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Environmental radioactivity and emergency preparedness / / Mats Isaksson, Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, Christopher L. Raaf, Medical Physics, Departme
| Environmental radioactivity and emergency preparedness / / Mats Isaksson, Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden, Christopher L. Raaf, Medical Physics, Departme |
| Autore | Isaksson Mats <1961, > |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Boca Raton, FL : , : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, , [2017] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (807 pages) : illustrations |
| Disciplina | 363.738 |
| Collana | Series in Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering |
| Soggetto topico |
environmental impact
radioactivity disaster risk reduction Radioactive pollution Radiation, Background Radiation - Environmental aspects |
| ISBN |
1-315-37287-8
1-315-35555-8 1-4822-4465-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | chapter 1. Sources of radiation -- chapter 2. Radiation biology and radiation dosimetry -- chapter 3. Environmental exposure pathways and models -- chapter 4. Radiometry -- chapter 5. Sampling and sample preparation for radiometry -- chapter 6. Nuclear and radiological safety -- chapter 7. Emergency preparedness. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910158574603321 |
Isaksson Mats <1961, >
|
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| Boca Raton, FL : , : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, , [2017] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Nuclear and radiochemistry : fundamentals and applications / / Jens -Volker Kratz
| Nuclear and radiochemistry : fundamentals and applications / / Jens -Volker Kratz |
| Autore | Kratz Jens-Volker |
| Edizione | [Fourth edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, Germany : , : Wiley-VCH, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (973 pages) |
| Disciplina | 541.38 |
| Soggetto topico |
Nuclear chemistry
Radiochemistry nuclear chemistry nuclear energy radioactivity radioactive materials organic pollution nuclear safety nuclear fuel environmental impact |
| ISBN |
3-527-83194-0
3-527-83193-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Chapter 1 Fundamental Concepts -- 1.1 The Atom -- 1.2 Atomic Processes -- 1.3 Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus -- 1.4 Nuclear Decay Types -- 1.5 Some Physical Concepts Needed in Nuclear Chemistry -- 1.5.1 Fundamental Forces -- 1.5.2 Elements from Classical Mechanics -- 1.5.3 Relativistic Mechanics -- 1.5.4 The de Broglie Wavelength -- 1.5.5 Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle -- 1.5.6 The Standard Model of Particle Physics -- 1.5.7 Force Carriers -- Reference -- Further Reading -- Chapter 2 Radioactivity in Nature -- 2.1 Discovery of Radioactivity -- 2.2 Radioactive Substances in Nature -- 2.3 Nuclear Forensics -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 3 Radioelements and Radioisotopes and Their Atomic Masses -- 3.1 Periodic Table of the Elements -- 3.2 Isotopes and the Chart of Nuclides -- 3.3 Nuclide Masses and Binding Energies -- 3.4 Evidence for Shell Structure in Nuclei -- 3.5 Precision Mass Spectrometry -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 4 Other Physical Properties of Nuclei -- 4.1 Nuclear Radii -- 4.2 Nuclear Angular Momenta -- 4.3 Magnetic Dipole Moments -- 4.4 Electric Quadrupole Moments -- 4.5 Statistics and Parity -- 4.6 Excited States -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 5 The Nuclear Force and Nuclear Structure -- 5.1 Nuclear Forces -- 5.2 Charge Independence and Isospin -- 5.3 Nuclear Matter -- 5.4 Fermi Gas Model -- 5.5 Shell Model -- 5.6 Collective Motion in Nuclei -- 5.7 Nilsson Model -- 5.8 The Pairing Force and Quasi‐Particles -- 5.9 Macroscopic-Microscopic Model -- 5.10 Interacting Boson Approximation -- 5.11 Further Collective Excitations: Coulomb Excitation, High‐Spin States, Giant Resonances -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 6 Decay Modes -- 6.1 Nuclear Instability and Nuclear Spectroscopy -- 6.2 Alpha Decay -- 6.2.1 Hindrance Factors.
