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4G wireless video communications / / Haohong Wang ... [et al.]
4G wireless video communications / / Haohong Wang ... [et al.]
Autore Wang Haohong
Edizione [1st edition]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Chichester, U.K. : , : Wiley, , 2009
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (422 p.)
Disciplina 621.384
Altri autori (Persone) WangHaohong <1973->
Collana Wireless communications and mobile computing
Soggetto topico Multimedia communications
Wireless communication systems
Video telephone
ISBN 1-282-68155-9
9786612681554
0-470-74516-9
0-470-74517-7
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto -- Forward xiii -- Preface xv -- About the Authors xxi -- About the Series Editors xxv -- 1 Introduction 1 -- 1.1 Why 4G? 1 -- 1.2 4G Status and Key Technologies 3 -- 1.2.1 3GPP LTE 3 -- 1.2.2 Mobile WiMAX 4 -- 1.3 Video Over Wireless 5 -- 1.3.1 Video Compression Basics 5 -- 1.3.2 Video Coding Standards 9 -- 1.3.3 Error Resilience 10 -- 1.3.4 Network Integration 12 -- 1.3.5 Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Video Delivery 14 -- 1.4 Challenges and Opportunities for 4G Wireless Video 15 -- References 17 -- 2 Wireless Communications and Networking 19 -- 2.1 Characteristics and Modeling of Wireless Channels 19 -- 2.1.1 Degradation in Radio Propagation 19 -- 2.1.2 Rayleigh Fading Channel 20 -- 2.2 Adaptive Modulation and Coding 23 -- 2.2.1 Basics of Modulation Schemes 23 -- 2.2.2 System Model of AMC 25 -- 2.2.3 Channel Quality Estimation and Prediction 26 -- 2.2.4 Modulation and Coding Parameter Adaptation 28 -- 2.2.5 Estimation Error and Delay in AMC 30 -- 2.2.6 Selection of Adaptation Interval 30 -- 2.3 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 31 -- 2.3.1 Background 31 -- 2.3.2 System Model and Implementation 31 -- 2.3.3 Pros and Cons 33 -- 2.4 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Systems 34 -- 2.4.1 MIMO System Model 34 -- 2.4.2 MIMO Capacity Gain: Multiplexing 35 -- 2.4.3 MIMO Diversity Gain: Beamforming 35 -- 2.4.4 Diversity-Multiplexing Trade-offs 35 -- 2.4.5 Space-Time Coding 36 -- 2.5 Cross-Layer Design of AMC and HARQ 37 -- 2.5.1 Background 38 -- 2.5.2 System Modeling 39 -- 2.5.3 Cross-Layer Design 41 -- 2.5.4 Performance Analysis 44 -- 2.5.5 Performance 45 -- 2.6 Wireless Networking 47 -- 2.6.1 Layering Network Architectures 48 -- 2.6.2 Network Service Models 50 -- 2.6.3 Multiplexing Methods 51 -- 2.6.4 Connection Management in IP-Based Data Networks 53 -- 2.6.5 QoS Handoff 54 -- 2.7 Summary 55 -- References 56 -- 3 Video Coding and Communications 59 -- 3.1 Digital Video Compression / Why and How Much? 59 -- 3.2 Basics 60 -- 3.2.1 Video Formats 60 -- 3.3 Information Theory 64.
3.3.1 Entropy and Mutual Information 65 -- 3.3.2 Encoding of an Information Source 66 -- 3.3.3 Variable Length Coding 68 -- 3.3.4 Quantization 71 -- 3.4 Encoder Architectures 73 -- 3.4.1 DPCM 73 -- 3.4.2 Hybrid Transform-DPCM Architecture 77 -- 3.4.3 A Typical Hybrid Transform DPCM-based Video Codec 79 -- 3.4.4 Motion Compensation 82 -- 3.4.5 DCT and Quantization 83 -- 3.4.6 Procedures Performed at the Decoder 84 -- 3.5 Wavelet-Based Video Compression 86 -- 3.5.1 Motion-Compensated Temporal Wavelet Transform Using Lifting 90 -- References 94 -- 4 4G Wireless Communications and Networking 97 -- 4.1 IMT-Advanced and 4G 97 -- 4.2 LTE 99 -- 4.2.1 Introduction 101 -- 4.2.2 Protocol Architecture 102 -- 4.2.3 LTE Layer 2 107 -- 4.2.4 The Evolution of Architecture 110 -- 4.2.5 LTE Standardization 110 -- 4.3 WIMAX-IEEE 802.16m 112 -- 4.3.1 Network Architecture 113 -- 4.3.2 System Reference Model 114 -- 4.3.3 Protocol Structure 114 -- 4.3.4 Other Functions Supported by IEEE 802.16m for Further Study 125 -- 4.4 3GPP2 UMB 125 -- 4.4.1 Architecture Reference Model 126 -- 4.4.2 Layering Architecture and Protocols 127 -- Acknowledgements 133 -- References 133 -- 5 Advanced Video Coding (AVC)/H.264 Standard 135 -- 5.1 Digital Video Compression Standards 135 -- 5.2 AVC/H.264 Coding Algorithm 138 -- 5.2.1 Temporal Prediction 139 -- 5.2.2 Spatial Prediction 147 -- 5.2.3 The Transform 148 -- 5.2.4 Quantization and Scaling 151 -- 5.2.5 Scanning 151 -- 5.2.6 Variable Length Lossless Codecs 152 -- 5.2.7 Deblocking Filter 155 -- 5.2.8 Hierarchy in the Coded Video 156 -- 5.2.9 Buffers 158 -- 5.2.10 Encapsulation/Packetization 159 -- 5.2.11 Profiles 160 -- 5.2.12 Levels 163 -- 5.2.13 Parameter Sets 167 -- 5.2.14 Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) 167 -- 5.2.15 Subjective Tests 168 -- References 168 -- 6 Content Analysis for Communications 171 -- 6.1 Introduction 171 -- 6.2 Content Analysis 173 -- 6.2.1 Low-Level Feature Extraction 174 -- 6.2.2 Image Segmentation 179 -- 6.2.3 Video Object Segmentation 185.
