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Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]]
| Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]] |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (293 p.) |
| Disciplina |
533.63
533/.63 628.5/3/0113 628.53011 628.530113 |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-282-78321-1
9786612783210 0-470-93507-3 1-59124-582-6 0-470-93506-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; NOMENCLATURE; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Overview of Modeling Procedures, Including Rationale for Selecting Scenarios for Worked Examples; 2.1. Types of Scenarios and Models; 2.2. Gross Screening Analysis; 2.3. Scenarios Selected for Worked Examples; 3. Input Data Required; 3.1. Source Data; 3.2. Site Characteristics; 3.3. Meteorological Data and Formulas for Calculating Input Parameters; 3.4. Receptor-Related Data; 4. Source Emission Models; 4.1. Conceptual Process for Source Term Determination
4.2. Calculation of Source Terms4.2.1. Gas Jet Releases; 4.2.2. Liquid Jet Releases; 4.2.3. Two-Phase Jet Releases; 4.2.4. Liquid Pool Spreading; 4.2.5. Liquid Pool Evaporation; 4.2.6. Multicomponent Evaporation; 4.3. Uncertainties in Source Term Estimation; 5. Dispersion Models; 5.1. Critical Richardson Number Criterion; 5.2. Jet Trajectory and Entrainment; 5.2.1. Momentum-Dominated Jets; 5.2.2. Elevated Dense Gas Jets; 5.2.3. Positively Buoyant Plumes; 5.3. Dense Gas Release at Grade; 5.3.1. Background and Overview; 5.3.2. Dense Gas Clouds in the Absence of Heat Exchange 5.3.3. Dense Gas Clouds in the Presence of Heat Exchanges5.4. Transport and Dispersion of Neutrally Buoyant or Passive Gas Clouds; 5.5. Simple Nomograms for Calculating the Dilution of Dense Gas Release; 5.6. Three-Dimensional Numerical Models of Dense Gas Dispersion; 5.7. Transport and Dispersion Near Buildings; 5.7.1. Plume Confinement by Canyons; 5.7.2. Concentrations on Building Faces Due to Releases from Vents; 5.7.3. Concentrations on the Building Downwind Face (the Near-Wake) Due to Releases from Sources on the Building; 5.7.4. Other Effects of Buildings 5.8. Worst Case Meteorological Conditions5.9. Removal by Dry and Wet Deposition; 5.9.1. Gravitational Settling of Lorge Particles or Aerosols; 5.9.2. Dry Deposition of Small Particles and Gases; 5.9.3. Removal of Particles and Gases by Precipitation and Clouds (Wet Deposition); 6. Averaging Times, Concentration Fluctuations, and Modeling Uncertainties; 6.1. Overview of Physical Considerations Related to Averaging Time; 6.2. Overview of Characteristics of Concentration Fluctuations in Plumes 6.3. Predictions of Concentrations on the Plume Centerline at a Given Downwind Distance as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta6.4. Predictions of Concentrations at a Given Receptor Position as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta; 6.5. Threshold Crossing Probability; 6.6. A General Structure for the Analysis of Model Uncertainties; 7. Overview of Operational Vapor Cloud Models in Common Use; 7.1. Summary of Commonly Used Models; 7.2. Characteristics of Commonly Used Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; 8. Evaluation of Models with Field Data; 8.1. Description of Field Data Sets 8.2. Model Evaluation Procedures |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910143241003321 |
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]]
| Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]] |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (293 p.) |
| Disciplina |
533.63
533/.63 628.5/3/0113 628.53011 628.530113 |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| ISBN |
1-282-78321-1
9786612783210 0-470-93507-3 1-59124-582-6 0-470-93506-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; NOMENCLATURE; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Overview of Modeling Procedures, Including Rationale for Selecting Scenarios for Worked Examples; 2.1. Types of Scenarios and Models; 2.2. Gross Screening Analysis; 2.3. Scenarios Selected for Worked Examples; 3. Input Data Required; 3.1. Source Data; 3.2. Site Characteristics; 3.3. Meteorological Data and Formulas for Calculating Input Parameters; 3.4. Receptor-Related Data; 4. Source Emission Models; 4.1. Conceptual Process for Source Term Determination