6.2.2 Alpha‐Decay Energies -- 6.3 Cluster Radioactivity -- 6.4 Proton Radioactivity -- 6.5 Spontaneous Fission -- 6.6 Beta Decay -- 6.6.1 Fundamental Processes -- 6.6.2 Electron Capture‐to‐Positron Ratios -- 6.6.3 Nuclear Matrix Elements -- 6.6.4 Parity Non‐Conservation -- 6.6.5 Massive Vector Bosons -- 6.6.6 Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Matrix -- 6.7 Electromagnetic Transitions -- 6.7.1 Multipole Order and Selection Rules -- 6.7.2 Transition Probabilities -- 6.7.3 Internal Conversion Coefficients -- 6.7.4 Angular Correlations -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 7 Radioactive Decay Kinetics -- 7.1 Law and Energy of Radioactive Decay -- 7.2 Radioactive Equilibria -- 7.3 Secular Radioactive Equilibrium -- 7.4 Transient Radioactive Equilibrium -- 7.5 Half‐Life of Mother Nuclide Shorter than Half‐Life of Daughter Nuclide -- 7.6 Similar Half‐Lives -- 7.7 Branching Decay -- 7.8 Successive Transformations -- Reference -- Further Reading -- Chapter 8 Nuclear Radiation -- 8.1 General Properties -- 8.2 Heavy Charged Particles (A≥1) -- 8.3 Beta Radiation -- 8.4 Gamma Radiation -- 8.5 Neutrons -- 8.6 Short‐Lived Elementary Particles in Atoms and Molecules -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 9 Measurement of Nuclear Radiation -- 9.1 Activity and Counting Rate -- 9.2 Gas‐Filled Detectors -- 9.2.1 Ionization Chambers -- 9.2.2 Proportional Counters -- 9.2.3 Geiger-Müller Counters -- 9.3 Scintillation Detectors -- 9.4 Semiconductor Detectors -- 9.5 Choice of Detectors -- 9.6 Spectrometry -- 9.7 Determination of Absolute Disintegration Rates -- 9.8 Use of Coincidence and Anticoincidence Circuits -- 9.9 Low‐Level Counting -- 9.10 Neutron Detection and Measurement -- 9.11 Track Detectors -- 9.11.1 Photographic Emulsions and Autoradiography -- 9.11.2 Dielectric Track Detectors -- 9.11.3 Cloud Chambers -- 9.11.4 Bubble Chambers -- 9.11.5 Spark Chambers. 9.12 Detectors Used in Health Physics -- 9.12.1 Portable Counters and Survey Meters -- 9.12.2 Film Badges -- 9.12.3 Pocket Ion Chambers -- 9.12.4 Thermoluminescence Dosimeters -- 9.12.5 Contamination Monitors -- 9.12.6 Whole‐Body Counters -- Reference -- Further Reading -- Chapter 10 Statistical Considerations in Radioactivity Measurements -- 10.1 Distribution of Random Variables -- 10.2 Probability and Probability Distributions -- 10.3 Maximum Likelihood -- 10.4 Experimental Applications -- 10.5 Statistics of Pulse‐Height Distributions -- 10.6 Statistical Assessments of Lifetimes in Decay Chains of Odd‐Z Heavy Elements -- 10.7 Setting Upper Limits when no Counts Are Observed -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 11 Techniques in Nuclear Chemistry -- 11.1 Special Aspects of the Chemistry of Radionuclides -- 11.1.1 Short‐Lived Radionuclides and the Role of Carriers -- 11.1.2 Radionuclides of High Specific Activity -- 11.1.3 Microamounts of Radioactive Substances -- 11.1.4 Radiocolloids -- 11.1.5 Tracer Techniques -- 11.2 Target Preparation -- 11.3 Measuring Beam Intensity and Fluxes -- 11.4 Neutron Spectrum in Nuclear Reactors -- 11.4.1 Thermal Neutrons -- 11.4.2 Epithermal Neutrons and Resonances -- 11.4.3 Reaction Rates in Thermal Reactors -- 11.5 Production of Radionuclides -- 11.5.1 Production in Nuclear Reactors -- 11.5.2 Production by Accelerators -- 11.5.3 Separation Techniques -- 11.5.4 Radionuclide Generators -- 11.6 Use of Recoil Momenta -- 11.7 Preparation of Samples for Activity Measurements -- 11.8 Determination of Half‐Lives -- 11.9 Decay‐Scheme Studies -- 11.10 In‐Beam Nuclear Reaction Studies -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 12 Nuclear Reactions -- 12.1 Collision Kinematics -- 12.2 Coulomb Trajectories -- 12.3 Cross Sections -- 12.4 Elastic Scattering -- 12.5 Elastic Scattering and Reaction Cross Section. 12.6 Optical Model -- 12.7 Nuclear Reactions and Models -- 12.7.1 Investigation of Nuclear Reactions -- 12.7.2 Compound Nucleus Model -- 12.7.3 Precompound Decay -- 12.7.4 Direct Reactions -- 12.7.5 Photonuclear Reactions -- 12.7.6 Fission -- 12.7.7 High‐Energy Reactions -- 12.8 Nuclear Reactions Revisited with Heavy Ions -- 12.8.1 Heavy‐Ion Fusion Reactions -- 12.8.2 Quasi‐Fission -- 12.8.3 Deep Inelastic Collisions -- 12.8.3.1 The 238U + 238U Reaction -- 12.8.3.2 Isotope Distributions at Fixed Z Below Z & -- equals -- 92 -- 12.8.3.3 Bombarding‐Energy Dependence of the Deep‐Inelastic Collisions -- 12.8.3.4 Isotope Distributions at Fixed Z Above Z & -- equals -- 92 -- 12.8.3.5 The 238U + 248Cm Reaction -- 12.8.3.6 Comparison of the Element Yields with Diffusion‐Model Predictions -- 12.8.4 "Simple" (Quasi‐elastic) Reactions at the Barrier -- 12.8.5 "Complex" Transfer Reactions -- 12.8.6 Relativistic Heavy‐Ion Collisions, the Phases of Nuclear Matter -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 13 Chemical Effects of Nuclear Transmutations -- 13.1 General Aspects -- 13.2 Recoil Effects -- 13.3 Excitation Effects -- 13.4 Gases and Liquids -- 13.5 Solids -- 13.6 Szilard-Chalmers Reactions -- 13.7 Recoil Labeling and Self‐labeling -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 14 Influence of Chemical Bonding on Nuclear Properties -- 14.1 Survey -- 14.2 Dependence of Half‐Lives on Chemical Bonding -- 14.3 Dependence of Radiation Emission on the Chemical Environment -- 14.4 Mössbauer Spectrometry -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 15 Nuclear Energy, Nuclear Reactors, Nuclear Fuel, and Fuel Cycles -- 15.1 Energy Production by Nuclear Fission -- 15.2 Nuclear Fuel and Fuel Cycles -- 15.3 Production of Uranium and Uranium Compounds -- 15.4 Fuel Elements -- 15.5 Nuclear Reactors, Moderators, and Coolants -- 15.6 The Chernobyl and Fukushima Accidents. 15.7 Reprocessing -- 15.8 Radioactive Waste -- 15.9 The Natural Reactors at Oklo -- 15.10 Controlled Thermonuclear Reactors -- 15.11 Nuclear Explosives -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 16 Sources of Nuclear Bombarding Particles -- 16.1 Neutron Sources -- 16.2 Neutron Generators -- 16.3 Research Reactors -- 16.4 Charged‐Particle Accelerators -- 16.4.1 Direct Voltage Accelerators -- 16.4.2 Linear Accelerators -- 16.4.3 Cyclotrons -- 16.4.4 Synchrocyclotrons, Synchrotrons -- 16.4.5 Radioactive Ion Beams -- 16.4.5.1 FAIR - The Universe in the Lab -- 16.4.5.2 Research at FAIR -- 16.4.5.2 The Particle Accelerator Facility of FAIR and GSI -- 16.4.5.3 Construction of FAIR -- 16.4.5.4 International Partners -- 16.4.5.5 High Tech for FAIR -- 16.4.6 Photon Sources -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 17 Radioelements -- 17.1 Natural and Artificial Radioelements -- 17.2 Technetium and Promethium -- 17.3 Production of Transuranic Elements -- 17.3.1 Hot‐Fusion Reactions -- 17.3.2 Cold‐Fusion Reactions -- 17.3.3 48Ca‐Induced Fusion Reactions -- 17.3.4 Other Disciplines -- 17.4 Cross Sections -- 17.5 Nuclear Structure of Superheavy Elements -- 17.6 Spectroscopy of Actinides and Transactinides -- 17.7 Properties of the Actinides -- 17.8 Chemical Properties of the Transactinides -- 17.8.1 Prediction of Electron Configurations and the Architecture of the Periodic Table of the Elements -- 17.8.2 Methods to Investigate the Chemistry of the Transactinides -- 17.8.3 Selected Experimental Results -- References -- Further Reading -- Chapter 18 Radionuclides in Geo‐ and Cosmochemistry -- 18.1 Natural Abundances of the Elements and Isotope Variations -- 18.2 General Aspects of Cosmochemistry -- 18.3 Early Stages of the Universe -- 18.4 Synthesis of the Elements in the Stars -- 18.4.1 Evolution of Stars -- 18.4.2 Evolution of the Earth. 18.4.3 Thermonuclear Reaction Rates. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910686488503321 |
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Kratz Jens-Volker
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| Weinheim, Germany : , : Wiley-VCH, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Radiation research
| Radiation research |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, N.Y., : Academic Press, 1954- |
| Disciplina | 539.7 |
| Soggetto topico |
Radioactivity
Radiation Radiobiology Radioactivité Rayonnement Radiobiologie radioactivity |
| Soggetto genere / forma |
Periodical
Periodicals. |
| ISSN | 1938-5404 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Periodico |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNISA-996335944203316 |
| New York, N.Y., : Academic Press, 1954- | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno | ||
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Radiation research
| Radiation research |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, N.Y., : Academic Press, 1954- |
| Disciplina | 539.7 |
| Soggetto topico |
Radioactivity
Radiation Radiobiology Radioactivité Rayonnement Radiobiologie radioactivity |
| Soggetto genere / forma |
Periodical
Periodicals. |
| ISSN | 1938-5404 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Periodico |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910142204303321 |
| New York, N.Y., : Academic Press, 1954- | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Soggetto topico
-
radioactivity
(4)
- Radiation (2)
- Radioactivity (2)
- Radioactivité (2)
- Radiobiologie (2)