6.2.4 Video Structure Understanding 200 -- 6.2.5 Analysis Methods in Compressed Domain 208 -- 6.3 Content-Based Video Representation 209 -- 6.4 Content-Based Video Coding and Communications 212 -- 6.4.1 Object-Based Video Coding 212 -- 6.4.2 Error Resilience for Object-Based Video 215 -- 6.5 Content Description and Management 217 -- 6.5.1 MPEG-7 217 -- 6.5.2 MPEG-21 219 -- References 219 -- 7 Video Error Resilience and Error Concealment 223 -- 7.1 Introduction 223 -- 7.2 Error Resilience 224 -- 7.2.1 Resynchronization Markers 224 -- 7.2.2 Reversible Variable Length Coding (RVLC) 225 -- 7.2.3 Error-Resilient Entropy Coding (EREC) 226 -- 7.2.4 Independent Segment Decoding 228 -- 7.2.5 Insertion of Intra Blocks or Frames 228 -- 7.2.6 Scalable Coding 229 -- 7.2.7 Multiple Description Coding 230 -- 7.3 Channel Coding 232 -- 7.4 Error Concealment 234 -- 7.4.1 Intra Error Concealment Techniques 234 -- 7.4.2 Inter Error Concealment Techniques 234 -- 7.5 Error Resilience Features of H.264/AVC 236 -- 7.5.1 Picture Segmentation 236 -- 7.5.2 Intra Placement 236 -- 7.5.3 Reference Picture Selection 237 -- 7.5.4 Data Partitioning 237 -- 7.5.5 Parameter Sets 237 -- 7.5.6 Flexible Macroblock Ordering 238 -- 7.5.7 Redundant Slices (RSs) 239 -- References 239 -- 8 Cross-Layer Optimized Video Delivery over 4G Wireless Networks 241 -- 8.1 Why Cross-Layer Design? 241 -- 8.2 Quality-Driven Cross-Layer Framework 242 -- 8.3 Application Layer 244 -- 8.4 Rate Control at the Transport Layer 244 -- 8.4.1 Background 244 -- 8.4.2 System Model 246 -- 8.4.3 Network Setting 246 -- 8.4.4 Problem Formulation 248 -- 8.4.5 Problem Solution 248 -- 8.4.6 Performance Evaluation 249 -- 8.5 Routing at the Network Layer 252 -- 8.5.1 Background 252 -- 8.5.2 System Model 254 -- 8.5.3 Routing Metric 255 -- 8.5.4 Problem Formulation 257 -- 8.5.5 Problem Solution 258 -- 8.5.6 Implementation Considerations 262 -- 8.5.7 Performance Evaluation 263 -- 8.6 Content-Aware Real-Time Video Streaming 265 -- 8.6.1 Background 265.
8.6.2 Background 265 -- 8.6.3 Problem Formulation 266 -- 8.6.4 Routing Based on Priority Queuing 267 -- 8.6.5 Problem Solution 269 -- 8.6.6 Performance Evaluation 270 -- 8.7 Cross-Layer Optimization for Video Summary Transmission 272 -- 8.7.1 Background 272 -- 8.7.2 Problem Formulation 274 -- 8.7.3 System Model 276 -- 8.7.4 Link Adaptation for Good Content Coverage 278 -- 8.7.5 Problem Solution 280 -- 8.7.6 Performance Evaluation 283 -- 8.8 Conclusions 287 -- References 287 -- 9 Content-based Video Communications 291 -- 9.1 Network-Adaptive Video Object Encoding 291 -- 9.2 Joint Source Coding and Unequal Error Protection 294 -- 9.2.1 Problem Formulation 295 -- 9.2.2 Solution and Implementation Details 299 -- 9.2.3 Application on Energy-Efficient Wireless Network 301 -- 9.2.4 Application on Differentiated Services Networks 303 -- 9.3 Joint Source-Channel Coding with Utilization of Data Hiding 305 -- 9.3.1 Hiding Shape in Texture 308 -- 9.3.2 Joint Source-Channel Coding 309 -- 9.3.3 Joint Source-Channel Coding and Data Hiding 311 -- 9.3.4 Experimental Results 315 -- References 322 -- 10 AVC/H.264 Application / Digital TV 325 -- 10.1 Introduction 325 -- 10.1.1 Encoder Flexibility 326 -- 10.2 Random Access 326 -- 10.2.1 GOP Bazaar 327 -- 10.2.2 Buffers, Before and After 332 -- 10.3 Bitstream Splicing 335 -- 10.4 Trick Modes 337 -- 10.4.1 Fast Forward 338 -- 10.4.2 Reverse 338 -- 10.4.3 Pause 338 -- 10.5 Carriage of AVC/H.264 Over MPEG-2 Systems 338 -- 10.5.1 Packetization 339 -- 10.5.2 Audio Video Synchronization 344 -- 10.5.3 Transmitter and Receiver Clock Synchronization 344 -- 10.5.4 System Target Decoder and Timing Model 344 -- References 345 -- 11 Interactive Video Communications 347 -- 11.1 Video Conferencing and Telephony 347 -- 11.1.1 IP and Broadband Video Telephony 347 -- 11.1.2 Wireless Video Telephony 348 -- 11.1.3 3G-324M Protocol 348 -- 11.2 Region-of-Interest Video Communications 351 -- 11.2.1 ROI based Bit Allocation 351 -- 11.2.2 Content Adaptive Background Skipping 356.
References 366 -- 12 Wireless Video Streaming 369 -- 12.1 Introduction 369 -- 12.2 Streaming System Architecture 370 -- 12.2.1 Video Compression 370 -- 12.2.2 Application Layer QoS Control 372 -- 12.2.3 Protocols 374 -- 12.2.4 Video/Audio Synchronization 376 -- 12.3 Delay-Constrained Retransmission 377 -- 12.3.1 Receiver-Based Control 378 -- 12.3.2 Sender-Based Control 378 -- 12.3.3 Hybrid Control 379 -- 12.3.4 Rate-Distortion Optimal Retransmission 379 -- 12.4 Considerations for Wireless Video Streaming 382 -- 12.4.1 Cross-Layer Optimization and Physical Layer Consideration 383 -- 12.5 P2P Video Streaming 384 -- References 385 -- Index 389.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910143133003321
Wang Haohong  
Chichester, U.K. : , : Wiley, , 2009
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
4G wireless video communications / / Haohong Wang ... [et al.]
4G wireless video communications / / Haohong Wang ... [et al.]
Autore Wang Haohong
Edizione [1st edition]
Pubbl/distr/stampa Chichester, U.K. : , : Wiley, , 2009
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (422 p.)