4.2. Calculation of Source Terms4.2.1. Gas Jet Releases; 4.2.2. Liquid Jet Releases; 4.2.3. Two-Phase Jet Releases; 4.2.4. Liquid Pool Spreading; 4.2.5. Liquid Pool Evaporation; 4.2.6. Multicomponent Evaporation; 4.3. Uncertainties in Source Term Estimation; 5. Dispersion Models; 5.1. Critical Richardson Number Criterion; 5.2. Jet Trajectory and Entrainment; 5.2.1. Momentum-Dominated Jets; 5.2.2. Elevated Dense Gas Jets; 5.2.3. Positively Buoyant Plumes; 5.3. Dense Gas Release at Grade; 5.3.1. Background and Overview; 5.3.2. Dense Gas Clouds in the Absence of Heat Exchange 5.3.3. Dense Gas Clouds in the Presence of Heat Exchanges5.4. Transport and Dispersion of Neutrally Buoyant or Passive Gas Clouds; 5.5. Simple Nomograms for Calculating the Dilution of Dense Gas Release; 5.6. Three-Dimensional Numerical Models of Dense Gas Dispersion; 5.7. Transport and Dispersion Near Buildings; 5.7.1. Plume Confinement by Canyons; 5.7.2. Concentrations on Building Faces Due to Releases from Vents; 5.7.3. Concentrations on the Building Downwind Face (the Near-Wake) Due to Releases from Sources on the Building; 5.7.4. Other Effects of Buildings 5.8. Worst Case Meteorological Conditions5.9. Removal by Dry and Wet Deposition; 5.9.1. Gravitational Settling of Lorge Particles or Aerosols; 5.9.2. Dry Deposition of Small Particles and Gases; 5.9.3. Removal of Particles and Gases by Precipitation and Clouds (Wet Deposition); 6. Averaging Times, Concentration Fluctuations, and Modeling Uncertainties; 6.1. Overview of Physical Considerations Related to Averaging Time; 6.2. Overview of Characteristics of Concentration Fluctuations in Plumes 6.3. Predictions of Concentrations on the Plume Centerline at a Given Downwind Distance as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta6.4. Predictions of Concentrations at a Given Receptor Position as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta; 6.5. Threshold Crossing Probability; 6.6. A General Structure for the Analysis of Model Uncertainties; 7. Overview of Operational Vapor Cloud Models in Common Use; 7.1. Summary of Commonly Used Models; 7.2. Characteristics of Commonly Used Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; 8. Evaluation of Models with Field Data; 8.1. Description of Field Data Sets 8.2. Model Evaluation Procedures |
| Record Nr. | UNISA-996212666903316 |
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno | ||
| ||
Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]]
| Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]] |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (293 p.) |
| Disciplina |
533.63
533/.63 628.5/3/0113 628.53011 628.530113 |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| ISBN |
1-282-78321-1
9786612783210 0-470-93507-3 1-59124-582-6 0-470-93506-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; NOMENCLATURE; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Overview of Modeling Procedures, Including Rationale for Selecting Scenarios for Worked Examples; 2.1. Types of Scenarios and Models; 2.2. Gross Screening Analysis; 2.3. Scenarios Selected for Worked Examples; 3. Input Data Required; 3.1. Source Data; 3.2. Site Characteristics; 3.3. Meteorological Data and Formulas for Calculating Input Parameters; 3.4. Receptor-Related Data; 4. Source Emission Models; 4.1. Conceptual Process for Source Term Determination
