Guidelines for vapor cloud explosion, pressure vessel burst, BLEVE, and flash fire hazards |
Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2010 |
Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (458 p.) |
Disciplina |
660.2804
660/.2804 |
Collana | CCPS concept book Guidelines for vapor cloud explosion, pressure vessel burst, BLEVE, and flash fire hazards. |
Soggetto topico |
Chemical plants - Fires and fire prevention
Chemical plants - Safety measures Pressure vessels - Safety measures Chemicals - Fires and fire prevention Explosions - Prevention |
Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
ISBN |
1-118-20987-7
1-283-37163-4 9786613371638 0-470-64043-X 1-61583-627-6 0-470-64044-8 |
Formato | Materiale a stampa |
Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
Nota di contenuto |
Guidelines for Vapor Cloud Explosion, Pressure Vessel Burst, BLEVE, and Flash Fire Hazards; CONTENTS; List of Tables; List of Figures; Glossary; Acknowledgements; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW; 2.1. Flash Fires; 2.2. Vapor Cloud Explosions; 2.3. Pressure Vessel Bursts; 2.4. BLEVEs; 2.5. Prediction methodologies; 3. CASE HISTORIES; 3.1. Historical experience; 3.2. Flash fires; 3.2.1. Donnellson, Iowa, USA: Propane Fire; 3.2.2. Lynchburg, Virginia, USA: Propane Fire; 3.2.3. Quantum Chemicals, Morris, Illinois, USA: Olefins Unit Flash Fire; 3.3. Vapor Cloud Explosions
3.3.1. Flixborough, UK: Vapor Cloud Explosion in Chemical Plant3.3.2. Port Hudson, Missouri, USA: Vapor Cloud Explosion after Propane Pipeline Failure; 3.3.3. Jackass Flats, Nevada, USA: Hydrogen-Air Explosion during Experiment; 3.3.4. Ufa, West-Siberia, USSR: Pipeline Rupture Resulting In a VCE; 3.3.5. Phillips, Pasadena, Texas USA: Propylene HDPE Unit VCE and BLEVEs; 3.3.6. BP, Texas City, Texas USA: Discharge from Atmospheric Vent Resulting in a VCE; 3.4. Pressure Vessel Burst; 3.4.1. Kaiser Aluminum, Gramercy, Louisiana USA: Alumina Process Pressure Vessel Burst 3.4.2. Union Carbide Seadrift, Texas USA: Ethylene Oxide Distillation Column Pressure Vessel Burst3.4.3. Dana Corporation, Paris, Tennessee USA: Boiler Pressure Vessel Burst; 3.5. BLEVE; 3.5.1. Procter and Gamble, Worms, Germany: Liquid CO2 Storage Vessel Explosion; 3.5.2. San Juan Ixhuatepec, Mexico City, Mexico: Series of BLEVEs at LPG Storage Facility; 3.5.3. San Carlos de la Rapita, Spain: Propylene Tank Truck Failure; 3.5.4. Crescent City, Illinois, USA: LPG Rail Car Derailment; 3.5.5. Kingman, Arizona USA: LPG Railroad Tank Car BLEVE; 4. BASIC CONCEPTS 4.1. Atmospheric Vapor Cloud Dispersion4.2. Ignition; 4.3. Thermal Radiation; 4.3.1. Point-Source Model; 4.3.2. Solid-Flame Model; 4.4. Explosions - VCE; 4.4.1. Deflagration; 4.4.2. Detonation; 4.5. Blast Effects; 4.5.1. Manifestation; 4.5.2. Blast Loading; 4.5.3. Ground Reflection; 4.5.4. Blast Scaling; 5. FLASH FIRES; 5.1. Overview of Experimental Research; 5.1.1. China Lake and Frenchmen Flats cryogenic liquid tests; 5.1.2. Maplin Sands Tests; 5.1.3. Musselbanks Propane Tests; 5.1.4. HSE LPG Tests of Flash Fires and Jet Fires; 5.2. Flash-Fire Radiation Models; 5.3. Sample Calculations 6. VAPOR CLOUD EXPLOSIONS6.1. Introduction; 6.1.1. Organization