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Computational paralinguistics : emotion, affect and personality in speech and language processing / / Björn W. Schuller, Anton M. Batliner
| Computational paralinguistics : emotion, affect and personality in speech and language processing / / Björn W. Schuller, Anton M. Batliner |
| Autore | Schuller Bjorn |
| Edizione | [First edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, , [2014] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xxi, 321 pages ) : illustrations |
| Disciplina | 401/.90285 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BatlinerAnton |
| Soggetto topico |
Computational linguistics
Emotive (Linguistics) Human-computer interaction Language and emotions Linguistic models - Data processing Paralinguistics Psycholinguistics - Data processing Speech processing systems |
| ISBN |
1-118-70662-5
1-118-70666-8 1-118-70663-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv List of Abbreviations xvii Part I Foundations 1 Introduction 3 1.1 What is Computational Paralinguistics? A First Approximation 3 1.2 History and Subject Area 7 1.3 Form versus Function 10 1.4 Further Aspects 12 1.4.1 The Synthesis of Emotion and Personality 12 1.4.2 Multimodality: Analysis and Generation 13 1.4.3 Applications, Usability and Ethics 15 1.5 Summary and Structure of the Book 17 References 18 2 Taxonomies 21 2.1 Traits versus States 21 2.2 Acted versus Spontaneous 25 2.3 Complex versus Simple 30 2.4 Measured versus Assessed 31 2.5 Categorical versus Continuous 33 2.6 Felt versus Perceived 35 2.7 Intentional versus Instinctual 37 2.8 Consistent versus Discrepant 38 2.9 Private versus Social 39 2.10 Prototypical versus Peripheral 40 2.11 Universal versus Culture-Specific 41 2.12 Unimodal versus Multimodal 43 2.13 All These Taxonomies - So What? 44 2.13.1 Emotion Data: The FAU AEC 45 2.13.2 Non-native Data: The C-AuDiT corpus 47 References 48 3 Aspects of Modelling 53 3.1 Theories and Models of Personality 53 3.2 Theories and Models of Emotion and Affect 55 3.3 Type and Segmentation of Units 58 3.4 Typical versus Atypical Speech 60 3.5 Context 61 3.6 Lab versus Life, or Through the Looking Glass 62 3.7 Sheep and Goats, or Single Instance Decision versus Cumulative Evidence and Overall Performance 64 3.8 The Few and the Many, or How to Analyse a Hamburger 65 3.9 Reifications, and What You are Looking for is What You Get 67 3.10 Magical Numbers versus Sound Reasoning 68 References 74 4 Formal Aspects 79 4.1 The Linguistic Code and Beyond 79 4.2 The Non-Distinctive Use of Phonetic Elements 81 4.2.1 Segmental Level: The Case of /r/ Variants 81 4.2.2 Supra-segmental Level: The Case of Pitch and Fundamental Frequency - and of Other Prosodic Parameters 82 4.2.3 In Between: The Case of Other Voice Qualities, Especially Laryngealisation 86 4.3 The Non-Distinctive Use of Linguistics Elements 91 4.3.1 Words and Word Classes 91 4.3.2 Phrase Level: The Case of Filler Phrases and Hedges 94 4.4 Disfluencies 96 4.5 Non-Verbal, Vocal Events 98 4.6 Common Traits of Formal Aspects 100 References 101 5 Functional Aspects 107 5.1 Biological Trait Primitives 109 5.1.1 Speaker Characteristics 111 5.2 Cultural Trait Primitives 112 5.2.1 Speech Characteristics 114 5.3 Personality 115 5.4 Emotion and Affect 119 5.5 Subjectivity and Sentiment Analysis 123 5.6 Deviant Speech 124 5.6.1 Pathological Speech 125 5.6.2 Temporarily Deviant Speech 129 5.6.3 Non-native Speech 130 5.7 Social Signals 131 5.8 Discrepant Communication 135 5.8.1 Indirect Speech, Irony, and Sarcasm 136 5.8.2 Deceptive Speech 138 5.8.3 Off-Talk 139 5.9 Common Traits of Functional Aspects 140 References 141 6 Corpus Engineering 159 6.1 Annotation 160 6.1.1 Assessment of Annotations 161 6.1.2 New Trends 164 6.2 Corpora and Benchmarks: Some Examples 164 6.2.1 FAU Aibo Emotion Corpus 165 6.2.2 aGender Corpus 165 6.2.3 TUM AVIC Corpus 166 6.2.4 Alcohol Language Corpus 168 6.2.5 Sleepy Language Corpus 168 6.2.6 Speaker Personality Corpus 169 6.2.7 Speaker Likability Database 170 6.2.8 NKI CCRT Speech Corpus 171 6.2.9 TIMIT Database 171 6.2.10 Final Remarks on Databases 172 References 173 Part II Modelling 7 Computational Modelling of Paralinguistics: Overview 179 References 183 8 Acoustic Features 185 8.1 Digital Signal Representation 185 8.2 Short Time Analysis 187 8.3 Acoustic Segmentation 190 8.4 Continuous Descriptors 190 8.4.1 Intensity 190 8.4.2 Zero Crossings 191 8.4.3 Autocorrelation 192 8.4.4 Spectrum and Cepstrum 194 8.4.5 Linear Prediction 198 8.4.6 Line Spectral Pairs 202 8.4.7 Perceptual Linear Prediction 203 8.4.8 Formants 205 8.4.9 Fundamental Frequency and Voicing Probability 207 8.4.10 Jitter and Shimmer 212 8.4.11 Derived Low-Level Descriptors 214 References 214 9 Linguistic Features 217 9.1 Textual Descriptors 217 9.2 Preprocessing 218 9.3 Reduction 218 9.3.1 Stopping 218 9.3.2 Stemming 219 9.3.3 Tagging 219 9.4 Modelling 220 9.4.1 Vector Space Modelling 220 9.4.2 On-line Knowledge 222 References 227 10 Supra-segmental Features 230 10.1 Functionals 231 10.2 Feature Brute-Forcing 232 10.3 Feature Stacking 233 References 234 11 Machine-Based Modelling 235 11.1 Feature Relevance Analysis 235 11.2 Machine Learning 238 11.2.1 Static Classification 238 11.2.2 Dynamic Classification: Hidden Markov Models 256 11.2.3 Regression 262 11.3 Testing Protocols 264 11.3.1 Partitioning 264 11.3.2 Balancing 266 11.3.3 Performance Measures 267 11.3.4 Result Interpretation 272 References 277 12 System Integration and Application 281 12.1 Distributed Processing 281 12.2 Autonomous and Collaborative Learning 284 12.3 Confidence Measures 286 References 287 13 'Hands-On': Existing Toolkits and Practical Tutorial 289 13.1 Related Toolkits 289 13.2 openSMILE 290 13.2.1 Available Feature Extractors 293 13.3 Practical Computational Paralinguistics How-to 294 13.3.1 Obtaining and Installing openSMILE 295 13.3.2 Extracting Features 295 13.3.3 Classification and Regression 302 References 303 14 Epilogue 304 Appendix 307 A.1 openSMILE Feature Sets Used at Interspeech Challenges 307 A.2 Feature Encoding Scheme 310 References 314 Index 315 |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910139008903321 |
Schuller Bjorn
|
||
| Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, , [2014] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Computational paralinguistics : emotion, affect and personality in speech and language processing / / Björn W. Schuller, Anton M. Batliner
| Computational paralinguistics : emotion, affect and personality in speech and language processing / / Björn W. Schuller, Anton M. Batliner |
| Autore | Schuller Bjorn |
| Edizione | [First edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, , [2014] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xxi, 321 pages ) : illustrations |
| Disciplina | 401/.90285 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BatlinerAnton |
| Soggetto topico |
Computational linguistics
Emotive (Linguistics) Human-computer interaction Language and emotions Linguistic models - Data processing Paralinguistics Psycholinguistics - Data processing Speech processing systems |
| ISBN |
1-118-70662-5
1-118-70666-8 1-118-70663-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Preface xiii Acknowledgements xv List of Abbreviations xvii Part I Foundations 1 Introduction 3 1.1 What is Computational Paralinguistics? A First Approximation 3 1.2 History and Subject Area 7 1.3 Form versus Function 10 1.4 Further Aspects 12 1.4.1 The Synthesis of Emotion and Personality 12 1.4.2 Multimodality: Analysis and Generation 13 1.4.3 Applications, Usability and Ethics 15 1.5 Summary and Structure of the Book 17 References 18 2 Taxonomies 21 2.1 Traits versus States 21 2.2 Acted versus Spontaneous 25 2.3 Complex versus Simple 30 2.4 Measured versus Assessed 31 2.5 Categorical versus Continuous 33 2.6 Felt versus Perceived 35 2.7 Intentional versus Instinctual 37 2.8 Consistent versus Discrepant 38 2.9 Private versus Social 39 2.10 Prototypical versus Peripheral 40 2.11 Universal versus Culture-Specific 41 2.12 Unimodal versus Multimodal 43 2.13 All These Taxonomies - So What? 44 2.13.1 Emotion Data: The FAU AEC 45 2.13.2 Non-native Data: The C-AuDiT corpus 47 References 48 3 Aspects of Modelling 53 3.1 Theories and Models of Personality 53 3.2 Theories and Models of Emotion and Affect 55 3.3 Type and Segmentation of Units 58 3.4 Typical versus Atypical Speech 60 3.5 Context 61 3.6 Lab versus Life, or Through the Looking Glass 62 3.7 Sheep and Goats, or Single Instance Decision versus Cumulative Evidence and Overall Performance 64 3.8 The Few and the Many, or How to Analyse a Hamburger 65 3.9 Reifications, and What You are Looking for is What You Get 67 3.10 Magical Numbers versus Sound Reasoning 68 References 74 4 Formal Aspects 79 4.1 The Linguistic Code and Beyond 79 4.2 The Non-Distinctive Use of Phonetic Elements 81 4.2.1 Segmental Level: The Case of /r/ Variants 81 4.2.2 Supra-segmental Level: The Case of Pitch and Fundamental Frequency - and of Other Prosodic Parameters 82 4.2.3 In Between: The Case of Other Voice Qualities, Especially Laryngealisation 86 4.3 The Non-Distinctive Use of Linguistics Elements 91 4.3.1 Words and Word Classes 91 4.3.2 Phrase Level: The Case of Filler Phrases and Hedges 94 4.4 Disfluencies 96 4.5 Non-Verbal, Vocal Events 98 4.6 Common Traits of Formal Aspects 100 References 101 5 Functional Aspects 107 5.1 Biological Trait Primitives 109 5.1.1 Speaker Characteristics 111 5.2 Cultural Trait Primitives 112 5.2.1 Speech Characteristics 114 5.3 Personality 115 5.4 Emotion and Affect 119 5.5 Subjectivity and Sentiment Analysis 123 5.6 Deviant Speech 124 5.6.1 Pathological Speech 125 5.6.2 Temporarily Deviant Speech 129 5.6.3 Non-native Speech 130 5.7 Social Signals 131 5.8 Discrepant Communication 135 5.8.1 Indirect Speech, Irony, and Sarcasm 136 5.8.2 Deceptive Speech 138 5.8.3 Off-Talk 139 5.9 Common Traits of Functional Aspects 140 References 141 6 Corpus Engineering 159 6.1 Annotation 160 6.1.1 Assessment of Annotations 161 6.1.2 New Trends 164 6.2 Corpora and Benchmarks: Some Examples 164 6.2.1 FAU Aibo Emotion Corpus 165 6.2.2 aGender Corpus 165 6.2.3 TUM AVIC Corpus 166 6.2.4 Alcohol Language Corpus 168 6.2.5 Sleepy Language Corpus 168 6.2.6 Speaker Personality Corpus 169 6.2.7 Speaker Likability Database 170 6.2.8 NKI CCRT Speech Corpus 171 6.2.9 TIMIT Database 171 6.2.10 Final Remarks on Databases 172 References 173 Part II Modelling 7 Computational Modelling of Paralinguistics: Overview 179 References 183 8 Acoustic Features 185 8.1 Digital Signal Representation 185 8.2 Short Time Analysis 187 8.3 Acoustic Segmentation 190 8.4 Continuous Descriptors 190 8.4.1 Intensity 190 8.4.2 Zero Crossings 191 8.4.3 Autocorrelation 192 8.4.4 Spectrum and Cepstrum 194 8.4.5 Linear Prediction 198 8.4.6 Line Spectral Pairs 202 8.4.7 Perceptual Linear Prediction 203 8.4.8 Formants 205 8.4.9 Fundamental Frequency and Voicing Probability 207 8.4.10 Jitter and Shimmer 212 8.4.11 Derived Low-Level Descriptors 214 References 214 9 Linguistic Features 217 9.1 Textual Descriptors 217 9.2 Preprocessing 218 9.3 Reduction 218 9.3.1 Stopping 218 9.3.2 Stemming 219 9.3.3 Tagging 219 9.4 Modelling 220 9.4.1 Vector Space Modelling 220 9.4.2 On-line Knowledge 222 References 227 10 Supra-segmental Features 230 10.1 Functionals 231 10.2 Feature Brute-Forcing 232 10.3 Feature Stacking 233 References 234 11 Machine-Based Modelling 235 11.1 Feature Relevance Analysis 235 11.2 Machine Learning 238 11.2.1 Static Classification 238 11.2.2 Dynamic Classification: Hidden Markov Models 256 11.2.3 Regression 262 11.3 Testing Protocols 264 11.3.1 Partitioning 264 11.3.2 Balancing 266 11.3.3 Performance Measures 267 11.3.4 Result Interpretation 272 References 277 12 System Integration and Application 281 12.1 Distributed Processing 281 12.2 Autonomous and Collaborative Learning 284 12.3 Confidence Measures 286 References 287 13 'Hands-On': Existing Toolkits and Practical Tutorial 289 13.1 Related Toolkits 289 13.2 openSMILE 290 13.2.1 Available Feature Extractors 293 13.3 Practical Computational Paralinguistics How-to 294 13.3.1 Obtaining and Installing openSMILE 295 13.3.2 Extracting Features 295 13.3.3 Classification and Regression 302 References 303 14 Epilogue 304 Appendix 307 A.1 openSMILE Feature Sets Used at Interspeech Challenges 307 A.2 Feature Encoding Scheme 310 References 314 Index 315 |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910818616003321 |
|
Schuller Bjorn
|
||
| Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, , [2014] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
The language of pain [[electronic resource] ] : expression or description? / / Chryssoula Lascaratou
| The language of pain [[electronic resource] ] : expression or description? / / Chryssoula Lascaratou |
| Autore | Lascaratou Chryssoula |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (251 p.) |
| Disciplina | 410.1/9 |
| Collana | Converging evidence in language and communication research |
| Soggetto topico |
Psycholinguistics - Data processing
Pain - Data processing Lexicology - Data processing Greek language, Modern - Psychological aspects - Data processing |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-282-15270-X
9786612152702 90-272-9205-1 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910454526403321 |
|
Lascaratou Chryssoula
|
||
| Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
The language of pain [[electronic resource] ] : expression or description? / / Chryssoula Lascaratou
| The language of pain [[electronic resource] ] : expression or description? / / Chryssoula Lascaratou |
| Autore | Lascaratou Chryssoula |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (251 p.) |
| Disciplina | 410.1/9 |
| Collana | Converging evidence in language and communication research |
| Soggetto topico |
Psycholinguistics - Data processing
Pain - Data processing Lexicology - Data processing Greek language, Modern - Psychological aspects - Data processing |
| ISBN |
1-282-15270-X
9786612152702 90-272-9205-1 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910782165503321 |
|
Lascaratou Chryssoula
|
||
| Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
The language of pain : expression or description? / / Chryssoula Lascaratou
| The language of pain : expression or description? / / Chryssoula Lascaratou |
| Autore | Lascaratou Chryssoula |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (251 p.) |
| Disciplina | 410.1/9 |
| Collana | Converging evidence in language and communication research |
| Soggetto topico |
Psycholinguistics - Data processing
Pain - Data processing Lexicology - Data processing Greek language, Modern - Psychological aspects - Data processing |
| ISBN |
9786612152702
9781282152700 128215270X 9789027292056 9027292051 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
The Language of Pain -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Dedication -- Table of contents -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Pain and language -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 The language of pain -- 2.2.1 What is pain? -- 2.2.1.1 The IASP definition and reasons for adopting it -- 2.2.1.2 Other attempts at interpreting and defining pain -- 2.2.2 What is language for pain? -- 2.2.2.1 Wittgenstein's 'private language argument' and pain -- 2.2.2.2 The function of pain language: Expressive and/or descriptive? -- 2.2.2.3 How is pain transformed into language? -- 2.2.3 What is pain for language? -- 3. Corpus design and data collection -- 4. Mode of analysis -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Halliday's process types in modelling experience -- 5. Data analysis and general discussion -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Pain: process, participant or quality? -- 5.3 Key lexical items and their frequencies -- 6. The construal of pain as process -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Foolen's account of the communication of emotions and pain behaviour -- 6.3 General characteristics of pain as process -- 6.4 Process types and structural functions in ponao constructions -- 6.4.1 Concluding remarks -- 7. The construal of pain as thing-participant -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Grammatically construed semantic properties of ponos -- 7.2.1 Ponos as a bounded or an unbounded thing -- 7.2.2 Ponos as a possession: Acquired, received, owned, and lost -- 7.2.3 The temporal location and extent of ponos -- 7.2.4 The accompanying conditions of ponos: a temporal nexus -- 7.2.5 The variable location of ponos within the body -- 7.2.6 The degree of intensity and the variable qualities of ponos: Mapping the Greek data onto the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) -- 7.2.6.1 The intensity of pain -- 7.2.6.2 The variable qualities of pain -- 7.2.7 Concluding remarks.
7.3 Structural configurations featuring ponos as participant -- 7.3.1 Concluding remarks -- 8. Pain and metaphor -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 The conceptual grounding of ponos metaphorsand their linguistic realisation -- 8.2.1 The grammaticalisation of ponos as object of the verbs exo, esθanome, and njoθo -- 8.2.2 The grammaticalisation of ponos as subject in intransitive structures -- 8.2.3 The grammaticalisation of ponos as subject in transitive structures -- 8.2.4 The construal of ponos as circumstance of cause -- 8.2.5 The grammaticalisation of ponos as object in transitive structures -- 8.3 Lost for words -- 8.4 Concluding remarks -- 9. Conclusions -- References -- Appendix A: Pain as process -- Appendix B: Pain as thing -- Appendix C -- 1. Private physiotherapy clinic. Dialogue No 6 -- 2. Metaxa Cancer Hospital, pain management clinic. Dialogue No 17 -- Name index -- Subject index -- The series Converging Evidence in Language and Communication Research. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910959811103321 |
|
Lascaratou Chryssoula
|
||
| Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Pub. Co., c2007 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