4.2. Calculation of Source Terms4.2.1. Gas Jet Releases; 4.2.2. Liquid Jet Releases; 4.2.3. Two-Phase Jet Releases; 4.2.4. Liquid Pool Spreading; 4.2.5. Liquid Pool Evaporation; 4.2.6. Multicomponent Evaporation; 4.3. Uncertainties in Source Term Estimation; 5. Dispersion Models; 5.1. Critical Richardson Number Criterion; 5.2. Jet Trajectory and Entrainment; 5.2.1. Momentum-Dominated Jets; 5.2.2. Elevated Dense Gas Jets; 5.2.3. Positively Buoyant Plumes; 5.3. Dense Gas Release at Grade; 5.3.1. Background and Overview; 5.3.2. Dense Gas Clouds in the Absence of Heat Exchange 5.3.3. Dense Gas Clouds in the Presence of Heat Exchanges5.4. Transport and Dispersion of Neutrally Buoyant or Passive Gas Clouds; 5.5. Simple Nomograms for Calculating the Dilution of Dense Gas Release; 5.6. Three-Dimensional Numerical Models of Dense Gas Dispersion; 5.7. Transport and Dispersion Near Buildings; 5.7.1. Plume Confinement by Canyons; 5.7.2. Concentrations on Building Faces Due to Releases from Vents; 5.7.3. Concentrations on the Building Downwind Face (the Near-Wake) Due to Releases from Sources on the Building; 5.7.4. Other Effects of Buildings 5.8. Worst Case Meteorological Conditions5.9. Removal by Dry and Wet Deposition; 5.9.1. Gravitational Settling of Lorge Particles or Aerosols; 5.9.2. Dry Deposition of Small Particles and Gases; 5.9.3. Removal of Particles and Gases by Precipitation and Clouds (Wet Deposition); 6. Averaging Times, Concentration Fluctuations, and Modeling Uncertainties; 6.1. Overview of Physical Considerations Related to Averaging Time; 6.2. Overview of Characteristics of Concentration Fluctuations in Plumes 6.3. Predictions of Concentrations on the Plume Centerline at a Given Downwind Distance as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta6.4. Predictions of Concentrations at a Given Receptor Position as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta; 6.5. Threshold Crossing Probability; 6.6. A General Structure for the Analysis of Model Uncertainties; 7. Overview of Operational Vapor Cloud Models in Common Use; 7.1. Summary of Commonly Used Models; 7.2. Characteristics of Commonly Used Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; 8. Evaluation of Models with Field Data; 8.1. Description of Field Data Sets 8.2. Model Evaluation Procedures |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910831064303321 |
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]]
| Guidelines for use of vapor cloud dispersion models [[electronic resource]] |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (293 p.) |
| Disciplina |
533.63
533/.63 628.5/3/0113 628.53011 628.530113 |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| ISBN |
1-282-78321-1
9786612783210 0-470-93507-3 1-59124-582-6 0-470-93506-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Guidelines for Use of Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; NOMENCLATURE; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Overview of Modeling Procedures, Including Rationale for Selecting Scenarios for Worked Examples; 2.1. Types of Scenarios and Models; 2.2. Gross Screening Analysis; 2.3. Scenarios Selected for Worked Examples; 3. Input Data Required; 3.1. Source Data; 3.2. Site Characteristics; 3.3. Meteorological Data and Formulas for Calculating Input Parameters; 3.4. Receptor-Related Data; 4. Source Emission Models; 4.1. Conceptual Process for Source Term Determination
4.2. Calculation of Source Terms4.2.1. Gas Jet Releases; 4.2.2. Liquid Jet Releases; 4.2.3. Two-Phase Jet Releases; 4.2.4. Liquid Pool Spreading; 4.2.5. Liquid Pool Evaporation; 4.2.6. Multicomponent Evaporation; 4.3. Uncertainties in Source Term Estimation; 5. Dispersion Models; 5.1. Critical Richardson Number Criterion; 5.2. Jet Trajectory and Entrainment; 5.2.1. Momentum-Dominated Jets; 5.2.2. Elevated Dense Gas Jets; 5.2.3. Positively Buoyant Plumes; 5.3. Dense Gas Release at Grade; 5.3.1. Background and Overview; 5.3.2. Dense Gas Clouds in the Absence of Heat Exchange 5.3.3. Dense Gas Clouds in the Presence of Heat Exchanges5.4. Transport and Dispersion of Neutrally Buoyant or Passive Gas Clouds; 5.5. Simple Nomograms for Calculating the Dilution of Dense Gas Release; 5.6. Three-Dimensional Numerical Models of Dense Gas Dispersion; 5.7. Transport and Dispersion Near Buildings; 5.7.1. Plume Confinement by Canyons; 5.7.2. Concentrations on Building Faces Due to Releases