Disciplina 621.384
Altri autori (Persone) WangHaohong <1973->
Collana Wireless communications and mobile computing
Soggetto topico Multimedia communications
Wireless communication systems
Video telephone
ISBN 1-282-68155-9
9786612681554
0-470-74516-9
0-470-74517-7
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto -- Forward xiii -- Preface xv -- About the Authors xxi -- About the Series Editors xxv -- 1 Introduction 1 -- 1.1 Why 4G? 1 -- 1.2 4G Status and Key Technologies 3 -- 1.2.1 3GPP LTE 3 -- 1.2.2 Mobile WiMAX 4 -- 1.3 Video Over Wireless 5 -- 1.3.1 Video Compression Basics 5 -- 1.3.2 Video Coding Standards 9 -- 1.3.3 Error Resilience 10 -- 1.3.4 Network Integration 12 -- 1.3.5 Cross-Layer Design for Wireless Video Delivery 14 -- 1.4 Challenges and Opportunities for 4G Wireless Video 15 -- References 17 -- 2 Wireless Communications and Networking 19 -- 2.1 Characteristics and Modeling of Wireless Channels 19 -- 2.1.1 Degradation in Radio Propagation 19 -- 2.1.2 Rayleigh Fading Channel 20 -- 2.2 Adaptive Modulation and Coding 23 -- 2.2.1 Basics of Modulation Schemes 23 -- 2.2.2 System Model of AMC 25 -- 2.2.3 Channel Quality Estimation and Prediction 26 -- 2.2.4 Modulation and Coding Parameter Adaptation 28 -- 2.2.5 Estimation Error and Delay in AMC 30 -- 2.2.6 Selection of Adaptation Interval 30 -- 2.3 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing 31 -- 2.3.1 Background 31 -- 2.3.2 System Model and Implementation 31 -- 2.3.3 Pros and Cons 33 -- 2.4 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Systems 34 -- 2.4.1 MIMO System Model 34 -- 2.4.2 MIMO Capacity Gain: Multiplexing 35 -- 2.4.3 MIMO Diversity Gain: Beamforming 35 -- 2.4.4 Diversity-Multiplexing Trade-offs 35 -- 2.4.5 Space-Time Coding 36 -- 2.5 Cross-Layer Design of AMC and HARQ 37 -- 2.5.1 Background 38 -- 2.5.2 System Modeling 39 -- 2.5.3 Cross-Layer Design 41 -- 2.5.4 Performance Analysis 44 -- 2.5.5 Performance 45 -- 2.6 Wireless Networking 47 -- 2.6.1 Layering Network Architectures 48 -- 2.6.2 Network Service Models 50 -- 2.6.3 Multiplexing Methods 51 -- 2.6.4 Connection Management in IP-Based Data Networks 53 -- 2.6.5 QoS Handoff 54 -- 2.7 Summary 55 -- References 56 -- 3 Video Coding and Communications 59 -- 3.1 Digital Video Compression / Why and How Much? 59 -- 3.2 Basics 60 -- 3.2.1 Video Formats 60 -- 3.3 Information Theory 64.
3.3.1 Entropy and Mutual Information 65 -- 3.3.2 Encoding of an Information Source 66 -- 3.3.3 Variable Length Coding 68 -- 3.3.4 Quantization 71 -- 3.4 Encoder Architectures 73 -- 3.4.1 DPCM 73 -- 3.4.2 Hybrid Transform-DPCM Architecture 77 -- 3.4.3 A Typical Hybrid Transform DPCM-based Video Codec 79 -- 3.4.4 Motion Compensation 82 -- 3.4.5 DCT and Quantization 83 -- 3.4.6 Procedures Performed at the Decoder 84 -- 3.5 Wavelet-Based Video Compression 86 -- 3.5.1 Motion-Compensated Temporal Wavelet Transform Using Lifting 90 -- References 94 -- 4 4G Wireless Communications and Networking 97 -- 4.1 IMT-Advanced and 4G 97 -- 4.2 LTE 99 -- 4.2.1 Introduction 101 -- 4.2.2 Protocol Architecture 102 -- 4.2.3 LTE Layer 2 107 -- 4.2.4 The Evolution of Architecture 110 -- 4.2.5 LTE Standardization 110 -- 4.3 WIMAX-IEEE 802.16m 112 -- 4.3.1 Network Architecture 113 -- 4.3.2 System Reference Model 114 -- 4.3.3 Protocol Structure 114 -- 4.3.4 Other Functions Supported by IEEE 802.16m for Further Study 125 -- 4.4 3GPP2 UMB 125 -- 4.4.1 Architecture Reference Model 126 -- 4.4.2 Layering Architecture and Protocols 127 -- Acknowledgements 133 -- References 133 -- 5 Advanced Video Coding (AVC)/H.264 Standard 135 -- 5.1 Digital Video Compression Standards 135 -- 5.2 AVC/H.264 Coding Algorithm 138 -- 5.2.1 Temporal Prediction 139 -- 5.2.2 Spatial Prediction 147 -- 5.2.3 The Transform 148 -- 5.2.4 Quantization and Scaling 151 -- 5.2.5 Scanning 151 -- 5.2.6 Variable Length Lossless Codecs 152 -- 5.2.7 Deblocking Filter 155 -- 5.2.8 Hierarchy in the Coded Video 156 -- 5.2.9 Buffers 158 -- 5.2.10 Encapsulation/Packetization 159 -- 5.2.11 Profiles 160 -- 5.2.12 Levels 163 -- 5.2.13 Parameter Sets 167 -- 5.2.14 Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI) 167 -- 5.2.15 Subjective Tests 168 -- References 168 -- 6 Content Analysis for Communications 171 -- 6.1 Introduction 171 -- 6.2 Content Analysis 173 -- 6.2.1 Low-Level Feature Extraction 174 -- 6.2.2 Image Segmentation 179 -- 6.2.3 Video Object Segmentation 185.
6.2.4 Video Structure Understanding 200 -- 6.2.5 Analysis Methods in Compressed Domain 208 -- 6.3 Content-Based Video Representation 209 -- 6.4 Content-Based Video Coding and Communications 212 -- 6.4.1 Object-Based Video Coding 212 -- 6.4.2 Error Resilience for Object-Based Video 215 -- 6.5 Content Description and Management 217 -- 6.5.1 MPEG-7 217 -- 6.5.2 MPEG-21 219 -- References 219 -- 7 Video Error Resilience and Error Concealment 223 -- 7.1 Introduction 223 -- 7.2 Error Resilience 224 -- 7.2.1 Resynchronization Markers 224 -- 7.2.2 Reversible Variable Length Coding (RVLC) 225 -- 7.2.3 Error-Resilient Entropy Coding (EREC) 226 -- 7.2.4 Independent Segment Decoding 228 -- 7.2.5 Insertion of Intra Blocks or Frames 228 -- 7.2.6 Scalable Coding 229 -- 7.2.7 Multiple Description Coding 230 -- 7.3 Channel Coding 232 -- 7.4 Error Concealment 234 -- 7.4.1 Intra Error Concealment Techniques 234 -- 7.4.2 Inter Error Concealment Techniques 234 -- 7.5 Error Resilience Features of H.264/AVC 236 -- 7.5.1 Picture Segmentation 236 -- 7.5.2 Intra Placement 236 -- 7.5.3 Reference Picture Selection 237 -- 7.5.4 Data Partitioning 237 -- 7.5.5 Parameter Sets 237 -- 7.5.6 Flexible Macroblock Ordering 238 -- 7.5.7 Redundant Slices (RSs) 239 -- References 239 -- 8 Cross-Layer Optimized Video Delivery over 4G Wireless Networks 241 -- 8.1 Why Cross-Layer Design? 241 -- 8.2 Quality-Driven Cross-Layer Framework 242 -- 8.3 Application Layer 244 -- 8.4 Rate Control at the Transport Layer 244 -- 8.4.1 Background 244 -- 8.4.2 System Model 246 -- 8.4.3 Network Setting 246 -- 8.4.4 Problem Formulation 248 -- 8.4.5 Problem Solution 248 -- 8.4.6 Performance Evaluation 249 -- 8.5 Routing at the Network Layer 252 -- 8.5.1 Background 252 -- 8.5.2 System Model 254 -- 8.5.3 Routing Metric 255 -- 8.5.4 Problem Formulation 257 -- 8.5.5 Problem Solution 258 -- 8.5.6 Implementation Considerations 262 -- 8.5.7 Performance Evaluation 263 -- 8.6 Content-Aware Real-Time Video Streaming 265 -- 8.6.1 Background 265.