of Chapter; 6.1.2. VCE Phenomena; 6.1.3. Definition of VCE; 6.1.4. Confinement and Congestion; 6.2. Vapor Cloud Deflagration Theory and Research; 6.2.1. Laminar Burning Velocity and Flame Speed; 6.2.2. Mechanisms of Flame Acceleration; 6.2.3. Effect of Fuel Reactivity; 6.2.4. Effect of Confinement; 6.2.5. Effect of Congestion; 6.2.6. Effects of Other Factors; 6.2.7. University of Leeds Correlation; 6.2.8. TOO GAME Correlation; 6.2.9. Shell CAM Correlation; 6.3. Vapor Cloud Detonation Theory and Research 6.3.1. Direct Initiation of Vapor Cloud Detonations |
Record Nr. | UNINA-9910139403303321 |
Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2010 | ||
Materiale a stampa | ||
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
|
Guidelines for vapor cloud explosion, pressure vessel burst, BLEVE, and flash fire hazards |
Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2010 |
Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (458 p.) |
Disciplina |
660.2804
660/.2804 |
Collana | CCPS concept book Guidelines for vapor cloud explosion, pressure vessel burst, BLEVE, and flash fire hazards. |
Soggetto topico |
Chemical plants - Fires and fire prevention
Chemical plants - Safety measures Pressure vessels - Safety measures Chemicals - Fires and fire prevention Explosions - Prevention |
ISBN |
1-118-20987-7
1-283-37163-4 9786613371638 0-470-64043-X 1-61583-627-6 0-470-64044-8 |
Formato | Materiale a stampa |
Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
Nota di contenuto |
Guidelines for Vapor Cloud Explosion, Pressure Vessel Burst, BLEVE, and Flash Fire Hazards; CONTENTS; List of Tables; List of Figures; Glossary; Acknowledgements; 1. INTRODUCTION; 2. MANAGEMENT OVERVIEW; 2.1. Flash Fires; 2.2. Vapor Cloud Explosions; 2.3. Pressure Vessel Bursts; 2.4. BLEVEs; 2.5. Prediction methodologies; 3. CASE HISTORIES; 3.1. Historical experience; 3.2. Flash fires; 3.2.1. Donnellson, Iowa, USA: Propane Fire; 3.2.2. Lynchburg, Virginia, USA: Propane Fire; 3.2.3. Quantum Chemicals, Morris, Illinois, USA: Olefins Unit Flash Fire; 3.3. Vapor Cloud Explosions
3.3.1. Flixborough, UK: Vapor Cloud Explosion in Chemical Plant3.3.2. Port Hudson, Missouri, USA: Vapor Cloud Explosion after Propane Pipeline Failure; 3.3.3. Jackass Flats, Nevada, USA: Hydrogen-Air Explosion during Experiment; 3.3.4. Ufa, West-Siberia, USSR: Pipeline Rupture Resulting In a VCE; 3.3.5. Phillips, Pasadena, Texas USA: Propylene HDPE Unit VCE and BLEVEs; 3.3.6. BP, Texas City, Texas USA: Discharge from Atmospheric Vent Resulting in a VCE; 3.4. Pressure Vessel Burst; 3.4.1. Kaiser Aluminum, Gramercy, Louisiana USA: Alumina Process Pressure Vessel Burst 3.4.2. Union Carbide Seadrift, Texas USA: Ethylene Oxide Distillation Column Pressure Vessel Burst3.4.3. Dana Corporation, Paris, Tennessee USA: Boiler Pressure Vessel Burst; 3.5. BLEVE; 3.5.1. Procter and Gamble, Worms, Germany: Liquid CO2 Storage Vessel Explosion; 3.5.2. San Juan Ixhuatepec, Mexico City, Mexico: Series of BLEVEs at LPG Storage Facility; 3.5.3. San Carlos de la Rapita, Spain: Propylene Tank Truck Failure; 3.5.4. Crescent City, Illinois, USA: LPG Rail Car Derailment; 3.5.5. Kingman, Arizona USA: LPG Railroad Tank Car BLEVE; 4. BASIC CONCEPTS 4.1. Atmospheric Vapor Cloud Dispersion4.2. Ignition; 4.3. Thermal Radiation; 4.3.1. Point-Source Model; 4.3.2. Solid-Flame Model; 4.4. Explosions - VCE; 4.4.1. Deflagration; 4.4.2. Detonation; 4.5. Blast Effects; 4.5.1. Manifestation; 4.5.2. Blast Loading; 4.5.3. Ground Reflection; 4.5.4. Blast Scaling; 5. FLASH FIRES; 5.1. Overview of Experimental Research; 5.1.1. China Lake and Frenchmen Flats cryogenic liquid tests; 5.1.2. Maplin Sands Tests; 5.1.3. Musselbanks Propane Tests; 5.1.4. HSE LPG Tests of Flash Fires and Jet Fires; 5.2. Flash-Fire Radiation Models; 5.3. Sample Calculations 6. VAPOR CLOUD EXPLOSIONS6.1. Introduction; 6.1.1. Organization of Chapter; 6.1.2. VCE Phenomena; 6.1.3. Definition of VCE; 6.1.4. Confinement and Congestion; 6.2. Vapor Cloud Deflagration Theory and Research; 6.2.1. Laminar Burning Velocity and Flame Speed; 6.2.2. Mechanisms of Flame Acceleration; 6.2.3. Effect of Fuel Reactivity; 6.2.4. Effect of Confinement; 6.2.5. Effect of Congestion; 6.2.6. Effects of Other Factors; 6.2.7. University of Leeds Correlation; 6.2.8. TOO GAME Correlation; 6.2.9. Shell CAM Correlation; 6.3. Vapor Cloud Detonation Theory and Research 6.3.1. Direct Initiation of Vapor Cloud Detonations |
Record Nr. | UNINA-9910830788803321 |
Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2010 | ||
Materiale a stampa | ||
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
|
Handbook of explosion prevention and protection [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Martin Hattwig, Henrikus Steen |
Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 |
Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (721 p.) |
Disciplina |
363.1798
604.7 662.2 |
Altri autori (Persone) |
HattwigMartin
SteenHenrikus |
Soggetto topico |
Explosives - Safety measures
Gases - Safety measures Explosions - Prevention |
Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
ISBN |
1-281-23928-3
9786611239282 1-61344-827-9 3-527-61246-7 3-527-61247-5 |
Formato | Materiale a stampa |
Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
Nota di contenuto |
Handbook of Explosion Prevention and Protection; Contents; Preface of the Editors; List of Contributors; 1 Explosion Processes; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Quantitative Description of Combustion Processes; 1.1.2 Ignition; 1.1.3 Thermal Ignition; 1.1.4 Chain Explosion - Chain Reactions; 1.1.5 Ignition Temperature; 1.1.6 Ignition Delay Times; 1.2 Propagation of Combustion Processes in the Gas Phase; 1.2.1 Flames in Premixed Gases; 1.2.2 Flame Temperature; 1.2.3 Reaction Zone; 1.2.4 Interaction of Flames with a Wall; 1.2.5 Description of Detonations and Shock Waves; 1.2.6 Limits of Detonability
1.2.7 Spherical Detonations1.3 Instationary Flame Propagation: Explosions; 1.3.1 Flames in Tubes: Open Systems; 1.3.2 Flames in Closed Systems; 1.3.3 Influence of Obstacles in the Flame Path; 1.3.4 Direct Transition to Detonation; 1.4 Explosions in the Open; 1.4.1 Combustion of a Gas Cloud: An Idealized Model; 1.4.2 Effect of Obstacles: Analysis of Accidents; 2 Ignition Processes; 2.1 Electrical Ignition Sources; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Ignition Process in Explosible Atmospheres; 2.1.3 Minimum Ignition Energy of Flammable Gases and Vapors; 2.1.3.1 The Concept of Minimum Ignition Energy 2.1.3.2 Determination Methods2.1.3.3 Minimum Ignition Energies; 2.1.3.4 Peculiarities of Hardly Flammable Vapors; 2.1.3.5 Determination of the Minimum Ignition Energy by Laser Breakthrough; 2.1.3.6 Energy Turnover in Sparks; 2.1.4 Minimum Ignition Energy of Flammable Dusts; 2.1.4.1 Determination Methods; 2.1.4.2 Influence of an Inductance in the Discharge Circuit; 2.1.5 Sparks on Opening and Closing Electrical Circuits; 2.1.5.1 Introduction; 2.1.5.2 Spark Test Apparatus; 2.1.5.3 Limiting Values for Ignition in Capacitive, Inductive, and Ohmic Circuits 2.1.5.4 Explosion Prevention and Protection for Electrical Equipment2.1.5.5 Compensating Electric Currents (Stray Currents) in Plants; 2.1.6 Unintended Reception of High-Frequency Radiation; 2.1.6.1 Structures in Plants Capable of Reception; 2.1.6.2 Limiting Values for Ignition; 2.1.6.3 Assessment of the Ignition Hazard and Prevention Measures; 2.2 Ignition Hazards due to Static Electricity; 2.2.1 Fundamentals; 2.2.2 Sytematic Approach for Judging Ignition Hazards due to Electrostatic Charging; 2.2.3 Discharges in Gases; 2.2.4 Different Types of Discharge; 2.2.4.1 Spark Discharges 2.2.4.2 Corona Discharge2.2.4.3 Brush Discharges; 2.2.4.4 Propagating Brush Discharges; 2.2.4.5 Discharges from Conical Piles of Bulk Goods; 2.2.4.6 Lightninglike Discharges; 2.2.5 Charging of Solid Materials; 2.2.6 Charging of Liquids; 2.2.6.1 Charge Relaxation in Nonpolar Liquids; 2.2.6.2 Ignition Hazards during Filling of Tanks; 2.2.6.3 Stirring of Two-Phase Mixtures; 2.2.6.4 Spraying of Liquids, Tank Cleaning; 2.2.7 Charging during Handling of Gases; 2.2.7.1 General; 2.2.7.2 Fire Extinguishers; 2.2.7.3 Inerting; 2.2.7.4 Tank Cleaning with Steam 2.2.7.5 Unintended Release of Compressed Gases |
Record Nr. | UNINA-9910144329303321 |
Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 | ||
Materiale a stampa | ||
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
|
Handbook of explosion prevention and protection [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Martin Hattwig, Henrikus Steen |
Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 |
Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (721 p.) |
Disciplina |
363.1798
604.7 662.2 |
Altri autori (Persone) |
HattwigMartin
SteenHenrikus |
Soggetto topico |
Explosives - Safety measures
Gases - Safety measures Explosions - Prevention |
ISBN |
1-281-23928-3
9786611239282 1-61344-827-9 3-527-61246-7 3-527-61247-5 |
Formato | Materiale a stampa |
Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
Nota di contenuto |
Handbook of Explosion Prevention and Protection; Contents; Preface of the Editors; List of Contributors; 1 Explosion Processes; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Quantitative Description of Combustion Processes; 1.1.2 Ignition; 1.1.3 Thermal Ignition; 1.1.4 Chain Explosion - Chain Reactions; 1.1.5 Ignition Temperature; 1.1.6 Ignition Delay Times; 1.2 Propagation of Combustion Processes in the Gas Phase; 1.2.1 Flames in Premixed Gases; 1.2.2 Flame Temperature; 1.2.3 Reaction Zone; 1.2.4 Interaction of Flames with a Wall; 1.2.5 Description of Detonations and Shock Waves; 1.2.6 Limits of Detonability
1.2.7 Spherical Detonations1.3 Instationary Flame Propagation: Explosions; 1.3.1 Flames in Tubes: Open Systems; 1.3.2 Flames in Closed Systems; 1.3.3 Influence of Obstacles in the Flame Path; 1.3.4 Direct Transition to Detonation; 1.4 Explosions in the Open; 1.4.1 Combustion of a Gas Cloud: An Idealized Model; 1.4.2 Effect of Obstacles: Analysis of Accidents; 2 Ignition Processes; 2.1 Electrical Ignition Sources; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Ignition Process in Explosible Atmospheres; 2.1.3 Minimum Ignition Energy of Flammable Gases and Vapors; 2.1.3.1 The Concept of Minimum Ignition Energy 2.1.3.2 Determination Methods2.1.3.3 Minimum Ignition Energies; 2.1.3.4 Peculiarities of Hardly Flammable Vapors; 2.1.3.5 Determination of the Minimum Ignition Energy by Laser Breakthrough; 2.1.3.6 Energy Turnover in Sparks; 2.1.4 Minimum Ignition Energy of Flammable Dusts; 2.1.4.1 Determination Methods; 2.1.4.2 Influence of an Inductance in the Discharge Circuit; 2.1.5 Sparks on Opening and Closing Electrical Circuits; 2.1.5.1 Introduction; 2.1.5.2 Spark Test Apparatus; 2.1.5.3 Limiting Values for Ignition in Capacitive, Inductive, and Ohmic Circuits 2.1.5.4 Explosion Prevention and Protection for Electrical Equipment2.1.5.5 Compensating Electric Currents (Stray Currents) in Plants; 2.1.6 Unintended Reception of High-Frequency Radiation; 2.1.6.1 Structures in Plants Capable of Reception; 2.1.6.2 Limiting Values for Ignition; 2.1.6.3 Assessment of the Ignition Hazard and Prevention Measures; 2.2 Ignition Hazards due to Static Electricity; 2.2.1 Fundamentals; 2.2.2 Sytematic Approach for Judging Ignition Hazards due to Electrostatic Charging; 2.2.3 Discharges in Gases; 2.2.4 Different Types of Discharge; 2.2.4.1 Spark Discharges 2.2.4.2 Corona Discharge2.2.4.3 Brush Discharges; 2.2.4.4 Propagating Brush Discharges; 2.2.4.5 Discharges from Conical Piles of Bulk Goods; 2.2.4.6 Lightninglike Discharges; 2.2.5 Charging of Solid Materials; 2.2.6 Charging of Liquids; 2.2.6.1 Charge Relaxation in Nonpolar Liquids; 2.2.6.2 Ignition Hazards during Filling of Tanks; 2.2.6.3 Stirring of Two-Phase Mixtures; 2.2.6.4 Spraying of Liquids, Tank Cleaning; 2.2.7 Charging during Handling of Gases; 2.2.7.1 General; 2.2.7.2 Fire Extinguishers; 2.2.7.3 Inerting; 2.2.7.4 Tank Cleaning with Steam 2.2.7.5 Unintended Release of Compressed Gases |
Record Nr. | UNINA-9910830245603321 |
Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 | ||
Materiale a stampa | ||
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
|
Handbook of explosion prevention and protection / / edited by Martin Hattwig, Henrikus Steen |
Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 |
Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (721 p.) |
Disciplina | 662/.2 |
Altri autori (Persone) |
HattwigMartin
SteenHenrikus |
Soggetto topico |
Explosives - Safety measures
Gases - Safety measures Explosions - Prevention |
ISBN |
1-281-23928-3
9786611239282 1-61344-827-9 3-527-61246-7 3-527-61247-5 |
Formato | Materiale a stampa |
Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
Nota di contenuto |
Handbook of Explosion Prevention and Protection; Contents; Preface of the Editors; List of Contributors; 1 Explosion Processes; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 Quantitative Description of Combustion Processes; 1.1.2 Ignition; 1.1.3 Thermal Ignition; 1.1.4 Chain Explosion - Chain Reactions; 1.1.5 Ignition Temperature; 1.1.6 Ignition Delay Times; 1.2 Propagation of Combustion Processes in the Gas Phase; 1.2.1 Flames in Premixed Gases; 1.2.2 Flame Temperature; 1.2.3 Reaction Zone; 1.2.4 Interaction of Flames with a Wall; 1.2.5 Description of Detonations and Shock Waves; 1.2.6 Limits of Detonability
1.2.7 Spherical Detonations1.3 Instationary Flame Propagation: Explosions; 1.3.1 Flames in Tubes: Open Systems; 1.3.2 Flames in Closed Systems; 1.3.3 Influence of Obstacles in the Flame Path; 1.3.4 Direct Transition to Detonation; 1.4 Explosions in the Open; 1.4.1 Combustion of a Gas Cloud: An Idealized Model; 1.4.2 Effect of Obstacles: Analysis of Accidents; 2 Ignition Processes; 2.1 Electrical Ignition Sources; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Ignition Process in Explosible Atmospheres; 2.1.3 Minimum Ignition Energy of Flammable Gases and Vapors; 2.1.3.1 The Concept of Minimum Ignition Energy 2.1.3.2 Determination Methods2.1.3.3 Minimum Ignition Energies; 2.1.3.4 Peculiarities of Hardly Flammable Vapors; 2.1.3.5 Determination of the Minimum Ignition Energy by Laser Breakthrough; 2.1.3.6 Energy Turnover in Sparks; 2.1.4 Minimum Ignition Energy of Flammable Dusts; 2.1.4.1 Determination Methods; 2.1.4.2 Influence of an Inductance in the Discharge Circuit; 2.1.5 Sparks on Opening and Closing Electrical Circuits; 2.1.5.1 Introduction; 2.1.5.2 Spark Test Apparatus; 2.1.5.3 Limiting Values for Ignition in Capacitive, Inductive, and Ohmic Circuits 2.1.5.4 Explosion Prevention and Protection for Electrical Equipment2.1.5.5 Compensating Electric Currents (Stray Currents) in Plants; 2.1.6 Unintended Reception of High-Frequency Radiation; 2.1.6.1 Structures in Plants Capable of Reception; 2.1.6.2 Limiting Values for Ignition; 2.1.6.3 Assessment of the Ignition Hazard and Prevention Measures; 2.2 Ignition Hazards due to Static Electricity; 2.2.1 Fundamentals; 2.2.2 Sytematic Approach for Judging Ignition Hazards due to Electrostatic Charging; 2.2.3 Discharges in Gases; 2.2.4 Different Types of Discharge; 2.2.4.1 Spark Discharges 2.2.4.2 Corona Discharge2.2.4.3 Brush Discharges; 2.2.4.4 Propagating Brush Discharges; 2.2.4.5 Discharges from Conical Piles of Bulk Goods; 2.2.4.6 Lightninglike Discharges; 2.2.5 Charging of Solid Materials; 2.2.6 Charging of Liquids; 2.2.6.1 Charge Relaxation in Nonpolar Liquids; 2.2.6.2 Ignition Hazards during Filling of Tanks; 2.2.6.3 Stirring of Two-Phase Mixtures; 2.2.6.4 Spraying of Liquids, Tank Cleaning; 2.2.7 Charging during Handling of Gases; 2.2.7.1 General; 2.2.7.2 Fire Extinguishers; 2.2.7.3 Inerting; 2.2.7.4 Tank Cleaning with Steam 2.2.7.5 Unintended Release of Compressed Gases |
Record Nr. | UNINA-9910877266403321 |
Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 | ||
Materiale a stampa | ||
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
|