from Vents; 5.7.3. Concentrations on the Building Downwind Face (the Near-Wake) Due to Releases from Sources on the Building; 5.7.4. Other Effects of Buildings 5.8. Worst Case Meteorological Conditions5.9. Removal by Dry and Wet Deposition; 5.9.1. Gravitational Settling of Lorge Particles or Aerosols; 5.9.2. Dry Deposition of Small Particles and Gases; 5.9.3. Removal of Particles and Gases by Precipitation and Clouds (Wet Deposition); 6. Averaging Times, Concentration Fluctuations, and Modeling Uncertainties; 6.1. Overview of Physical Considerations Related to Averaging Time; 6.2. Overview of Characteristics of Concentration Fluctuations in Plumes 6.3. Predictions of Concentrations on the Plume Centerline at a Given Downwind Distance as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta6.4. Predictions of Concentrations at a Given Receptor Position as a Function of Averaging Time, Ta; 6.5. Threshold Crossing Probability; 6.6. A General Structure for the Analysis of Model Uncertainties; 7. Overview of Operational Vapor Cloud Models in Common Use; 7.1. Summary of Commonly Used Models; 7.2. Characteristics of Commonly Used Vapor Cloud Dispersion Models; 8. Evaluation of Models with Field Data; 8.1. Description of Field Data Sets 8.2. Model Evaluation Procedures |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910877833103321 |
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites [[electronic resource] /] / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter
| Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites [[electronic resource] /] / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter |
| Autore | Hanna Steven R |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (228 p.) |
| Disciplina |
363.7392
628.5/3/015118 628.53015118 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BritterR. E. <1946-> |
| Collana | CCPS concept book |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-282-78341-6
9786612783418 0-470-93561-8 0-470-93560-X 1-59124-575-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Symbols; 1 Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Objectives of This Book; 1.3. Overview; 1.4. Definition of Scenarios and Modeling Scales; 2 Overview of Meteorology and Atmospheric Dispersion; 2.1. Definitions of Concepts and Terms; 2.2. Engineering Background; 2.3. Survey of Currently Available Methods for Classifying Dispersion Coefficients for a Variety of Surface Types; 2.3.1. Introduction to Discussion of Efects of Surface Features
2.3.2. Use of a Simple Gaussian Dispersion Model to Undetstand the Efects of Roughness2.3.3. Situations Where Winds, Stability and Underlying Terrain Vary in Time and/or Space; 2.3.4. Methods for Accounting for Surface Roughness Length and Displacement Length in Dispersion Models; 2.4. Survey of Experiments Showing Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Dispersion; 2.4.1. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Greater Than the Roughness Obstacle Height, Hr; 2.4.2. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Less Than the Roughness Obstacle Heights, Hr 3 Methods for Characterizing the Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Flow3.1. Required Flow Characteristics for Input to Transport and Dispersion Models; 3.2. Consideration of Flow Above and Below the Tops of the Obstacles; 3.3. Flow above the Surface Roughness Obstacles; 3.3.1. Definition of Surface Roughness Length, zo, and Displacement Length, d, as They Relate to Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Speed; 3.3.2. Methods for Estimating zo, and d from Wind Observations; 3.3.3. Size of Surface Area that Influences Flow at a Given Height 3.3.4. Estimation of zo and d Based on Knowledge of Surface Roughness Obstacles' Dimensions and Geometric Relations (the Morphological Method)3.3.5. Overview of Land Use Category Methods for Estimating zo and d; 3.3.6. Estimation of zo for Surface Conditions Varying in Space; 3.4. Flow Through an Obstacle Array; 3.4.1. Extent of the Roughness Sublayer; 