8.6.2 Background 265 -- 8.6.3 Problem Formulation 266 -- 8.6.4 Routing Based on Priority Queuing 267 -- 8.6.5 Problem Solution 269 -- 8.6.6 Performance Evaluation 270 -- 8.7 Cross-Layer Optimization for Video Summary Transmission 272 -- 8.7.1 Background 272 -- 8.7.2 Problem Formulation 274 -- 8.7.3 System Model 276 -- 8.7.4 Link Adaptation for Good Content Coverage 278 -- 8.7.5 Problem Solution 280 -- 8.7.6 Performance Evaluation 283 -- 8.8 Conclusions 287 -- References 287 -- 9 Content-based Video Communications 291 -- 9.1 Network-Adaptive Video Object Encoding 291 -- 9.2 Joint Source Coding and Unequal Error Protection 294 -- 9.2.1 Problem Formulation 295 -- 9.2.2 Solution and Implementation Details 299 -- 9.2.3 Application on Energy-Efficient Wireless Network 301 -- 9.2.4 Application on Differentiated Services Networks 303 -- 9.3 Joint Source-Channel Coding with Utilization of Data Hiding 305 -- 9.3.1 Hiding Shape in Texture 308 -- 9.3.2 Joint Source-Channel Coding 309 -- 9.3.3 Joint Source-Channel Coding and Data Hiding 311 -- 9.3.4 Experimental Results 315 -- References 322 -- 10 AVC/H.264 Application / Digital TV 325 -- 10.1 Introduction 325 -- 10.1.1 Encoder Flexibility 326 -- 10.2 Random Access 326 -- 10.2.1 GOP Bazaar 327 -- 10.2.2 Buffers, Before and After 332 -- 10.3 Bitstream Splicing 335 -- 10.4 Trick Modes 337 -- 10.4.1 Fast Forward 338 -- 10.4.2 Reverse 338 -- 10.4.3 Pause 338 -- 10.5 Carriage of AVC/H.264 Over MPEG-2 Systems 338 -- 10.5.1 Packetization 339 -- 10.5.2 Audio Video Synchronization 344 -- 10.5.3 Transmitter and Receiver Clock Synchronization 344 -- 10.5.4 System Target Decoder and Timing Model 344 -- References 345 -- 11 Interactive Video Communications 347 -- 11.1 Video Conferencing and Telephony 347 -- 11.1.1 IP and Broadband Video Telephony 347 -- 11.1.2 Wireless Video Telephony 348 -- 11.1.3 3G-324M Protocol 348 -- 11.2 Region-of-Interest Video Communications 351 -- 11.2.1 ROI based Bit Allocation 351 -- 11.2.2 Content Adaptive Background Skipping 356.
References 366 -- 12 Wireless Video Streaming 369 -- 12.1 Introduction 369 -- 12.2 Streaming System Architecture 370 -- 12.2.1 Video Compression 370 -- 12.2.2 Application Layer QoS Control 372 -- 12.2.3 Protocols 374 -- 12.2.4 Video/Audio Synchronization 376 -- 12.3 Delay-Constrained Retransmission 377 -- 12.3.1 Receiver-Based Control 378 -- 12.3.2 Sender-Based Control 378 -- 12.3.3 Hybrid Control 379 -- 12.3.4 Rate-Distortion Optimal Retransmission 379 -- 12.4 Considerations for Wireless Video Streaming 382 -- 12.4.1 Cross-Layer Optimization and Physical Layer Consideration 383 -- 12.5 P2P Video Streaming 384 -- References 385 -- Index 389.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910831192603321
Wang Haohong  
Chichester, U.K. : , : Wiley, , 2009
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Proceedings of the ACM SIGMM 2004 Workshop on Effective Telepresence : ETP 2004 : October 15, 2004, New York, New York, USA
Proceedings of the ACM SIGMM 2004 Workshop on Effective Telepresence : ETP 2004 : October 15, 2004, New York, New York, USA
Pubbl/distr/stampa [Place of publication not identified], : ACM Press, 2004
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (82 p.;)
Collana ACM Conferences
Soggetto topico Video telephone
Multimedia systems
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Altri titoli varianti ETP '04
Record Nr. UNINA-9910375916103321
[Place of publication not identified], : ACM Press, 2004
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Video and multimedia transmissions over cellular networks : analysis, modeling, and optimization in live 3G mobile networks / / Markus Rupp
Video and multimedia transmissions over cellular networks : analysis, modeling, and optimization in live 3G mobile networks / / Markus Rupp
Autore Rupp Markus <1963->
Pubbl/distr/stampa Chichester, West Sussex, U.K. ; , : Wiley, , 2009
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (414 p.)
Disciplina 006.7
Soggetto topico Multimedia communications
Wireless communication systems
Mobile computing
Video telephone
ISBN 1-282-29168-8
9786612291685
0-470-74777-3
0-470-74776-5
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto -- List of Contributors xiii -- About the Contributors xv -- Foreword xix -- Preface xxi -- Acknowledgements xxv -- List of Abbreviations xxvii -- I Cellular Mobile Systems 1 -- 1 Introduction to Radio and Core Networks of UMTS 5 /Philipp Svoboda and Wolfgang Karner -- 1.1 UMTS Network Architecture 7 -- 1.2 UTRAN Architecture 8 -- 1.2.1 UTRAN Protocol Architecture 9 -- 1.2.2 Physical Layer Data Processing in the UTRAN Radio Interface 13 -- 1.3 UMTSPS-core Network Architecture 16 -- 1.4 A Data Session in a 3GNetwork 18 -- 1.4.1 The UMTS (PS-core) Protocol Stack 19 -- 1.4.2 The Protocols 20 -- 1.4.3 Bearer Speed in UMTS 23 -- 1.5 Differences between 2.5G and 3G Core Network Entities 23 -- 1.5.1 GPRS Channels 24 -- 1.5.2 GPRS Core Network Architecture 25 -- 1.5.3 The GPRS Protocol Stack 25 -- 1.5.4 Bearer Speed in GPRS and EDGE 27 -- 1.6 HSDPA: an Evolutionary Step 27 -- 1.6.1 Architecture of HSDPA 28 -- 1.6.2 Difference between UMTS and HSDPA 29 -- 1.6.3 Transport and Control Channels 31 -- References 32 -- II Analysis and Modelling of the Wireless Link 35 -- 2 Measurement-based Analysis of UMTS Link Characteristics 39 /Wolfgang Karner -- 2.1 Measurement Setup 40 -- 2.1.1 General Setup 40 -- 2.1.2 Mobility Scenarios 42 -- 2.2 Link Error Analysis 46 -- 2.2.1 Link Error Probability 46 -- 2.2.2 Number of erroneous TBs in TTIs 48 -- 2.2.3 TTI-burstlength,TTI-gaplength 48 -- 2.2.4 TB Error Bursts, TB Error Clusters 50 -- 2.2.5 The Influence of TPC on Link Error Characteristics 52 -- 2.2.6 Statistical Dependency between Successive Gaps/Bursts 54 -- 2.2.7 Block Error Ratio (BLER) 55 -- 2.3 Dynamic Bearer Type Switching 56 -- 2.3.1 Measurement-based Analysis of Dynamic Bearer Type Switching 57 -- References 60 -- 3 Modelling of Link Layer Characteristics 61 /Wolfgang Karner -- 3.1 Modelling Erroneous Channels / A Literature Survey 61 -- 3.2 Link Error Models for the UMTSDCH 66 -- 3.2.1 Link Error Modelling / 'Dynamic' Case 67 -- 3.2.2 Link Error Modelling / 'Static' Case 69.
