Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Clinical Approaches to the COVID-19 Pandemic -- Introduction -- Epidemiology -- Virology -- Presentation -- Children -- Adults -- Admission Criteria -- COVID-19 Management -- General Therapy Guidelines -- Dexamethasone and Other Corticosteroids -- Remdesivir -- Antibody Therapy -- Other Therapies -- Treatment of Coinfections -- Management of Complications -- Discharge from the Hospital -- Vaccination -- Special Considerations -- Psychiatric Complications of COVID-19 -- Antenatal Care and Pregnancy Issues -- Changes to Regular Prenatal Care -- Implications for Pregnant and COVID-19-Positive Patients -- Labor and Delivery -- Postpartum Care -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease -- Introduction -- Factors Causing IBD Flares -- Crohn's Disease -- Presentation of Crohn's Disease Flares -- Severity of Crohn's Disease -- Disease Impact on the Patient -- Disease Burden -- Disease Course -- Evaluation of Crohn's Disease -- Management for Crohn's Disease -- Management of Intra-abdominal Abscesses (IAA) Due to Crohn's Disease -- Percutaneous vs. Surgical Drainage -- Management of Structural Issues Secondary to Crohn's Disease (CD) -- Ulcerative Colitis -- Ulcerative Colitis Flares -- Severity of Ulcerative Colitis -- Evaluation of Ulcerative Colitis -- Management of Ulcerative Colitis -- Systemic Glucocorticoids -- Cyclosporine -- Infliximab -- Infliximab vs. Cyclosporine -- Novel Treatments for ASUC -- References -- Chapter 3: Updates in Nephrology for the Hospitalist -- Introduction -- Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury -- Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19 -- Electrolyte Abnormalities: Hyperkalemia and Hyponatremia -- Hyponatremia -- Tools to Assess Volume Status -- Novel Therapeutics in CKD: SGLT2 Inhibitors -- Conclusion.
References -- Chapter 4: Heart Failure Management for the Inpatient Provider -- Epidemiology -- Pathophysiology -- Clinical Assessment of Heart Failure -- Presentation -- History -- Physical Exam -- Investigations -- Chest X-Ray -- Echocardiography -- Biomarkers and Blood Tests -- Management -- Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy (GDMT) for Heart Failure -- Advancements in the Management for Heart Failure -- Addressing Barriers to Health Care -- References -- Chapter 5: Advances in the Evaluation and Treatment of Sepsis and Shock -- Introduction -- Defining Sepsis and Septic Shock -- Screening -- Diagnosis -- Antimicrobial Therapy -- Source Control -- Fluid Therapies -- Vasoactive Medications -- Blood Products -- Anticoagulants -- Mechanical Ventilation -- Sedation and Analgesia -- Glucose Control -- Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis -- Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis -- Nutritional Support -- Goals of Care -- The 1-Hour Bundle -- Sepsis and Antimicrobial Stewardship -- Sepsis and COVID-19 -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6: Current Trends in Stroke Management -- Epidemiology of Stroke -- Types of Stroke -- Ischemic Stroke Management -- IV Thrombolysis Guidelines -- Mechanical Thrombectomy Guidelines -- The Role of Collateral Blood Flow -- Neuroprotection -- Stroke and Women -- COVID and Stroke -- Epidemiology -- Effects of COVID-19 on Stroke Admissions -- Proposed Mechanisms of COVID-19-Induced Stroke -- Hypercoagulability -- Cerebral Endotheliopathy -- Additional Risk Factors -- Post-stroke Depression -- Prevalence -- Risk Factors and Assessment of Post-stroke Depression -- Treatment -- Post-stroke Care -- References -- Chapter 7: Co-management of Orthopedic Patients -- What Is Co-management? -- Co-management Roles -- Orthopedic Patients -- Benefits of Orthopedic Co-management -- Hospital Length of Stay -- Mortality Rate -- Discharge Disposition.