3.4.2. Wind Velocity Fields within and Near Obstacle Arrays; 3.4.3. Model Comparison with Experimental Data; 3.4.4. The Turbulence Field within the Obstacle Array; 3.4.5. Extensions to Other Effects within the Obstacle Array 3.4.6. Summary of Recommendations for Wind Speed and Turbulence within Obstacle Arrays3.5. Summary of Recommended Methods for Estimating zo, d, and Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Profiles. Friction Velocity (u*), and Turbulence Velocities in Urban and Industrial Areas; 3.5.1. Definition of Region of Interest (from Source to Receptor); 3.5.2. Determination of zo and d; 3.5.3. General Simple Formulas for u*, u(z), and Turbulent Velocities; 3.5.4. Selection of an Appropriate Mean Wind Speed and Stability 3.5.5. Estimates of Urban and Industrial Geometric Parameters Hr, λf, and λp Using the ROUGH Code |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910143239003321 |
Hanna Steven R
|
||
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites [[electronic resource] /] / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter
| Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites [[electronic resource] /] / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter |
| Autore | Hanna Steven R |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (228 p.) |
| Disciplina |
363.7392
628.5/3/015118 628.53015118 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BritterR. E. <1946-> |
| Collana | CCPS concept book |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| ISBN |
1-282-78341-6
9786612783418 0-470-93561-8 0-470-93560-X 1-59124-575-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Symbols; 1 Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Objectives of This Book; 1.3. Overview; 1.4. Definition of Scenarios and Modeling Scales; 2 Overview of Meteorology and Atmospheric Dispersion; 2.1. Definitions of Concepts and Terms; 2.2. Engineering Background; 2.3. Survey of Currently Available Methods for Classifying Dispersion Coefficients for a Variety of Surface Types; 2.3.1. Introduction to Discussion of Efects of Surface Features
2.3.2. Use of a Simple Gaussian Dispersion Model to Undetstand the Efects of Roughness2.3.3. Situations Where Winds, Stability and Underlying Terrain Vary in Time and/or Space; 2.3.4. Methods for Accounting for Surface Roughness Length and Displacement Length in Dispersion Models; 2.4. Survey of Experiments Showing Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Dispersion; 2.4.1. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Greater Than the Roughness Obstacle Height, Hr; 2.4.2. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Less Than the Roughness Obstacle Heights, Hr 3 Methods for Characterizing the Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Flow3.1. Required Flow Characteristics for Input to Transport and Dispersion Models; 3.2. Consideration of Flow Above and Below the Tops of the Obstacles; 3.3. Flow above the Surface Roughness Obstacles; 3.3.1. Definition of Surface Roughness Length, zo, and Displacement Length, d, as They Relate to Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Speed; 3.3.2. Methods for Estimating zo, and d from Wind Observations; 3.3.3. Size of Surface Area that Influences Flow at a Given Height 3.3.4. Estimation of zo and d Based on Knowledge of Surface Roughness Obstacles' Dimensions and Geometric Relations (the Morphological Method)3.3.5. Overview of Land Use Category Methods for Estimating zo and d; 3.3.6. Estimation of zo for Surface Conditions Varying in Space; 3.4. Flow Through an Obstacle Array; 3.4.1. Extent of the Roughness Sublayer; 3.4.2. Wind Velocity Fields within and Near Obstacle Arrays; 3.4.3. Model Comparison with Experimental Data; 3.4.4. The Turbulence Field within the Obstacle Array; 3.4.5. Extensions to Other Effects within the Obstacle Array 3.4.6. Summary of Recommendations for Wind Speed and Turbulence within Obstacle Arrays3.5. Summary of Recommended Methods for Estimating zo, d, and Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Profiles. Friction Velocity (u*), and Turbulence Velocities in Urban and Industrial Areas; 3.5.1. Definition of Region of Interest (from Source to Receptor); 3.5.2. Determination of zo and d; 3.5.3. General Simple Formulas for u*, u(z), and Turbulent Velocities; 3.5.4. Selection of an Appropriate Mean Wind Speed and Stability 3.5.5. Estimates of Urban and Industrial Geometric Parameters Hr, λf, and λp Using the ROUGH Code |
| Record Nr. | UNISA-996212663803316 |
|
Hanna Steven R
|
||
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno | ||
| ||
Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites [[electronic resource] /] / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter
| Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites [[electronic resource] /] / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter |
| Autore | Hanna Steven R |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (228 p.) |
| Disciplina |
363.7392
628.5/3/015118 628.53015118 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BritterR. E. <1946-> |
| Collana | CCPS concept book |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| ISBN |
1-282-78341-6
9786612783418 0-470-93561-8 0-470-93560-X 1-59124-575-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Symbols; 1 Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Objectives of This Book; 1.3. Overview; 1.4. Definition of Scenarios and Modeling Scales; 2 Overview of Meteorology and Atmospheric Dispersion; 2.1. Definitions of Concepts and Terms; 2.2. Engineering Background; 2.3. Survey of Currently Available Methods for Classifying Dispersion Coefficients for a Variety of Surface Types; 2.3.1. Introduction to Discussion of Efects of Surface Features
2.3.2. Use of a Simple Gaussian Dispersion Model to Undetstand the Efects of Roughness2.3.3. Situations Where Winds, Stability and Underlying Terrain Vary in Time and/or Space; 2.3.4. Methods for Accounting for Surface Roughness Length and Displacement Length in Dispersion Models; 2.4. Survey of Experiments Showing Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Dispersion; 2.4.1. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Greater Than the Roughness Obstacle Height, Hr; 2.4.2. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Less Than the Roughness Obstacle Heights, Hr 3 Methods for Characterizing the Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Flow3.1. Required Flow Characteristics for Input to Transport and Dispersion Models; 3.2. Consideration of Flow Above and Below the Tops of the Obstacles; 3.3. Flow above the Surface Roughness Obstacles; 3.3.1. Definition of Surface Roughness Length, zo, and Displacement Length, d, as They Relate to Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Speed; 3.3.2. Methods for Estimating zo, and d from Wind Observations; 3.3.3. Size of Surface Area that Influences Flow at a Given Height 3.3.4. Estimation of zo and d Based on Knowledge of Surface Roughness Obstacles' Dimensions and Geometric Relations (the Morphological Method)3.3.5. Overview of Land Use Category Methods for Estimating zo and d; 3.3.6. Estimation of zo for Surface Conditions Varying in Space; 3.4. Flow Through an Obstacle Array; 3.4.1. Extent of the Roughness Sublayer; 3.4.2. Wind Velocity Fields within and Near Obstacle Arrays; 3.4.3. Model Comparison with Experimental Data; 3.4.4. The Turbulence Field within the Obstacle Array; 3.4.5. Extensions to Other Effects within the Obstacle Array 3.4.6. Summary of Recommendations for Wind Speed and Turbulence within Obstacle Arrays3.5. Summary of Recommended Methods for Estimating zo, d, and Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Profiles. Friction Velocity (u*), and Turbulence Velocities in Urban and Industrial Areas; 3.5.1. Definition of Region of Interest (from Source to Receptor); 3.5.2. Determination of zo and d; 3.5.3. General Simple Formulas for u*, u(z), and Turbulent Velocities; 3.5.4. Selection of an Appropriate Mean Wind Speed and Stability 3.5.5. Estimates of Urban and Industrial Geometric Parameters Hr, λf, and λp Using the ROUGH Code |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910830353703321 |
