Emerging market sovereign bond spreads [[electronic resource] ] : estimation and back-testing / / prepared by Fabio Comelli
| Emerging market sovereign bond spreads [[electronic resource] ] : estimation and back-testing / / prepared by Fabio Comelli |
| Autore | Comelli Fabio |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, DC, : International Monetary Fund, 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (44 p.) |
| Collana | IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
State bonds - Econometric models
Government securities - Econometric models |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-4755-1037-3
1-4755-1431-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Literature; III. The data; A. Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads Data; B. Pull Factors Data; Political Risk Rating (PRR); Economic Risk Rating (ERR); Financial Risk Rating (FRR); C. Push Factors Data; IV. The Model; V. Regression Results; A. Baseline regression; B. Global Abundant Liquidity and Global Financial Crisis; Tables; Table 1. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates, All Emerging Market Economies; C. Regional Subgroups; D. How Do Fitted Bond Spreads Compare With Actual Bond Spreads?
Table 2. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates Across EM Regions.Figures; Panel 1. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads (basis points); Panel 2. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads: (basis points); E. Robustness Checks; Table 3. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates, Robustness Checks; Panel 3. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads (Basis points); F. Simulating an Improvement in Country-specific Variables on Bond Spreads; Table 4. Impact of one-standard deviation change on the model spread (Percent) Panel 4. Impact on the Model Spread Provoked by a One-standard Deviation ChangeVI. Back-testing the Model; A. Linear Prediction Method; B. Rolling Regression Method; Table 5. Probabilities that the linear prediction method correctly predicts (i) the; Table 6. Probabilities that the rolling regression (RR1) method correctly predicts; C. Comparing Competing Forecasts; Table 7. Measuring the accuracy of bond spread forecasts with the Diebold-Mariano; VII. Concluding Remarks; References; Appendixes; A. Tables; Appendix Tables Table A1. Probabilities that the rolling regression (RR2) method correctly predictsTable A2. Comparing rolling regression and linear prediction forecasts with the Diebold- Mariano test; Table A3. Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Theil's U Statistics for the rolling regression (RR1) method; Table A4. Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Theil's U Statistics for the rolling regression (RR2) method; B. Charts; Panel A1. Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads: Actual, Fitted and Residuals; Panel A2: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 1998 - December 2001 Panel A3: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2002 - December 2005Panel A4: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2006 - December 2009; Panel A5: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2010 - December 2011 |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910461999003321 |
Comelli Fabio
|
||
| Washington, DC, : International Monetary Fund, 2012 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads : : Estimation and Back-testing / / Fabio Comelli
| Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads : : Estimation and Back-testing / / Fabio Comelli |
| Autore | Comelli Fabio |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (44 p.) |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
State bonds - Econometric models
Government securities - Econometric models Banks and Banking Finance: General Investments: Bonds International Finance Forecasting and Simulation Financial Forecasting and Simulation Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Finance Investment & securities Yield curve Sovereign bonds Emerging and frontier financial markets Bond yields Securities markets Financial services Financial institutions Financial markets Interest rates Bonds Financial services industry Capital market |
| ISBN |
1-4755-1037-3
1-4755-1431-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Literature; III. The data; A. Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads Data; B. Pull Factors Data; Political Risk Rating (PRR); Economic Risk Rating (ERR); Financial Risk Rating (FRR); C. Push Factors Data; IV. The Model; V. Regression Results; A. Baseline regression; B. Global Abundant Liquidity and Global Financial Crisis; Tables; Table 1. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates, All Emerging Market Economies; C. Regional Subgroups; D. How Do Fitted Bond Spreads Compare With Actual Bond Spreads?