3.3 Impact of Channel Modelling on the Quality of Services for Streamed Video 75 -- 3.3.1 Compared Models 76 -- 3.3.2 Experimental Setup 76 -- 3.3.3 Simulation Results for H.264 Encoded Video over Error Prone Links 78 -- 3.4 A Dynamic Bearer Type Switching Model 83 -- 3.4.1 Four-state Markov Model 83 -- 3.4.2 Enhanced Four-state Model 84 -- References 86 -- 4 Analysis of Link Error Predictability in the UTRAN 89 /Wolfgang Karner -- 4.1 Prediction of Low Error Probability Intervals 90 -- 4.1.1 Detection of Start of Intervals 90 -- 4.1.2 Interval Length Li 91 -- 4.2 Estimation of Expected Failure Rate 92 -- References 95 -- III Video Coding and Error Handling 97 -- 5 Principles of Video Coding 101 /Olivia Nemethova -- 5.1 Video Compression 101 -- 5.1.1 Video Sampling 101 -- 5.1.2 Compression Mechanisms 103 -- 5.1.3 Structure of Video Streams 107 -- 5.1.4 Profiles and Levels 108 -- 5.1.5 Reference Software 108 -- 5.2 H.264/AVC Video Streaming in Error-prone Environment 109 -- 5.2.1 Error Propagation 109 -- 5.2.2 Standardized Error Resilience Techniques 110 -- 5.2.3 Alternative Error Resilience Techniques 111 -- 5.3 Error Concealment 112 -- 5.3.1 Spatial Error Concealment 113 -- 5.3.2 Temporal Error Concealment Methods 115 -- 5.4 Performance Indicators 118 -- References 120 -- 6 Error Detection Mechanisms for Encoded Video Streams 125 /Luca Superiori, Claudio Weidmann and Olivia Nemethova -- 6.1 Syntax Analysis 126 -- 6.1.1 Structure of VCL NALUs 126 -- 6.1.2 Rules of Syntax Analysis 128 -- 6.1.3 Error-handling Mechanism 131 -- 6.1.4 Simulation Setup 133 -- 6.1.5 Subjective Quality Comparison 134 -- 6.1.6 Detection Performance 135 -- 6.2 Pixel-domain Impairment Detection 137 -- 6.2.1 Impairments in the Inter Frames 137 -- 6.2.2 Impairments in the Intra Frames 138 -- 6.2.3 Performance Results 139 -- 6.3 Fragile Watermarking 140 -- 6.4 VLC Resynchronization 146 -- 6.4.1 Signalling of Synchronization Points 146 -- 6.4.2 Codes for Length Indicators 148 -- 6.5 From Error Detection to Soft Decoding 151.
6.5.1 Sequential CAVLC Decoder 152 -- 6.5.2 Additional Synchronization Points 153 -- 6.5.3 Postprocessing 154 -- 6.5.4 Performance 154 -- References 157 -- IV Error Resilient Video Transmission over UMTS 159 -- 7 3GPP Video Services / Video Codecs, Content Delivery Protocols and Optimization Potentials 163 /Thomas Stockhammer and Jiangtao Wen -- 7.1 3GPP Video Services 163 -- 7.1.1 Introduction 163 -- 7.1.2 System Overview 164 -- 7.1.3 Video Codecs in 3GPP 166 -- 7.1.4 Bearer and Transport QoS 169 -- 7.1.5 QoS using Video Error Resilience 171 -- 7.2 Selected QoS Tools / Principles and Experimental Results 171 -- 7.2.1 3GDedicatedChannelLinkLayer 171 -- 7.2.2 Experimental Results for Conversational Video 173 -- 7.2.3 Experimental Results for Moderate-delay Applications 175 -- 7.2.4 System Design Guidelines 177 -- 7.3 Selected Service Examples 178 -- 7.3.1 Multimedia Telephony Services 178 -- 7.3.2 Multimedia Download Delivery 180 -- 7.3.3 Multimedia Streaming Services over MBMS 181 -- 7.4 Conclusions 184 -- References 184 -- 8 Cross-layer Error Resilience Mechanisms 187 /Olivia Nemethova, Wolfgang Karner and Claudio Weidmann -- 8.1 Link Layer Aware Error Detection 188 -- 8.1.1 Error Detection at RLC Layer 188 -- 8.1.2 RLCPDU Based VLC Resynchronization 189 -- 8.1.3 Error Detection and VLC Resynchronization Efficiency 191 -- 8.2 Link Error Prediction Based Redundancy Control 192 -- 8.2.1 Redundancy Control 192 -- 8.3 Semantics-aware Scheduling 196 -- 8.3.1 Scheduling Mechanism 196 -- 8.3.2 Performance Evaluation 199 -- 8.4 Distortion-aware Scheduling 202 -- 8.4.1 Scheduling Mechanism.202 -- 8.4.2 Distortion Estimation 203 -- 8.4.3 Performance Evaluation 207 -- References 209 -- V Monitoring and QoS Measurement 211 -- 9 Traffic and Performance Monitoring in a Real UMTS Network 215 /Fabio Ricciato -- 9.1 Introduction to Traffic Monitoring 215 -- 9.2 Network Monitoring via Traffic Monitoring: the Present and the Vision 216 -- 9.3 AMonitoringFrameworkfor3GNetworks 219 -- 9.4 Examples of Network-centric Applications 220.