|
Hanna Steven R
|
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| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites / / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter
| Wind flow and vapor cloud dispersion at industrial and urban sites / / Steven R. Hanna, Rex E. Britter |
| Autore | Hanna Steven R |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (228 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/015118 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | BritterR. E. <1946-> |
| Collana | CCPS concept book |
| Soggetto topico |
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Environmental aspects - Mathematical models Vapors - Mathematical models |
| ISBN |
1-282-78341-6
9786612783418 0-470-93561-8 0-470-93560-X 1-59124-575-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Wind Flow and Vapor Cloud Dispersion at Industrial and Urban Sites; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; List of Symbols; 1 Introduction; 1.1. Background; 1.2. Objectives of This Book; 1.3. Overview; 1.4. Definition of Scenarios and Modeling Scales; 2 Overview of Meteorology and Atmospheric Dispersion; 2.1. Definitions of Concepts and Terms; 2.2. Engineering Background; 2.3. Survey of Currently Available Methods for Classifying Dispersion Coefficients for a Variety of Surface Types; 2.3.1. Introduction to Discussion of Efects of Surface Features
2.3.2. Use of a Simple Gaussian Dispersion Model to Undetstand the Efects of Roughness2.3.3. Situations Where Winds, Stability and Underlying Terrain Vary in Time and/or Space; 2.3.4. Methods for Accounting for Surface Roughness Length and Displacement Length in Dispersion Models; 2.4. Survey of Experiments Showing Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Dispersion; 2.4.1. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Greater Than the Roughness Obstacle Height, Hr; 2.4.2. Dispersion of Clouds with Mass- Weighted Mean Heights Less Than the Roughness Obstacle Heights, Hr 3 Methods for Characterizing the Effects of Surface Roughness Obstacles on Flow3.1. Required Flow Characteristics for Input to Transport and Dispersion Models; 3.2. Consideration of Flow Above and Below the Tops of the Obstacles; 3.3. Flow above the Surface Roughness Obstacles; 3.3.1. Definition of Surface Roughness Length, zo, and Displacement Length, d, as They Relate to Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Speed; 3.3.2. Methods for Estimating zo, and d from Wind Observations; 3.3.3. Size of Surface Area that Influences Flow at a Given Height 3.3.4. Estimation of zo and d Based on Knowledge of Surface Roughness Obstacles' Dimensions and Geometric Relations (the Morphological Method)3.3.5. Overview of Land Use Category Methods for Estimating zo and d; 3.3.6. Estimation of zo for Surface Conditions Varying in Space; 3.4. Flow Through an Obstacle Array; 3.4.1. Extent of the Roughness Sublayer; 3.4.2. Wind Velocity Fields within and Near Obstacle Arrays; 3.4.3. Model Comparison with Experimental Data; 3.4.4. The Turbulence Field within the Obstacle Array; 3.4.5. Extensions to Other Effects within the Obstacle Array 3.4.6. Summary of Recommendations for Wind Speed and Turbulence within Obstacle Arrays3.5. Summary of Recommended Methods for Estimating zo, d, and Flow Characteristics Such as Wind Profiles. Friction Velocity (u*), and Turbulence Velocities in Urban and Industrial Areas; 3.5.1. Definition of Region of Interest (from Source to Receptor); 3.5.2. Determination of zo and d; 3.5.3. General Simple Formulas for u*, u(z), and Turbulent Velocities; 3.5.4. Selection of an Appropriate Mean Wind Speed and Stability 3.5.5. Estimates of Urban and Industrial Geometric Parameters Hr, λf, and λp Using the ROUGH Code |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910877014603321 |
|
Hanna Steven R
|
||
| New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
