12.5 Successes of the Standard Model -- 12.5.1 Anomaly Cancelation -- 12.6 Problems with the Standard Model -- 12.6.1 Baryogenesis -- 12.6.2 The Hierarchy Problem -- 12.6.3 The Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment -- 12.6.4 The Strong CP Problem -- 12.7 Exercises -- Chapter 13: Beyond the Standard Model -- 13.1 Neutrino Oscillations and the PMNS Matrix -- 13.2 The See-Saw Mechanism -- 13.3 Grand Unification -- 13.3.1 SU(5) as an Example GUT -- 13.3.2 Magnetic Monopoles. 13.4 Supersymmetry -- 13.5 Problems with Standard Model Extensions -- 13.6 Gravitons -- 13.6.1 Can We Go Further Than Spin-2? -- 13.6.2 Problems with Gravity -- 13.7 Axions -- 13.8 Dark Matter -- 13.8.1 Axions -- 13.8.2 Sterile Neutrinos -- 13.8.3 Lightest Supersymmetric Particle -- 13.8.4 Something New -- 13.9 Dark Energy and Inflation -- 13.9.1 Inflation -- 13.9.2 Dark Energy -- 13.10 The Future of Particle Physics -- 13.11 Exercises -- Appendix A: Elementary Particle Properties and Other Useful Quantities -- Appendix B: Feynman Rules -- Appendix C: Gamma Matrix Identities -- Bibliography -- Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910807335203321 |
|
Purdy Robert
|
||
| Duxbury, Massachusetts : , : Mercury Learning and Information, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Silicon Nanodevices
| Silicon Nanodevices |
| Autore | Radamson Henry |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Basel, : MDPI Books, 2022 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 electronic resource (238 p.) |
| Soggetto topico | Technology: general issues |
| Soggetto non controllato |
silicon
yolk−shell structure anode lithium-ion batteries in-plane nanowire site-controlled epitaxial growth germanium nanowire-based quantum devices HfO2/Si0.7Ge0.3 gate stack ozone oxidation Si-cap interface state density passivation GOI photodetectors dark current responsivity prussian blue nanoparticles organotrialkoxysilane silica beads arsenite arsenate water decontamination vertical gate-all-around (vGAA) digital etch quasi-atomic-layer etching (q-ALE) selective wet etching HNO3 concentration doping effect vertical Gate-all-around (vGAA) p+-Ge0.8Si0.2/Ge stack dual-selective wet etching atomic layer etching (ALE) stacked SiGe/Si epitaxial grown Fin etching FinFET short-term potentiation (STP) long-term potentiation (LTP) charge-trap synaptic transistor band-to-band tunneling pattern recognition neural network neuromorphic system Si-MOS quantum dot spin qubits quantum computing GeSn CVD lasers detectors transistors III-V on Si heteroepitaxy threading dislocation densities (TDDs) anti-phase boundaries (APBs) selective epitaxial growth (SEG) |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910595076903321 |
|
Radamson Henry
|
||
| Basel, : MDPI Books, 2022 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
THz: Research Frontiers for New Sources, Imaging and Other Advanced Technologies
| THz: Research Frontiers for New Sources, Imaging and Other Advanced Technologies |
| Autore | Lupi Stefano |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Basel, Switzerland, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 electronic resource (188 p.) |
| Soggetto topico | Research & information: general |
| Soggetto non controllato |
terahertz
free electron laser energy recovery THz spectroscopy free-electron-lasers nonlinear optics THz waveguide spectroscopy coating materials particle accelerators leaky-wave antennas metasurface liquid crystals graphene FEL copper damage surface coherent synchrotron radiation low alpha cross-correlation pump-probe terahertz spectroscopy terahertz time-domain spectroscopy terahertz pulsed imaging near-field imaging biomedical imaging cancer diagnosis endoscopy infrared analysis microspectroscopy cultural heritage synchrotron radiation niobium proximity effects superconductivity detectors Vortex dynamics bunch length linac far infrared spectroscopy imaging THz source high-brightness electron beams laser comb technique optical indices nonlinear effects optical rectification organic crystals HMQ-TMS waveguides THz detector THz imaging |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Altri titoli varianti | THz |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910557511003321 |
|
Lupi Stefano
|
||
| Basel, Switzerland, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||