9.4.1 Optimization in the Core Network Design 220 -- 9.4.2 Parameter Optimization 221 -- 9.4.3 What-if Analysis 222 -- 9.4.4 Detecting Anomalies 223 -- 9.5 Examples of User-centric Applications 224 -- 9.5.1 Traffic Classification 225 -- 9.5.2 QoS and QoE monitoring 226 -- 9.6 Summary 226 -- References 227 -- 10 Traffic Analysis for UMTS Network Validation and Troubleshooting 229 /Fabio Ricciato and Peter Romirer-Maierhofer -- 10.1 Case study: Bottleneck Detection 229 -- 10.1.1 Motivations and Problem Statement 229 -- 10.1.2 Input Traces 233 -- 10.1.3 Diagnosis based on Aggregate Traffic Rate Moments 234 -- 10.1.4 Diagnosis based on TCP Performance Indicators 239 -- 10.2 Case Study: Analysis of One-way Delays 243 -- 10.2.1 Motivations 243 -- 10.2.2 Measurement Methodology 244 -- 10.2.3 Detecting Micro Congestion Caused by High-rate Scanners 245 -- 10.2.4 Revealing Network Equipment Problems 249 -- 10.2.5 Exploiting One-way Delays for Online Anomaly Detection 250 -- References 254 -- 11 End-to-End Video Quality Measurements 257 /Michal Ries -- 11.1 Test Methodology for Subjective Video Testing 260 -- 11.1.1 Video Quality Evaluation 261 -- 11.1.2 Subjective Testing 263 -- 11.1.3 Source Materials 263 -- 11.2 Results of Subjective Quality Tests 265 -- 11.2.1 Subjective Quality Tests on SIF Resolution and H.264/AVC Codec 265 -- 11.3 Video Quality Estimation 267 -- 11.3.1 Temporal Segmentation 267 -- 11.3.2 Video Content Classification 268 -- 11.3.3 Content Sensitive Features 268 -- 11.3.4 Hypothesis Testing and Content Classification 274 -- 11.3.5 Video Quality Estimation for SIF-H.264 Resolution 275 -- 11.3.6 Content Based Video Quality Estimation 276 -- 11.3.7 Ensemble Based Quality Estimation 280 -- References 283 -- VI Packet Switched Traffic / Evolution and Modelling 287 -- 12 Traffic Description 291 /Philipp Svoboda -- 12.1 Introduction 291 -- 12.1.1 Analysed Traces 291 -- 12.1.2 Daily Usage Profile for UMTS and GPRS 292 -- 12.2 Volume and User Population 293 -- 12.2.1 Volumes and User Population in GPRS and UMTS 293.
12.2.2 Fraction of Volume per Service 296 -- 12.2.3 Service Mix Diurnal Profile 298 -- 12.2.4 Grouping Subscribers per Service Access 300 -- 12.2.5 Filtering in the Port Analysis 301 -- 12.3 Analysis of the PDP-context Activity 301 -- 12.3.1 Per-user Activity 302 -- 12.3.2 Distribution of PDP-context Duration 302 -- 12.3.3 The Volume of a PDP-context 307 -- 12.3.4 Total Volume and Number of PDP-contexts per Group 308 -- 12.4 Detecting and Filtering of Malicious Traffic 309 -- References 311 -- 13 Traffic Flows 313 /Philipp Svoboda -- 13.1 Introduction to Flow Analysis 313 -- 13.1.1 Heavy Tailed 314 -- 13.1.2 The Flow 315 -- 13.1.3 Protocol Shares 317 -- 13.2 Fitting of Distributions to Empirical Data 317 -- 13.2.1 Pre-evaluation of the Dataset 317 -- 13.2.2 Parameter Estimation 318 -- 13.2.3 Goodness of Fit 321 -- 13.3 Flows Statistics 321 -- 13.3.1 Evolution of the TCP/UDP and Application Flow Lengths from 2005 to 2007 321 -- 13.3.2 Example Validation of the Datasets 322 -- 13.3.3 Scaling Analysis of the Heavy Tail Parameter 323 -- 13.3.4 Fitting Flow Size and Duration 324 -- 13.3.5 Mice and Elephants in Traffic Flows 328 -- References 330 -- 14 Adapting Traffic Models for High-delay Networks 333 /Philipp Svoboda -- 14.1 Motivation 333 -- 14.2 Modelling HTTP Browsing Sessions for the Mobile Internet Access 335 -- 14.2.1 HTTP Traffic Model 337 -- 14.3 Modelling FTP Sessions in a Mobile Network 341 -- 14.3.1 Modelling FTP Sessions 342 -- 14.3.2 Fitting the Parameters 343 -- 14.4 Email Traffic Model: An Extension to High-delay Networks 344 -- 14.4.1 Email Protocols of the Internet 344 -- 14.4.2 APOP3EmailModel for High RTT Networks 346 -- 14.4.3 Simulation Setup 350 -- 14.4.4 Simulation Results 352 -- References 352 -- 15 Traffic Models for Specific Services 355 /Philipp Svoboda -- 15.1 Traffic Models for Online Gaming 356 -- 15.1.1 Traffic Model for a Fast Action Game: Unreal Tournament 358 -- 15.1.2 Traffic Model for a Real Time Strategy Game: StarCraft 361 -- 15.1.3 Traffic Model for a Massive Multiplayer Online Game: World of Warcraft 362.
15.2 A Traffic Model for Push-to-Talk (Nokia) 370 -- 15.2.1 AMR: Facts from the Data Sheets 371 -- 15.2.2 Parameters for Artificial Conversational Speech 372 -- 15.2.3 PTT Model 372 -- References 374 -- Index 377.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910139788803321
Rupp Markus <1963->  
Chichester, West Sussex, U.K. ; , : Wiley, , 2009
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Video and multimedia transmissions over cellular networks : analysis, modeling, and optimization in live 3G mobile networks / / Markus Rupp
Video and multimedia transmissions over cellular networks : analysis, modeling, and optimization in live 3G mobile networks / / Markus Rupp
Autore Rupp Markus <1963->
Pubbl/distr/stampa Chichester, West Sussex, U.K. ; , : Wiley, , 2009
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (414 p.)
Disciplina 006.7
Soggetto topico Multimedia communications
Wireless communication systems
Mobile computing
Video telephone
ISBN 1-282-29168-8
9786612291685
0-470-74777-3
0-470-74776-5
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto -- List of Contributors xiii -- About the Contributors xv -- Foreword xix -- Preface xxi -- Acknowledgements xxv -- List of Abbreviations xxvii -- I Cellular Mobile Systems 1 -- 1 Introduction to Radio and Core Networks of UMTS 5 /Philipp Svoboda and Wolfgang Karner -- 1.1 UMTS Network Architecture 7 -- 1.2 UTRAN Architecture 8 -- 1.2.1 UTRAN Protocol Architecture 9 -- 1.2.2 Physical Layer Data Processing in the UTRAN Radio Interface 13 -- 1.3 UMTSPS-core Network Architecture 16 -- 1.4 A Data Session in a 3GNetwork 18 -- 1.4.1 The UMTS (PS-core) Protocol Stack 19 -- 1.4.2 The Protocols 20 -- 1.4.3 Bearer Speed in UMTS 23 -- 1.5 Differences between 2.5G and 3G Core Network Entities 23 -- 1.5.1 GPRS Channels 24 -- 1.5.2 GPRS Core Network Architecture 25 -- 1.5.3 The GPRS Protocol Stack 25 -- 1.5.4 Bearer Speed in GPRS and EDGE 27 -- 1.6 HSDPA: an Evolutionary Step 27 -- 1.6.1 Architecture of HSDPA 28 -- 1.6.2 Difference between UMTS and HSDPA 29 -- 1.6.3 Transport and Control Channels 31 -- References 32 -- II Analysis and Modelling of the Wireless Link 35 -- 2 Measurement-based Analysis of UMTS Link Characteristics 39 /Wolfgang Karner -- 2.1 Measurement Setup 40 -- 2.1.1 General Setup 40 -- 2.1.2 Mobility Scenarios 42 -- 2.2 Link Error Analysis 46 -- 2.2.1 Link Error Probability 46 -- 2.2.2 Number of erroneous TBs in TTIs 48 -- 2.2.3 TTI-burstlength,TTI-gaplength 48 -- 2.2.4 TB Error Bursts, TB Error Clusters 50 -- 2.2.5 The Influence of TPC on Link Error Characteristics 52 -- 2.2.6 Statistical Dependency between Successive Gaps/Bursts 54 -- 2.2.7 Block Error Ratio (BLER) 55 -- 2.3 Dynamic Bearer Type Switching 56 -- 2.3.1 Measurement-based Analysis of Dynamic Bearer Type Switching 57 -- References 60 -- 3 Modelling of Link Layer Characteristics 61 /Wolfgang Karner -- 3.1 Modelling Erroneous Channels / A Literature Survey 61 -- 3.2 Link Error Models for the UMTSDCH 66 -- 3.2.1 Link Error Modelling / 'Dynamic' Case 67 -- 3.2.2 Link Error Modelling / 'Static' Case 69.