Table 2. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates Across EM Regions.Figures; Panel 1. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads (basis points); Panel 2. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads: (basis points); E. Robustness Checks; Table 3. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates, Robustness Checks; Panel 3. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads (Basis points); F. Simulating an Improvement in Country-specific Variables on Bond Spreads; Table 4. Impact of one-standard deviation change on the model spread (Percent) Panel 4. Impact on the Model Spread Provoked by a One-standard Deviation ChangeVI. Back-testing the Model; A. Linear Prediction Method; B. Rolling Regression Method; Table 5. Probabilities that the linear prediction method correctly predicts (i) the; Table 6. Probabilities that the rolling regression (RR1) method correctly predicts; C. Comparing Competing Forecasts; Table 7. Measuring the accuracy of bond spread forecasts with the Diebold-Mariano; VII. Concluding Remarks; References; Appendixes; A. Tables; Appendix Tables Table A1. Probabilities that the rolling regression (RR2) method correctly predictsTable A2. Comparing rolling regression and linear prediction forecasts with the Diebold- Mariano test; Table A3. Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Theil's U Statistics for the rolling regression (RR1) method; Table A4. Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Theil's U Statistics for the rolling regression (RR2) method; B. Charts; Panel A1. Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads: Actual, Fitted and Residuals; Panel A2: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 1998 - December 2001 Panel A3: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2002 - December 2005Panel A4: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2006 - December 2009; Panel A5: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2010 - December 2011 |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910786480703321 |
Comelli Fabio
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads : : Estimation and Back-testing / / Fabio Comelli
| Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads : : Estimation and Back-testing / / Fabio Comelli |
| Autore | Comelli Fabio |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (44 p.) |
| Disciplina | 332.1/52 |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
State bonds - Econometric models
Government securities - Econometric models Banks and Banking Bond yields Bonds Capital market Emerging and frontier financial markets Finance Finance: General Financial Forecasting and Simulation Financial institutions Financial markets Financial services industry Financial services General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Interest rates Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects International Finance Forecasting and Simulation Investment & securities Investments: Bonds Securities markets Sovereign bonds Yield curve |
| ISBN |
9781475510379
1475510373 9781475514315 147551431X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Literature; III. The data; A. Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads Data; B. Pull Factors Data; Political Risk Rating (PRR); Economic Risk Rating (ERR); Financial Risk Rating (FRR); C. Push Factors Data; IV. The Model; V. Regression Results; A. Baseline regression; B. Global Abundant Liquidity and Global Financial Crisis; Tables; Table 1. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates, All Emerging Market Economies; C. Regional Subgroups; D. How Do Fitted Bond Spreads Compare With Actual Bond Spreads?
Table 2. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates Across EM Regions.Figures; Panel 1. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads (basis points); Panel 2. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads: (basis points); E. Robustness Checks; Table 3. Sovereign Bond Spreads: Coefficient Estimates, Robustness Checks; Panel 3. Actual and Fitted Sovereign Bond Spreads (Basis points); F. Simulating an Improvement in Country-specific Variables on Bond Spreads; Table 4. Impact of one-standard deviation change on the model spread (Percent) Panel 4. Impact on the Model Spread Provoked by a One-standard Deviation ChangeVI. Back-testing the Model; A. Linear Prediction Method; B. Rolling Regression Method; Table 5. Probabilities that the linear prediction method correctly predicts (i) the; Table 6. Probabilities that the rolling regression (RR1) method correctly predicts; C. Comparing Competing Forecasts; Table 7. Measuring the accuracy of bond spread forecasts with the Diebold-Mariano; VII. Concluding Remarks; References; Appendixes; A. Tables; Appendix Tables Table A1. Probabilities that the rolling regression (RR2) method correctly predictsTable A2. Comparing rolling regression and linear prediction forecasts with the Diebold- Mariano test; Table A3. Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Theil's U Statistics for the rolling regression (RR1) method; Table A4. Mean Square Error, Mean Absolute Error and Theil's U Statistics for the rolling regression (RR2) method; B. Charts; Panel A1. Emerging Market Sovereign Bond Spreads: Actual, Fitted and Residuals; Panel A2: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 1998 - December 2001 Panel A3: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2002 - December 2005Panel A4: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2006 - December 2009; Panel A5: Emerging Markets Sovereign Bond Spread Tracker: January 2010 - December 2011 |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910971226803321 |
