Info
Banks and Labor as Stakeholders : : Impact on Economic Performance / / Kenichi Ueda, Stijn Claessens
| Banks and Labor as Stakeholders : : Impact on Economic Performance / / Kenichi Ueda, Stijn Claessens |
| Autore | Ueda Kenichi |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (41 p.) |
| Disciplina | 332.10973 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | ClaessensStijn |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Banks and banking - State supervision - United States
Working class - United States Corporate governance - United States Industrial productivity - United States Banks and Banking Labor Macroeconomics Labor Contracts Banks Depository Institutions Micro Finance Institutions Mortgages Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: Public Policy Labor Economics: General Macroeconomics: Production Labour income economics Banking Employment protection Minimum wages Production growth Manpower policy Banks and banking Minimum wage Labor economics Production Economic theory |
| ISBN |
1-4623-4166-7
1-4527-8338-1 1-4518-7087-6 9786612841804 1-282-84180-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Contents; I. Introduction; II. Related Literature; III. Data, Empirical Methodology and Regressions Results; A. Data; B. State-Level Regressions; C. State-Industry Level Benchmark Regressions; D. Robustness Checks; IV. Conclusions; Figures; 1a. The Adpotion of Financial Deregulation; 1b. The Adoption of Anti-Takeover Statutes; 1c. The Adpotion of Employment Protection; 2a. The Pattern of Financial Deregulation and Adoption of Employment Protection; 2b. The Pattern of Financial Deregulation and Adoption of Employment Protection; Tables; 1a. Correlations Among State-Level Institutional Change
1b. Correlations Among Industry-Level Characteristics1c. Averages and Standard Deviations of Main Variables; 2a. State Level Regressions-Gross State Product; 2b. State Level Regressions-Non-Financial Sector Gross State Product; 3. State-Indistry Level Regressions-Benchmark (Schooling); 4. State-Industry Level Regressions-Intangible/Fixed Assets; 5. State-Industry Level Regressions-Sales/Fixed Assets; 6a. State-Indistry Level Regressions-Panel GMM for AR(1) Specification; 6b. State-Indistry Level Regressions- Panel GMM for AR(2) Specification; References |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788345703321 |
Ueda Kenichi
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Banks and Labor as Stakeholders : : Impact on Economic Performance / / Kenichi Ueda, Stijn Claessens
| Banks and Labor as Stakeholders : : Impact on Economic Performance / / Kenichi Ueda, Stijn Claessens |
| Autore | Ueda Kenichi |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (41 p.) |
| Disciplina | 332.10973 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | ClaessensStijn |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Banks and banking - State supervision - United States
Working class - United States Corporate governance - United States Industrial productivity - United States Banking Banks and Banking Banks and banking Banks Depository Institutions Economic theory Employment protection Income economics Labor Contracts Labor economics Labor Economics: General Labor Labour Macroeconomics Macroeconomics: Production Manpower policy Micro Finance Institutions Minimum wage Minimum wages Mortgages Production growth Production Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: Public Policy |
| ISBN |
9786612841804
9781462341665 1462341667 9781452783383 1452783381 9781451870879 1451870876 9781282841802 1282841807 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Contents; I. Introduction; II. Related Literature; III. Data, Empirical Methodology and Regressions Results; A. Data; B. State-Level Regressions; C. State-Industry Level Benchmark Regressions; D. Robustness Checks; IV. Conclusions; Figures; 1a. The Adpotion of Financial Deregulation; 1b. The Adoption of Anti-Takeover Statutes; 1c. The Adpotion of Employment Protection; 2a. The Pattern of Financial Deregulation and Adoption of Employment Protection; 2b. The Pattern of Financial Deregulation and Adoption of Employment Protection; Tables; 1a. Correlations Among State-Level Institutional Change
1b. Correlations Among Industry-Level Characteristics1c. Averages and Standard Deviations of Main Variables; 2a. State Level Regressions-Gross State Product; 2b. State Level Regressions-Non-Financial Sector Gross State Product; 3. State-Indistry Level Regressions-Benchmark (Schooling); 4. State-Industry Level Regressions-Intangible/Fixed Assets; 5. State-Industry Level Regressions-Sales/Fixed Assets; 6a. State-Indistry Level Regressions-Panel GMM for AR(1) Specification; 6b. State-Indistry Level Regressions- Panel GMM for AR(2) Specification; References |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910965542703321 |
|
Ueda Kenichi
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||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Caribbean Growth in an International Perspective : : The Role of Tourism and Size / / Nita Thacker, Sebastian Acevedo Mejia, Roberto Perrelli
| Caribbean Growth in an International Perspective : : The Role of Tourism and Size / / Nita Thacker, Sebastian Acevedo Mejia, Roberto Perrelli |
| Autore | Thacker Nita |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (36 p.) |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
Acevedo MejiaSebastian
PerrelliRoberto |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Tourism - Caribbean Area
Economic development - Caribbean Area Macroeconomics Public Finance Industries: Hospital,Travel and Tourism Production and Operations Management Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Models with Panel Data Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General Economywide Country Studies: Latin America Caribbean Sports Gambling Restaurants Recreation Tourism Production Cost Capital and Total Factor Productivity Capacity Macroeconomics: Production National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General Labor Economics: General Hospitality, leisure & tourism industries Public finance & taxation Labour income economics Total factor productivity Productivity Public expenditure review Labor Economic sectors Expenditure Production growth Industrial productivity Expenditures, Public Labor economics Economic theory |
| ISBN |
1-4755-1207-4
1-4755-1206-6 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Catching Up or Falling Behind? A Caribbean Tale; Figures; Figure 1. Caribbean: Ratio of Per capita GDP (PPP) to Relevant Comparators, 1970-2009; III. Accounting for Growth in the Caribbean; A. Analytical Framework; B. Growth Accounting Results; Figure 2. ECCU: Contributions to Growth, 1970-2007; Figure 3. Other Caribbean: Contributions to Growth, 1970-2007; C. Level Accounting Results; IV. The Tourism and Growth Nexus in the Caribbean; A. A Brief Review of the Literature; B. The Proposed Econometric Approach; C. The Impact of Tourism on Growth Levels
Figure 4. Caribbean: Factors Contributing to Caribbean Growth vis-à-vis the World D. The Impact of Tourism on Growth Volatility; E. Tourism, Size and Growth Accounting; V. Concluding Remarks; References; Appendix: Data and Variables; Tables; Table 1. ECCU: Growth Accounting 1970-2007; Table 2. Other Caribbean: Growth Accounting 1970-2007; Table 3. ECCU: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to Barbados Values, 1970-2007; Table 4. Other Caribbean: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to Barbados Values, 1970-2007 Table 5. ECCU: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to U.S. Values, 1970-2007 Table 6. Other Caribbean: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to U.S. Values, 1970-2007; Table 7. Tourism and Growth Estimations; Table 8. Tourism and Small Islands Interaction Estimations; Table 9. Tourism and Growth Estimations Robustness; Table 10. Growth Volatility Estimations; Table 11. Growth Accounting Estimations; Table 12. List of Countries |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910786473903321 |
|
Thacker Nita
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Caribbean Growth in an International Perspective : : The Role of Tourism and Size / / Nita Thacker, Sebastian Acevedo Mejia, Roberto Perrelli
| Caribbean Growth in an International Perspective : : The Role of Tourism and Size / / Nita Thacker, Sebastian Acevedo Mejia, Roberto Perrelli |
| Autore | Thacker Nita |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (36 p.) |
| Disciplina | 332.1;332.1/532 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
Acevedo MejiaSebastian
PerrelliRoberto |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Tourism - Caribbean Area
Economic development - Caribbean Area Capacity Capital and Total Factor Productivity Caribbean Cost Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity: General Economic sectors Economic theory Economywide Country Studies: Latin America Expenditure Expenditures, Public Gambling Hospitality, leisure & tourism industries Income economics Industrial productivity Industries: Hospital,Travel and Tourism Labor economics Labor Economics: General Labor Labour Macroeconomics Macroeconomics: Production Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models: Models with Panel Data National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General Production and Operations Management Production growth Production Productivity Public expenditure review Public finance & taxation Public Finance Recreation Restaurants Sports Total factor productivity Tourism |
| ISBN |
9781475512076
1475512074 9781475512069 1475512066 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Catching Up or Falling Behind? A Caribbean Tale; Figures; Figure 1. Caribbean: Ratio of Per capita GDP (PPP) to Relevant Comparators, 1970-2009; III. Accounting for Growth in the Caribbean; A. Analytical Framework; B. Growth Accounting Results; Figure 2. ECCU: Contributions to Growth, 1970-2007; Figure 3. Other Caribbean: Contributions to Growth, 1970-2007; C. Level Accounting Results; IV. The Tourism and Growth Nexus in the Caribbean; A. A Brief Review of the Literature; B. The Proposed Econometric Approach; C. The Impact of Tourism on Growth Levels
Figure 4. Caribbean: Factors Contributing to Caribbean Growth vis-à-vis the World D. The Impact of Tourism on Growth Volatility; E. Tourism, Size and Growth Accounting; V. Concluding Remarks; References; Appendix: Data and Variables; Tables; Table 1. ECCU: Growth Accounting 1970-2007; Table 2. Other Caribbean: Growth Accounting 1970-2007; Table 3. ECCU: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to Barbados Values, 1970-2007; Table 4. Other Caribbean: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to Barbados Values, 1970-2007 Table 5. ECCU: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to U.S. Values, 1970-2007 Table 6. Other Caribbean: Output Growth and its Components: Ratio to U.S. Values, 1970-2007; Table 7. Tourism and Growth Estimations; Table 8. Tourism and Small Islands Interaction Estimations; Table 9. Tourism and Growth Estimations Robustness; Table 10. Growth Volatility Estimations; Table 11. Growth Accounting Estimations; Table 12. List of Countries |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910957398003321 |
|
Thacker Nita
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
China : : Competing in the Global Economy / / Wanda Tseng, Markus Rodlauer
| China : : Competing in the Global Economy / / Wanda Tseng, Markus Rodlauer |
| Autore | Tseng Wanda |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2003 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (238 p.) |
| Disciplina | 338.951 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | RodlauerMarkus |
| Collana | Books |
| Soggetto topico |
Competition, International
Macroeconomics Banks and Banking Exports and Imports Production and Operations Management Industries: Financial Services Money and Monetary Policy Foreign Exchange Central Banks and Their Policies International Investment Long-term Capital Movements Banks Depository Institutions Micro Finance Institutions Mortgages Production Cost Capital and Total Factor Productivity Capacity Macroeconomics: Production Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General Economic & financial crises & disasters Banking Finance Public finance & taxation Monetary economics International economics Financial crises Central banks Foreign direct investment Balance of payments Total factor productivity Nonperforming loans Financial institutions Bank credit Money Personal income National accounts Production growth Currency crises Banks and banking, Central Investments, Foreign Loans Industrial productivity Economic theory Credit |
| ISBN |
1-4623-2906-3
1-4552-5162-3 1-283-53657-9 9786613849021 1-4552-7279-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910780751503321 |
|
Tseng Wanda
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2003 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
China : : Competing in the Global Economy / / Wanda Tseng, Markus Rodlauer
| China : : Competing in the Global Economy / / Wanda Tseng, Markus Rodlauer |
| Autore | Tseng Wanda |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2003 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (238 p.) |
| Disciplina | 338.951 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | RodlauerMarkus |
| Collana | Books |
| Soggetto topico |
Competition, International
Balance of payments Bank credit Banking Banks and Banking Banks and banking, Central Banks Capacity Capital and Total Factor Productivity Central Banks and Their Policies Central banks Cost Credit Currency crises Depository Institutions Economic & financial crises & disasters Economic theory Exports and Imports Finance Financial crises Financial institutions Foreign direct investment Foreign Exchange Industrial productivity Industries: Financial Services International economics International Investment Investments, Foreign Loans Long-term Capital Movements Macroeconomics Macroeconomics: Production Micro Finance Institutions Monetary economics Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General Money and Monetary Policy Money Mortgages National accounts Nonperforming loans Personal income Production and Operations Management Production growth Production Public finance & taxation Total factor productivity |
| ISBN |
9786613849021
9781462329069 1462329063 9781455251629 1455251623 9781283536578 1283536579 9781455272792 1455272795 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- 1 Introduction and Overview -- 2 How Fast Can China Grow? -- 3 Provincial Growth Dynamics -- 4 The Growth-Financial Development Nexus -- 5 Foreign Direct Investment in China: Some Lessons for Other Countries -- 6 Foreign Direct Investment and Output Growth -- 7 China and the Asian Crisis -- 8 Medium-Term Fiscal Issues -- 9 State Enterprise Reforms -- 10 Financial System Soundness and Reform -- 11 The Finances of China's Enterprise Sector -- 12 The Impact of WTO Accession -- 13 Exchange Rate Policy -- Although. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910955230203321 |
|
Tseng Wanda
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2003 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Dissecting Taylor Rules in a Structural VAR / / Woon Choi, Yi Wen
| Dissecting Taylor Rules in a Structural VAR / / Woon Choi, Yi Wen |
| Autore | Choi Woon |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2010 |
| Descrizione fisica | 26 p. : ill |
| Altri autori (Persone) | WenYi |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Monetary policy - Mathematical models
Taylor's rule Banks and Banking Inflation Macroeconomics Economic Theory Model Construction and Estimation Monetary Policy Price Level Deflation Macroeconomics: Production Agriculture: Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis Prices Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) Economic theory & philosophy Banking Economic growth Production growth Supply shocks Central bank policy rate Business cycles Production Economic theory Financial services Supply and demand Interest rates |
| ISBN |
1-4623-1640-9
9786612845284 1-4527-0464-3 1-4519-6229-0 1-282-84528-4 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788310703321 |
|
Choi Woon
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2010 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Dissecting Taylor Rules in a Structural VAR / / Woon Choi, Yi Wen
| Dissecting Taylor Rules in a Structural VAR / / Woon Choi, Yi Wen |
| Autore | Choi Woon |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2010 |
| Descrizione fisica | 26 p. : ill |
| Disciplina | 332.15238 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | WenYi |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Monetary policy - Mathematical models
Taylor's rule Agriculture: Aggregate Supply and Demand Analysis Banking Banks and Banking Business cycles Central bank policy rate Deflation Economic growth Economic theory & philosophy Economic Theory Economic theory Financial services Inflation Interest rates Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects Macroeconomics Macroeconomics: Production Model Construction and Estimation Monetary Policy Price Level Prices Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) Production growth Production Supply and demand Supply shocks |
| ISBN |
9786612845284
9781462316403 1462316409 9781452704647 1452704643 9781451962291 1451962290 9781282845282 1282845284 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Intro -- Contents -- I. Introduction -- II. Econometric Framework for New Taylor Rules -- A. Identification -- B. Uncovering New Taylor Rules -- III. Empirical Results -- A. Data -- B. Impulse Responses and Historical Decompositions -- C. Spectra of Structural Shocks -- D. Uncovering and Dissecting Taylor Rules -- IV. Counterfactual Experiments -- V. Conclusion -- References -- Tables -- 1. Spectral Decompositions of Volatility at Frequency Ranges -- 2. Policy Coefficients in New Taylor Rules -- 3. Conventional Taylor Rules: GMM Estimation -- Figures -- 1. Output Growth, Inflation, and Interest Rate -- 2. Impulse Responses to Shocks -- 3. Historical Decompositions of Variables by Shocks and Distributions -- 4. Time Profiles of Taylor Rule Coefficients -- 5. Effects of the Contemporaneous Rule: Counterfactual Simulation -- 6. Impacts of the Contemporaneous Rule on Variance: Spectral Decomposition. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910973988603321 |
|
Choi Woon
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2010 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity in Niger / / Jean-Claude Nachega, Thomson Fontaine
| Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity in Niger / / Jean-Claude Nachega, Thomson Fontaine |
| Autore | Nachega Jean-Claude |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (30 p.) |
| Altri autori (Persone) | FontaineThomson |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Industrial productivity - Niger
Investments: General Labor Macroeconomics Production and Operations Management Natural Disasters Production Cost Capital and Total Factor Productivity Capacity Investment Capital Intangible Capital Human Capital Skills Occupational Choice Labor Productivity Climate Natural Disasters and Their Management Global Warming Macroeconomics: Production Labour income economics Natural disasters Total factor productivity Capital accumulation Human capital Production growth Industrial productivity Saving and investment Economic theory |
| ISBN |
1-4623-0237-8
1-4519-9036-7 1-283-51817-1 1-4519-0921-7 9786613830623 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC BACKGROUND""; ""III. THEORY, METHODOLOGY, AND DATA""; ""IV. EMPIRICAL RESULTS""; ""V. CONCLUSIONS""; ""References"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788696303321 |
|
Nachega Jean-Claude
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity in Niger / / Jean-Claude Nachega, Thomson Fontaine
| Economic Growth and Total Factor Productivity in Niger / / Jean-Claude Nachega, Thomson Fontaine |
| Autore | Nachega Jean-Claude |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (30 p.) |
| Altri autori (Persone) | FontaineThomson |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Industrial productivity - Niger
Capacity Capital accumulation Capital and Total Factor Productivity Capital Climate Cost Economic theory Global Warming Human Capital Human capital Income economics Industrial productivity Intangible Capital Investment Investments: General Labor Productivity Labor Labour Macroeconomics Macroeconomics: Production Natural Disasters and Their Management Natural Disasters Natural disasters Occupational Choice Production and Operations Management Production growth Production Saving and investment Skills Total factor productivity |
| ISBN |
9786613830623
9781462302376 1462302378 9781451990362 1451990367 9781283518178 1283518171 9781451909210 1451909217 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC BACKGROUND""; ""III. THEORY, METHODOLOGY, AND DATA""; ""IV. EMPIRICAL RESULTS""; ""V. CONCLUSIONS""; ""References"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910958654703321 |
|
Nachega Jean-Claude
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Soggetto topico
- Economic theory (19)
- Macroeconomics (19)
- Macroeconomics: Production (19)
- Production (19)
-
Production growth
(19)