3.3 Impact of Channel Modelling on the Quality of Services for Streamed Video 75 -- 3.3.1 Compared Models 76 -- 3.3.2 Experimental Setup 76 -- 3.3.3 Simulation Results for H.264 Encoded Video over Error Prone Links 78 -- 3.4 A Dynamic Bearer Type Switching Model 83 -- 3.4.1 Four-state Markov Model 83 -- 3.4.2 Enhanced Four-state Model 84 -- References 86 -- 4 Analysis of Link Error Predictability in the UTRAN 89 /Wolfgang Karner -- 4.1 Prediction of Low Error Probability Intervals 90 -- 4.1.1 Detection of Start of Intervals 90 -- 4.1.2 Interval Length Li 91 -- 4.2 Estimation of Expected Failure Rate 92 -- References 95 -- III Video Coding and Error Handling 97 -- 5 Principles of Video Coding 101 /Olivia Nemethova -- 5.1 Video Compression 101 -- 5.1.1 Video Sampling 101 -- 5.1.2 Compression Mechanisms 103 -- 5.1.3 Structure of Video Streams 107 -- 5.1.4 Profiles and Levels 108 -- 5.1.5 Reference Software 108 -- 5.2 H.264/AVC Video Streaming in Error-prone Environment 109 -- 5.2.1 Error Propagation 109 -- 5.2.2 Standardized Error Resilience Techniques 110 -- 5.2.3 Alternative Error Resilience Techniques 111 -- 5.3 Error Concealment 112 -- 5.3.1 Spatial Error Concealment 113 -- 5.3.2 Temporal Error Concealment Methods 115 -- 5.4 Performance Indicators 118 -- References 120 -- 6 Error Detection Mechanisms for Encoded Video Streams 125 /Luca Superiori, Claudio Weidmann and Olivia Nemethova -- 6.1 Syntax Analysis 126 -- 6.1.1 Structure of VCL NALUs 126 -- 6.1.2 Rules of Syntax Analysis 128 -- 6.1.3 Error-handling Mechanism 131 -- 6.1.4 Simulation Setup 133 -- 6.1.5 Subjective Quality Comparison 134 -- 6.1.6 Detection Performance 135 -- 6.2 Pixel-domain Impairment Detection 137 -- 6.2.1 Impairments in the Inter Frames 137 -- 6.2.2 Impairments in the Intra Frames 138 -- 6.2.3 Performance Results 139 -- 6.3 Fragile Watermarking 140 -- 6.4 VLC Resynchronization 146 -- 6.4.1 Signalling of Synchronization Points 146 -- 6.4.2 Codes for Length Indicators 148 -- 6.5 From Error Detection to Soft Decoding 151.
6.5.1 Sequential CAVLC Decoder 152 -- 6.5.2 Additional Synchronization Points 153 -- 6.5.3 Postprocessing 154 -- 6.5.4 Performance 154 -- References 157 -- IV Error Resilient Video Transmission over UMTS 159 -- 7 3GPP Video Services / Video Codecs, Content Delivery Protocols and Optimization Potentials 163 /Thomas Stockhammer and Jiangtao Wen -- 7.1 3GPP Video Services 163 -- 7.1.1 Introduction 163 -- 7.1.2 System Overview 164 -- 7.1.3 Video Codecs in 3GPP 166 -- 7.1.4 Bearer and Transport QoS 169 -- 7.1.5 QoS using Video Error Resilience 171 -- 7.2 Selected QoS Tools / Principles and Experimental Results 171 -- 7.2.1 3GDedicatedChannelLinkLayer 171 -- 7.2.2 Experimental Results for Conversational Video 173 -- 7.2.3 Experimental Results for Moderate-delay Applications 175 -- 7.2.4 System Design Guidelines 177 -- 7.3 Selected Service Examples 178 -- 7.3.1 Multimedia Telephony Services 178 -- 7.3.2 Multimedia Download Delivery 180 -- 7.3.3 Multimedia Streaming Services over MBMS 181 -- 7.4 Conclusions 184 -- References 184 -- 8 Cross-layer Error Resilience Mechanisms 187 /Olivia Nemethova, Wolfgang Karner and Claudio Weidmann -- 8.1 Link Layer Aware Error Detection 188 -- 8.1.1 Error Detection at RLC Layer 188 -- 8.1.2 RLCPDU Based VLC Resynchronization 189 -- 8.1.3 Error Detection and VLC Resynchronization Efficiency 191 -- 8.2 Link Error Prediction Based Redundancy Control 192 -- 8.2.1 Redundancy Control 192 -- 8.3 Semantics-aware Scheduling 196 -- 8.3.1 Scheduling Mechanism 196 -- 8.3.2 Performance Evaluation 199 -- 8.4 Distortion-aware Scheduling 202 -- 8.4.1 Scheduling Mechanism.202 -- 8.4.2 Distortion Estimation 203 -- 8.4.3 Performance Evaluation 207 -- References 209 -- V Monitoring and QoS Measurement 211 -- 9 Traffic and Performance Monitoring in a Real UMTS Network 215 /Fabio Ricciato -- 9.1 Introduction to Traffic Monitoring 215 -- 9.2 Network Monitoring via Traffic Monitoring: the Present and the Vision 216 -- 9.3 AMonitoringFrameworkfor3GNetworks 219 -- 9.4 Examples of Network-centric Applications 220.