Comelli Fabio
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Long-run and short-run determinants of sovereign bond yields in advanced economies [[electronic resource] /] / Tigran Poghosyan
| Long-run and short-run determinants of sovereign bond yields in advanced economies [[electronic resource] /] / Tigran Poghosyan |
| Autore | Poghosyan Tigran |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C., : International Monetary Fund, c2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (27 p.) |
| Collana | IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Government securities - Econometric models
Rate of return - Econometric models Cointegration |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-4755-7979-9
1-4755-4279-8 1-283-94768-4 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields: Review of Existing Studies; A. Theoretical Considerations; B. Empirical Evidence; III. Empirical Methodology and Data; A. Empirical Methodology; B. Data; IV. Estimation Results; A. Baseline Specification; B. Robustness Checks; C. Are Financial Markets "Overreacting"?; V. Conclusions; References; Tables; 1. Description of Variables and their Sources; 2. Descriptive Statistics; 3. Panel Unit Root Tests; 4. Baseline Regressions; 5. Robustness Checks; Figures
1. Selected Euro area Economies: Real 10-Year Sovereign Bond Yields2. Selected Euro Area Economies: Debt-to-GDP Ratio; 3. Selected Euro Area Economies: Comparison of Predicted and Actual Long-Run Real Bond Spreads vis-à-vis Germany (first half of 2012); 4. Selected Euro Area Economies: Comparison of Predicted and Actual Long-Run Real Bond Spreads vis-à-vis Germany (1999-2009, average) |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910453112803321 |
Poghosyan Tigran
|
||
| Washington, D.C., : International Monetary Fund, c2012 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Long-Run and Short-Run Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields in Advanced Economies / / Tigran Poghosyan
| Long-Run and Short-Run Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields in Advanced Economies / / Tigran Poghosyan |
| Autore | Poghosyan Tigran |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (27 p.) |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Government securities - Econometric models
Rate of return - Econometric models Cointegration Banks and Banking Investments: Bonds Macroeconomics Public Finance 'Panel Data Models Spatio-temporal Models' Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Debt Debt Management Sovereign Debt Fiscal Policy Investment & securities Finance Public finance & taxation Bond yields Yield curve Sovereign bonds Public debt Fiscal stance Financial institutions Financial services Fiscal policy Bonds Interest rates Debts, Public |
| ISBN |
1-4755-7979-9
1-4755-4279-8 1-283-94768-4 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields: Review of Existing Studies; A. Theoretical Considerations; B. Empirical Evidence; III. Empirical Methodology and Data; A. Empirical Methodology; B. Data; IV. Estimation Results; A. Baseline Specification; B. Robustness Checks; C. Are Financial Markets "Overreacting"?; V. Conclusions; References; Tables; 1. Description of Variables and their Sources; 2. Descriptive Statistics; 3. Panel Unit Root Tests; 4. Baseline Regressions; 5. Robustness Checks; Figures
1. Selected Euro area Economies: Real 10-Year Sovereign Bond Yields2. Selected Euro Area Economies: Debt-to-GDP Ratio; 3. Selected Euro Area Economies: Comparison of Predicted and Actual Long-Run Real Bond Spreads vis-à-vis Germany (first half of 2012); 4. Selected Euro Area Economies: Comparison of Predicted and Actual Long-Run Real Bond Spreads vis-à-vis Germany (1999-2009, average) |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910779591503321 |
Poghosyan Tigran
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Long-Run and Short-Run Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields in Advanced Economies / / Tigran Poghosyan
| Long-Run and Short-Run Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields in Advanced Economies / / Tigran Poghosyan |
| Autore | Poghosyan Tigran |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (27 p.) |
| Disciplina | 338.29102 |
| Collana |
IMF Working Papers
IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Government securities - Econometric models
Rate of return - Econometric models Cointegration Banks and Banking Investments: Bonds Macroeconomics Public Finance 'Panel Data Models Spatio-temporal Models' Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Debt Debt Management Sovereign Debt Fiscal Policy Investment & securities Finance Public finance & taxation Bond yields Yield curve Sovereign bonds Public debt Fiscal stance Financial institutions Financial services Fiscal policy Bonds Interest rates Debts, Public Panel Data Models Spatio-temporal Models |
| ISBN |
9781475579796
1475579799 9781475542790 1475542798 9781283947688 1283947684 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Determinants of Sovereign Bond Yields: Review of Existing Studies; A. Theoretical Considerations; B. Empirical Evidence; III. Empirical Methodology and Data; A. Empirical Methodology; B. Data; IV. Estimation Results; A. Baseline Specification; B. Robustness Checks; C. Are Financial Markets "Overreacting"?; V. Conclusions; References; Tables; 1. Description of Variables and their Sources; 2. Descriptive Statistics; 3. Panel Unit Root Tests; 4. Baseline Regressions; 5. Robustness Checks; Figures
1. Selected Euro area Economies: Real 10-Year Sovereign Bond Yields2. Selected Euro Area Economies: Debt-to-GDP Ratio; 3. Selected Euro Area Economies: Comparison of Predicted and Actual Long-Run Real Bond Spreads vis-à-vis Germany (first half of 2012); 4. Selected Euro Area Economies: Comparison of Predicted and Actual Long-Run Real Bond Spreads vis-à-vis Germany (1999-2009, average) |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910956775403321 |
Poghosyan Tigran
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2012 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
A primer for risk measurement of bonded debt from the perspective of a sovereign debt manager [[electronic resource] /] / [prepared by] Michael Papaioannou
| A primer for risk measurement of bonded debt from the perspective of a sovereign debt manager [[electronic resource] /] / [prepared by] Michael Papaioannou |
| Autore | Papaioannou Michael G |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | [Washington, D.C.], : International Monetary Fund, c2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (49 p.) |
| Collana | IMF working paper |
| Soggetto topico |
Risk - Econometric models
Interest rates - Econometric models Credit - Econometric models Liquidity (Economics) - Econometric models Government securities - Econometric models Debts, Public - Econometric models |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-4623-1246-2
1-4527-1987-X 1-282-44811-0 9786613821300 1-4519-9197-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. MEASUREMENT OF MARKET RISK""; ""III. MEASUREMENT OF CREDIT RISK""; ""IV. MEASUREMENT OF LIQUIDITY RISK""; ""V. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RISK SENSITIVITY FOR A SECURITY WITH N RISK FACTORS""; ""VI. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RISK SENSITIVITY FOR A PORTFOLIO WITH N RISK FACTORS""; ""VII. EPILOGUE""; ""YIELD DEFINITIONS""; ""THE VALUE-AT-RISK (VAR) METHODOLOGY""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910464586603321 |
Papaioannou Michael G
|
||
| [Washington, D.C.], : International Monetary Fund, c2006 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
A Primer for Risk Measurement of Bonded Debt from the Perspective of a Sovereign Debt Manager / / Michael Papaioannou
| A Primer for Risk Measurement of Bonded Debt from the Perspective of a Sovereign Debt Manager / / Michael Papaioannou |
| Autore | Papaioannou Michael |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (49 p.) |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Risk - Econometric models
Interest rates - Econometric models Credit - Econometric models Liquidity (Economics) - Econometric models Government securities - Econometric models Debts, Public - Econometric models Banks and Banking Investments: Bonds Financing Policy Financial Risk and Risk Management Capital and Ownership Structure Value of Firms Goodwill General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Financial services law & regulation Investment & securities Bonds Credit risk Liquidity risk Market risk Exchange rate risk Financial risk management |
| ISBN |
1-4623-1246-2
1-4527-1987-X 1-282-44811-0 9786613821300 1-4519-9197-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. MEASUREMENT OF MARKET RISK""; ""III. MEASUREMENT OF CREDIT RISK""; ""IV. MEASUREMENT OF LIQUIDITY RISK""; ""V. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RISK SENSITIVITY FOR A SECURITY WITH N RISK FACTORS""; ""VI. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RISK SENSITIVITY FOR A PORTFOLIO WITH N RISK FACTORS""; ""VII. EPILOGUE""; ""YIELD DEFINITIONS""; ""THE VALUE-AT-RISK (VAR) METHODOLOGY""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788524703321 |
Papaioannou Michael
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
A Primer for Risk Measurement of Bonded Debt from the Perspective of a Sovereign Debt Manager / / Michael Papaioannou
| A Primer for Risk Measurement of Bonded Debt from the Perspective of a Sovereign Debt Manager / / Michael Papaioannou |
| Autore | Papaioannou Michael |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (49 p.) |
| Collana | IMF Working Papers |
| Soggetto topico |
Risk - Econometric models
Interest rates - Econometric models Credit - Econometric models Liquidity (Economics) - Econometric models Government securities - Econometric models Debts, Public - Econometric models Banks and Banking Bonds Capital and Ownership Structure Credit risk Exchange rate risk Financial Risk and Risk Management Financial risk management Financial services law & regulation Financing Policy General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) Goodwill Investment & securities Investments: Bonds Liquidity risk Market risk Value of Firms |
| ISBN |
9786613821300
9781462312467 1462312462 9781452719870 145271987X 9781282448117 1282448110 9781451991970 1451991975 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | ""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. MEASUREMENT OF MARKET RISK""; ""III. MEASUREMENT OF CREDIT RISK""; ""IV. MEASUREMENT OF LIQUIDITY RISK""; ""V. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RISK SENSITIVITY FOR A SECURITY WITH N RISK FACTORS""; ""VI. AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO RISK SENSITIVITY FOR A PORTFOLIO WITH N RISK FACTORS""; ""VII. EPILOGUE""; ""YIELD DEFINITIONS""; ""THE VALUE-AT-RISK (VAR) METHODOLOGY""; ""REFERENCES"" |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910969923403321 |
Papaioannou Michael
|
||
| Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||