Readmission Rate -- Total Cost of Care -- Satisfaction -- QALYs -- Pain Management -- ICU Admissions -- Hospital Medications -- Consults -- Complications -- Blending Co-management and Orthopedics -- References -- Chapter 8: Pediatric Hospital Medicine -- Management of Bronchiolitis in the Emergency Department and Hospital -- Strong Recommendations -- Moderate Recommendations -- Prevention of Neonatal Sepsis -- Management of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia -- Management of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children -- Presentation -- Treatment Modalities -- Discharge Criteria -- Summary -- References -- Chapter 9: Management of Psychiatric Disorders in the Hospital -- Introduction -- Delirium -- Etiology -- Epidemiology -- Risk Factors -- Diagnostic Criteria -- Subtypes -- Assessment -- Management -- Prevention -- Conclusion -- Psychosis -- Epidemiology -- Clinical Manifestations -- Differential Diagnosis -- Workup -- Management -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10: Opioids: History, Pathophysiology, and Stewardship for Hospitalists -- History and Evolution of the Opioid Epidemic in America -- Opioid Epidemic: An American Cultural Phenomenon -- Cardinal Features of the Opioid Epidemic -- The Brain Disease Model of Addiction -- The Pain Matrix -- Shared Neural Networks -- Chronic Pain, Central Pain Syndromes, Hyperalgesia, and Withdrawal Pain -- Opioid Stewardship for Hospitalists -- Understanding Opioid Risk -- Respiratory Depression -- Risk Factors -- Management -- Behavioral Disturbances -- Risk Factors -- Management -- Stewardship and Acute Pain -- Acute vs Chronic Pain -- American College of Emergency Physicians Opioid Recommendations [19] -- Special Complications of Opioids -- Multimodal Therapy -- Classes of Multimodal Therapy -- Compassionate Withdrawal of Opiates -- Overview -- Empathic Strategies -- Suggested Stepwise Withdrawal.
Timeline of Withdrawal -- Opioid Use Disorder: Diagnosis and Treatment Strategies -- Medication-Assisted Therapy (MAT) -- Overview -- Medications of MAT -- Barriers to MAT -- Initiation of Buprenorphine -- References -- Chapter 11: Overview, Updates, and New Topics in Perioperative Care -- Introduction -- What Is Perioperative Care? -- The Role of the Medical Team in Perioperative Care -- The Preoperative Clinic Medical Evaluation, Assessment, and Plan -- Perioperative Cardiac Disease and Risk Assessment -- Pulmonary Disease, Risk Assessment, and Complications -- Renal Disease, Risk Assessment, and Complications -- Liver Disease and Risk Assessment -- Neurological and Musculoskeletal Disease: Delirium, Frailty, and Functional Status -- Hematological Conditions and Anticoagulation -- Endocrine: Steroid Use and Diabetes Mellitus -- Connective Tissue Disorders -- Surgical Site Infections -- Medication Review -- Laboratory Investigations -- ERAS Protocols and Perioperative Surgical Home -- COVID-19 -- Advanced Care Planning and Informed Consent -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 12: Virtual Hospital Medicine -- Background -- Virtual Hospital Medicine at Ochsner Health -- Other Programs -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 13: Palliative Care for Hospitalists -- What Is Palliative Care? -- Pain and Symptom Management Since the COVID-19 Pandemic -- Communication -- Telemedicine in Palliative Care -- Virtual Reality in Palliative Care -- Music Therapy in Palliative Care -- References -- Chapter 14: Barriers to Advance Care Planning (ACP) in the Hospital: A Review and Case Study -- What Is Advance Care Planning? -- Benefits and Purpose of ACP -- A Snapshot of ACP in America -- Hospital Medicine and ACP -- Barriers to Conducting ACP in Practice -- Overcoming the Barriers to ACP.
Ochsner Health Case Study: Understanding Barriers Across the Practice Spectrum -- The Institution -- Project Setup and Methods -- Identified Barriers -- Identified Solutions -- Lessons Learned -- Appendix 1 Barriers to Advance Care Planning Interview -- Introduction -- References -- Chapter 15: Value-Based Care in the Hospital -- What Is Value? -- What Is Value-Based Care? -- How Do We Measure Value? -- Current Value of Healthcare in the United States -- How Did We Get Here? -- Early Models of Health Insurance -- Employer-Based Commercial Health Insurance -- Medicare and Medicaid -- The Rise and Fall of Managed Care -- The Affordable Care Act -- Transition to Value-Based Care -- Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality -- Patient-Centered Medical Homes -- Accountable Care Organizations -- Medicaid Bundled Payments -- Hospital Value-Based Purchasing Programs -- Education -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 16: Wellness in Physicians in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic -- Introduction -- Wellness Among Healthcare Workers During the First Year of the Pandemic -- Factors Contributing to Burnout in Providers Caring for COVID-19 Patients in Early Outbreaks -- Historical Perspective of Burnout Among Healthcare Workers -- Coping Mechanisms at the Individual Level -- System-Level Promotion of Physician Wellness During the COVID-19 Pandemic -- The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) Guidelines for Emergency Providers of Healthcare -- System Solutions: Establishing a Chief Wellness Officer -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 17: LGBTQ Healthcare Issues -- Epidemiology of LGBTQ+ and Healthcare -- Creating a Safe Space for LGBTQ+ Patients -- Environment -- Forms and Documentation -- Introductions, History Taking, and Vocabulary Use -- Special Considerations for the LGBTQ+ Patient -- Hormone and Other Gender-Affirming Therapies -- Estrogen.
Anti-Androgens.
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