9.4.1 Optimization in the Core Network Design 220 -- 9.4.2 Parameter Optimization 221 -- 9.4.3 What-if Analysis 222 -- 9.4.4 Detecting Anomalies 223 -- 9.5 Examples of User-centric Applications 224 -- 9.5.1 Traffic Classification 225 -- 9.5.2 QoS and QoE monitoring 226 -- 9.6 Summary 226 -- References 227 -- 10 Traffic Analysis for UMTS Network Validation and Troubleshooting 229 /Fabio Ricciato and Peter Romirer-Maierhofer -- 10.1 Case study: Bottleneck Detection 229 -- 10.1.1 Motivations and Problem Statement 229 -- 10.1.2 Input Traces 233 -- 10.1.3 Diagnosis based on Aggregate Traffic Rate Moments 234 -- 10.1.4 Diagnosis based on TCP Performance Indicators 239 -- 10.2 Case Study: Analysis of One-way Delays 243 -- 10.2.1 Motivations 243 -- 10.2.2 Measurement Methodology 244 -- 10.2.3 Detecting Micro Congestion Caused by High-rate Scanners 245 -- 10.2.4 Revealing Network Equipment Problems 249 -- 10.2.5 Exploiting One-way Delays for Online Anomaly Detection 250 -- References 254 -- 11 End-to-End Video Quality Measurements 257 /Michal Ries -- 11.1 Test Methodology for Subjective Video Testing 260 -- 11.1.1 Video Quality Evaluation 261 -- 11.1.2 Subjective Testing 263 -- 11.1.3 Source Materials 263 -- 11.2 Results of Subjective Quality Tests 265 -- 11.2.1 Subjective Quality Tests on SIF Resolution and H.264/AVC Codec 265 -- 11.3 Video Quality Estimation 267 -- 11.3.1 Temporal Segmentation 267 -- 11.3.2 Video Content Classification 268 -- 11.3.3 Content Sensitive Features 268 -- 11.3.4 Hypothesis Testing and Content Classification 274 -- 11.3.5 Video Quality Estimation for SIF-H.264 Resolution 275 -- 11.3.6 Content Based Video Quality Estimation 276 -- 11.3.7 Ensemble Based Quality Estimation 280 -- References 283 -- VI Packet Switched Traffic / Evolution and Modelling 287 -- 12 Traffic Description 291 /Philipp Svoboda -- 12.1 Introduction 291 -- 12.1.1 Analysed Traces 291 -- 12.1.2 Daily Usage Profile for UMTS and GPRS 292 -- 12.2 Volume and User Population 293 -- 12.2.1 Volumes and User Population in GPRS and UMTS 293.
12.2.2 Fraction of Volume per Service 296 -- 12.2.3 Service Mix Diurnal Profile 298 -- 12.2.4 Grouping Subscribers per Service Access 300 -- 12.2.5 Filtering in the Port Analysis 301 -- 12.3 Analysis of the PDP-context Activity 301 -- 12.3.1 Per-user Activity 302 -- 12.3.2 Distribution of PDP-context Duration 302 -- 12.3.3 The Volume of a PDP-context 307 -- 12.3.4 Total Volume and Number of PDP-contexts per Group 308 -- 12.4 Detecting and Filtering of Malicious Traffic 309 -- References 311 -- 13 Traffic Flows 313 /Philipp Svoboda -- 13.1 Introduction to Flow Analysis 313 -- 13.1.1 Heavy Tailed 314 -- 13.1.2 The Flow 315 -- 13.1.3 Protocol Shares 317 -- 13.2 Fitting of Distributions to Empirical Data 317 -- 13.2.1 Pre-evaluation of the Dataset 317 -- 13.2.2 Parameter Estimation 318 -- 13.2.3 Goodness of Fit 321 -- 13.3 Flows Statistics 321 -- 13.3.1 Evolution of the TCP/UDP and Application Flow Lengths from 2005 to 2007 321 -- 13.3.2 Example Validation of the Datasets 322 -- 13.3.3 Scaling Analysis of the Heavy Tail Parameter 323 -- 13.3.4 Fitting Flow Size and Duration 324 -- 13.3.5 Mice and Elephants in Traffic Flows 328 -- References 330 -- 14 Adapting Traffic Models for High-delay Networks 333 /Philipp Svoboda -- 14.1 Motivation 333 -- 14.2 Modelling HTTP Browsing Sessions for the Mobile Internet Access 335 -- 14.2.1 HTTP Traffic Model 337 -- 14.3 Modelling FTP Sessions in a Mobile Network 341 -- 14.3.1 Modelling FTP Sessions 342 -- 14.3.2 Fitting the Parameters 343 -- 14.4 Email Traffic Model: An Extension to High-delay Networks 344 -- 14.4.1 Email Protocols of the Internet 344 -- 14.4.2 APOP3EmailModel for High RTT Networks 346 -- 14.4.3 Simulation Setup 350 -- 14.4.4 Simulation Results 352 -- References 352 -- 15 Traffic Models for Specific Services 355 /Philipp Svoboda -- 15.1 Traffic Models for Online Gaming 356 -- 15.1.1 Traffic Model for a Fast Action Game: Unreal Tournament 358 -- 15.1.2 Traffic Model for a Real Time Strategy Game: StarCraft 361 -- 15.1.3 Traffic Model for a Massive Multiplayer Online Game: World of Warcraft 362.
15.2 A Traffic Model for Push-to-Talk (Nokia) 370 -- 15.2.1 AMR: Facts from the Data Sheets 371 -- 15.2.2 Parameters for Artificial Conversational Speech 372 -- 15.2.3 PTT Model 372 -- References 374 -- Index 377.
Record Nr. UNINA-9910830711503321
Rupp Markus <1963->  
Chichester, West Sussex, U.K. ; , : Wiley, , 2009
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Video relay service interpreters : intricacies of sign language access / / Jeremy L. Brunson
Video relay service interpreters : intricacies of sign language access / / Jeremy L. Brunson
Autore Brunson Jeremy L.
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, District of Columbia : , : Gallaudet University Press, , 2011
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (204 pages) : illustrations
Disciplina 621.38456
Collana Studies in Interpretation
Soggetto topico Video telephone
Telephone interpreting
Interpreters for the deaf
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-56368-484-5
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910463874203321
Brunson Jeremy L.  
Washington, District of Columbia : , : Gallaudet University Press, , 2011
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Video relay service interpreters : intricacies of sign language access / / Jeremy L. Brunson
Video relay service interpreters : intricacies of sign language access / / Jeremy L. Brunson
Autore Brunson Jeremy L.
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, District of Columbia : , : Gallaudet University Press, , 2011
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (204 pages) : illustrations
Disciplina 621.38456
Collana Studies in Interpretation
Soggetto topico Video telephone
Telephone interpreting
Interpreters for the deaf
ISBN 1-56368-484-5
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910788670403321
Brunson Jeremy L.  
Washington, District of Columbia : , : Gallaudet University Press, , 2011
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Video relay service interpreters : intricacies of sign language access / / Jeremy L. Brunson
Video relay service interpreters : intricacies of sign language access / / Jeremy L. Brunson
Autore Brunson Jeremy L.
Pubbl/distr/stampa Washington, District of Columbia : , : Gallaudet University Press, , 2011
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (204 pages) : illustrations
Disciplina 621.38456
Collana Studies in Interpretation
Soggetto topico Video telephone
Telephone interpreting
Interpreters for the deaf
ISBN 1-56368-484-5
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Record Nr. UNINA-9910811444803321
Brunson Jeremy L.  
Washington, District of Columbia : , : Gallaudet University Press, , 2011
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui