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Clinical Child Neurology [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Mustafa A.M. Salih
| Clinical Child Neurology [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Mustafa A.M. Salih |
| Edizione | [1st ed. 2020.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2020 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (1,423 pages) |
| Disciplina | 618.928 |
| Soggetto topico |
Neurology
Pediatrics Neurology Malalties cerebrovasculars Malalties cerebrals Malalties del sistema nerviós central Neurologia pediàtrica |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Llibres electrònics |
| ISBN | 3-319-43153-6 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Approach to status epilepticus -- Clinical features and management of childhood epileptic syndromes -- The genetics of childhood epilepsy: A clinical approach -- Management of neonatal and infantile seizures -- Management of refractory childhood epilepsy and epilepsy surgery -- New treatments for childhood epilepsy -- Neurodevelopment and social impact of childhood epilepsy -- Diseases of the lower motor unit -- Standards of care for childhood neuromuscular disorders -- Neuroinfections in childhood -- Neurological aspects of neglected tropical diseases -- Childhood neuroinflammatory disorders -- Childhood neurodegenerative disorders (ataxias and hereditary spastic paraplegia) -- Movement disorders in childhood -- Childhood neuro-ophthalmic disorders -- Traumatic brain injury and disorders of intracranial pressure in children -- Cerebrovascular disease in children -- Tumors of the brain and spine, and paraneoplastic disorders in childhood -- Pain management, palliative care and ethical issues in child neurology. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910407729203321 |
| Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2020 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Diffusion weighted MR imaging of the brain, head and neck, and spine / / Toshio Moritani, Aristides A. Capizzano, editors
| Diffusion weighted MR imaging of the brain, head and neck, and spine / / Toshio Moritani, Aristides A. Capizzano, editors |
| Edizione | [Third edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (931 pages) |
| Disciplina | 616.8047548 |
| Soggetto topico |
Brain - Magnetic resonance imaging
Brain - Diseases - Diagnosis Head - Magnetic resonance imaging Ressonància magnètica Malalties cerebrals Malalties del sistema nerviós central Coll Cap Cervell Columna vertebral |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Llibres electrònics |
| ISBN | 3-030-62120-0 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface to the 3rd edition -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Editors and Contributors -- Editors -- Authors -- Contributors -- Part I: Principles of DW Imaging -- 1: Basics of Diffusion Measurements by MRI -- 1.1 Diffusion: A Probabilistic Process -- 1.2 Diffusion Imaging in MR -- 1.3 Diffusion Imaging of the Brain -- 1.4 Principles of Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Imaging -- 1.5 Apparent Diffusion Coefficient -- 1.6 Diffusion Represents a Molecular Event -- 1.7 Requirements in Clinical Diffusion Imaging -- 1.8 Setting the b Value in Clinical DW Imaging -- 1.9 Future Trends in Clinical Diffusion Imaging -- References -- 2: Diffusion-Weighted and Tensor Imaging of the Normal Brain -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Adult Brain -- 2.2.1 Low Signal in Basal Ganglia -- 2.2.2 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Gray and White Matter -- 2.2.3 Choroid Plexus -- 2.3 Pediatric Brain -- 2.3.1 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and ADC of the Pediatric Brain -- 2.4 Diffusion Tensor Imaging and White Matter Anatomy -- 2.4.1 Association Fibers -- 2.4.2 Projection Fibers -- 2.4.3 Commissural Fibers -- 2.4.4 Fibers of the Brain Stem and Cerebellum -- 2.4.5 Clinical Importance of White Matter Fiber Anatomy -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- 3: Pitfalls and Artifacts of Diffusion-Weighted Imaging -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Influence of ADC and T2 on the DW Appearance -- 3.2.1 Concepts -- 3.2.2 Apparent Diffusion Coefficient Maps -- 3.2.3 Exponential Images -- 3.3 Clinical Conditions -- 3.3.1 T2 Shine-Through -- 3.3.2 T2 Washout -- 3.3.3 T2 Blackout -- 3.4 Artifacts -- 3.4.1 Eddy Current Artifacts -- 3.4.2 Susceptibility Artifacts -- 3.4.3 N/2 Ghosting Artifact (Nyquist Ghost) -- 3.4.4 Chemical Shift -- 3.4.5 Motion Artifacts -- 3.5 Conclusion -- References -- 4: Diffusion Tensor and Kurtosis -- 4.1 Introduction.
4.1.1 Theoretical Considerations for Diffusion Tensor and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging -- 4.1.1.1 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging -- 4.1.1.2 Diffusion Tensor Imaging Based on a Gaussian Distribution -- 4.1.1.3 Non-Gaussian Diffusion and Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging -- 4.1.2 Studies Using Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging for Central Nervous System Diseases -- 4.1.2.1 Cerebrovascular Diseases -- 4.1.2.2 Brain Tumors -- 4.1.2.3 Demyelinating Diseases -- 4.1.2.4 Neurodegenerative Diseases -- 4.1.2.5 Normal Brain Development and Developmental Abnormalities -- 4.1.3 Glymphatic System and Diffusion Imaging -- 4.2 Conclusion -- References -- 5: Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Imaging -- 5.1 Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Concept -- 5.2 IVIM Imaging -- 5.3 Methods of IVIM Analysis -- 5.4 Neuroimaging Applications of IVIM Imaging -- 5.4.1 Physiological Applications -- 5.4.2 IVIM Imaging of Brain Tumors -- 5.4.3 IVIM Imaging of Gliomas -- 5.4.4 Other Brain Tumors -- 5.4.5 Stroke and Brain Ischemia -- 5.4.6 Head and Neck Lesions -- 5.5 Pitfalls and Technical Limitations -- References -- 6: Functional MRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Functional MRI -- 6.3 HRF and BOLD Imaging -- 6.4 Regional Organization of Brain Systems -- 6.4.1 Primary Sensorimotor Cortex -- 6.4.2 Primary Language Areas -- 6.4.3 Primary Visual and Association Cortex -- 6.4.4 Supplementary Motor Areas -- 6.5 Paradigms and Design -- 6.6 Functional Mapping in Brain Tumor Surgery -- 6.7 Pearls and Pitfalls of Interpretation -- 6.8 Diffusion Tensor Imaging -- 6.9 White Matter Tracts -- 6.9.1 Projection Fibers -- 6.9.2 Association Fibers -- 6.9.3 Commissural Fibers -- 6.9.4 Fibers of Brainstem and Cerebellum -- 6.10 Diffusion Fiber Tracking -- 6.11 Presurgical Brain Mapping with DTI -- References -- 7: Physics of Advanced Diffusion Imaging. 7.1 Pitfalls of the Diffusion Tensor Model -- 7.2 Diffusion Signal of Crossing Fibers -- 7.3 Modifications to the Single Exponential Decay Assumption -- 7.4 Biophysical Compartment Models -- 7.5 Q-Space Imaging Approaches -- 7.6 Summary of Advanced Diffusion Protocols -- 7.7 Future Development of Advanced Diffusion Studies -- References -- Part II: Clinical Applications of DW Imaging -- 8: Brain Edema -- 8.1 Characterization and Classification of Brain Edema -- 8.2 Cytotoxic or Cellular Edema -- 8.3 Pathophysiology of Cytotoxic Edema -- 8.3.1 Energy Failure -- 8.3.2 Excitotoxic Brain Injury -- 8.3.3 Cytokinopathy/Cytokine Storm and Excitotoxic Mechanisms (Fig. 8.14) -- 8.4 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Cytotoxic Edema -- 8.4.1 Conditions that Cause Cytotoxic Edema, and Reversibility -- 8.4.1.1 Cytotoxic Edema of Neurons and Glial Cells -- 8.4.1.2 Cytotoxic Edema and Cortical Spreading Depolarization/Depression -- 8.4.1.3 Axonal Swelling -- 8.4.1.4 Intramyelinic Edema -- 8.5 Vasogenic or Interstitial Edema -- 8.5.1 Conditions that Cause Vasogenic Edema -- 8.6 Diffusion Tensor Imaging and Edema -- 8.7 Conclusion -- 8.7.1 Cytotoxic or Cellular Edema -- 8.7.2 Vasogenic Edema -- 8.8 Brain Edema-Treatment -- 8.8.1 Introduction -- 8.8.2 Types of Cerebral Edema and Diagnosis -- 8.8.3 Mechanisms of Cerebral Edema by Pathology -- 8.8.3.1 Tumor-Associated Edema -- 8.8.3.2 Stroke-Associated Edema -- 8.8.3.3 Intracranial Hemorrhage-Associated Edema -- 8.8.3.4 Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Edema -- 8.8.4 Diagnosis and Clinical Monitoring of Cerebral Edema -- 8.8.5 Medical Management of Cerebral Edema -- 8.8.5.1 General Measures -- 8.8.5.2 Tumor-Related Edema -- 8.8.5.3 Stroke-Related Edema -- 8.8.5.4 Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Edema -- 8.8.6 Surgical Management of Cerebral Edema -- 8.8.6.1 Tumor-Related Edema. 8.8.6.2 Stroke-Related Edema -- 8.8.6.3 Traumatic Brain Injury-Associated Edema -- 8.8.7 Future of Edema Management -- 8.8.8 Summary of Cerebral Edema Treatment -- References -- 9: Infarction -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging (DWI) -- 9.2 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and Pathophysiology of Cerebral Infarction -- 9.3 Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) -- 9.3.1 Explanation for Restricted Diffusion -- 9.4 Time Course of Infarction -- 9.4.1 Hyperacute (< -- 6 h) -- 9.4.2 Acute (6 h to 3 Days) -- 9.4.3 Subacute (3 Days to 3 Weeks) -- 9.4.4 Chronic (3 Weeks to 3 Months) -- 9.5 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging and ADC Characteristics of Gray and White Matter Ischemia -- 9.6 Reversibility and Treatment -- 9.7 Watershed Infarction -- 9.8 Perfusion Versus Diffusion Imaging -- 9.9 Venous Infarction -- 9.9.1 Predisposing Factors -- 9.9.2 Pathophysiology and Imaging -- 9.10 Small Vessel (Lacunar) Infarcts -- 9.11 Brain Stem and Cerebellar Infarcts -- 9.12 Atypical Infarcts -- 9.12.1 Anterior Choroidal Artery -- 9.12.2 Subcallosal Artery -- 9.12.3 Recurrent Artery of Heubner -- 9.12.4 Artery of Percheron -- 9.12.5 Transient Global Amnesia -- 9.12.6 Corpus Callosum Infarcts -- 9.13 Stroke Mimickers -- 9.13.1 Hemiplegic Migraine -- 9.13.2 Stroke-like Migraine Attacks after Radiation Therapy (SMART) Syndrome -- 9.14 Hemorrhagic Infarcts -- 9.15 Diffusion Tensor Imaging -- 9.16 High-b-Value Diffusion-Weighted Imaging -- 9.17 Thin-Section Diffusion-Weighted Imaging -- 9.18 Treatment of Ischemic Stroke -- 9.18.1 Procedural Details and Considerations -- References -- 10: Intracranial Hemorrhage -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 lntraparenchymal Hemorrhages: Appearance and Evolution (Fig. 10.1 and Tables 10.1 and 10.2) -- 10.2.1 Hyperacute Hematoma -- 10.2.2 Acute Hematoma -- 10.2.3 Early Subacute Hematoma. 10.2.4 Late Subacute Hematomas -- 10.2.5 Chronic Hematomas -- 10.2.6 Perihematomal Edema and Injury -- 10.3 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage -- 10.4 Subdural and Epidural Hematoma -- 10.5 Intraventricular Hemorrhage -- 10.6 Intratumoral Hemorrhage -- 10.7 Hemorrhage Related to Vascular Malformation -- 10.8 Hemorrhage Related to Trauma (See Also Chap. 17) -- 10.9 Conclusions -- 10.10 Treatment of Intracranial Hemorrhage -- 10.10.1 Introduction -- 10.10.2 Extra-axial Hemorrhage (Epidural and Subdural Hematoma) -- 10.10.2.1 Epidemiology -- 10.10.2.2 Pathophysiology -- 10.10.2.3 Clinical Presentation -- 10.10.2.4 Diagnosis -- 10.10.2.5 Imaging -- 10.10.2.6 Acute Management -- 10.10.2.7 Surgical Management -- 10.10.2.8 Medical Management -- 10.10.2.9 Prognosis -- 10.10.3 Subarachnoid Hemorrhage -- 10.10.3.1 Epidemiology -- 10.10.3.2 Pathophysiology -- 10.10.3.3 Clinical Presentation -- 10.10.3.4 Diagnosis -- 10.10.3.5 Imaging -- 10.10.3.6 Acute Management -- 10.10.3.7 Surgical Management -- 10.10.3.8 Medical Management -- 10.10.3.9 Prognosis -- 10.10.4 Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage -- 10.10.4.1 Epidemiology/Pathophysiology -- 10.10.4.2 Clinical Presentation/Diagnosis/Imaging -- 10.10.4.3 Surgical Management -- 10.10.4.4 Medical Management -- 10.10.4.5 Prognosis -- 10.10.5 Summary -- References -- 11: Vasculopathy and Vasculitis -- 11.1 Definition -- 11.2 Clinical Presentation -- 11.3 Role of Imaging -- 11.4 Treatment -- 11.5 Vasculitis of the CNS -- 11.5.1 Primary Angiitis of the Central Nervous System -- 11.5.2 Giant Cell (Temporal) Arteritis -- 11.5.3 Takayasu's Arteritis (Aortitis Syndrome) -- 11.5.4 Polyarteritis Nodosa -- 11.5.5 Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis (Churg-Strauss Syndrome) -- 11.5.6 Other Small Vessel Vasculitis -- 11.5.7 Variable Vessel Vasculitis -- 11.5.7.1 Bechet's Disease. 11.5.7.2 Cogan Syndrome. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910484583403321 |
| Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
