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People flow in buildings / / Marja-Liisa Siikonen
| People flow in buildings / / Marja-Liisa Siikonen |
| Autore | Siikonen Marja-Liisa |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2021] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (450 pages) |
| Disciplina | 621.877 |
| Soggetto topico |
Elevators - Planning
Corridors |
| ISBN |
1-119-54558-7
1-119-54559-5 1-119-54555-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Symbols and Abbreviations -- Preface -- Scope of the Book -- Part I Measured People Flow in Buildings -- Chapter 1 Building Design Population -- 1.1 Office Building Population -- 1.2 Number of Inhabitants in Residential Buildings -- 1.3 Number of Hotel Guests -- 1.4 People Arriving from Parking Areas -- 1.5 Population in Hospitals -- 1.6 Other Types of Populated Buildings -- Chapter 2 People Counting Methods -- 2.1 Counting Technology Inside and Outside Buildings -- 2.2 Passenger Traffic Components -- 2.3 Manual People-counting -- 2.4 Use of Optical Vision -- 2.5 Visitor-counting with Photocell Signals and Infra-red Beams -- 2.6 People-counting with Access Control System -- 2.7 Passenger-counting by Load-weighing Device -- 2.8 Elevator Monitoring Systems -- 2.9 External Traffic Measurement Devices -- 2.10 Smart Sensing and Mobile Computing -- Chapter 3 Passenger Arrival Process in Buildings -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Poisson Arrival Process -- 3.2.1 Probability Density Function -- 3.2.2 Example of Passenger Arrivals Through Security Cages -- 3.3 Passenger Arrivals in Batches -- 3.3.1 Batch Arrivals in Elevator Lobbies -- 3.3.2 Batch Arrivals in Escalators -- 3.3.3 Observed Batch Sizes in Several Building Types -- 3.3.4 Batch Size Variation in Elevator Lobbies During the Day -- 3.3.5 Modelling of Batch Size Distribution -- Chapter 4 Daily Vertical Passenger Traffic Profiles -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Vertical Building Traffic Components -- 4.3 Two-Way Traffic and Effect of Measurement Interval -- 4.4 Effect of Inter-Floor Traffic -- 4.5 Occupancy in Buildings -- 4.6 Passenger Trips with Elevators -- 4.7 People Flow in Office Buildings -- 4.7.1 Traffic in Offices -- 4.7.2 Observed Daily Two-Way Traffic Profiles -- 4.7.3 Daily Traffic Profiles with Inter-Floor Traffic -- 4.8 People Flow in Hotels.
4.8.1 Traffic in Hotels -- 4.8.2 Daily Traffic Profiles in Hotels -- 4.9 People Flow in Residential Buildings -- 4.9.1 Traffic in Residential Buildings -- 4.9.2 Traffic Profiles in Residential Buildings -- 4.10 People Flow Profiles in Hospitals -- 4.10.1 Hospital Traffic -- 4.10.2 Daily Traffic in Hospitals -- 4.11 People Flow in Commercial and Public Buildings -- 4.11.1 Traffic in Commercial and Public Buildings -- 4.11.2 Daily People Flow in Escalators -- 4.11.3 Daily People Flow in Elevators in Shopping Centres -- 4.11.4 Duration of a Visit in a Shopping Centre -- 4.11.5 People Flow by GPS in Public Buildings -- 4.12 People Flow on Cruise Ships -- 4.12.1 Traffic in Cruisers -- 4.12.2 Daily Traffic Profiles for Typical Days -- Chapter 5 Monitored Elevator Traffic Data -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Service Quality Parameters -- 5.3 Measured Passenger Service Level -- 5.3.1 Measured Passenger Traffic with External Device -- 5.3.2 Call Time Distribution -- 5.3.3 Waiting Time Distribution with Destination Control -- 5.3.4 Monthly Service Times -- 5.4 Measured Elevator Performance -- 5.4.1 Number of Starts During a Month -- 5.4.2 Correlation Between Cycle Time and Round Trip Time -- Part II People Flow Solutions -- Chapter 6 Historical Overview -- Chapter 7 Push-Button Control Systems -- 7.1 Signal Operation -- 7.2 Single-Button Collective Control -- 7.3 Down Collective Control -- 7.4 Interconnected Full Collective Control Principle -- Chapter 8 Collective Group Control System -- 8.1 Software-Based Collective Control System -- 8.2 Bunching -- 8.3 Next Car Up -- 8.4 Dynamic Sub-zoning -- 8.5 Channelling -- 8.6 Queue Selective Control System -- Chapter 9 Intelligent Group Control Systems -- 9.1 Performance Requirements -- 9.2 Control System Architectures -- Chapter 10 Artificial Intelligence in Elevator Dispatching -- 10.1 Introduction. 10.2 AI Architectures -- 10.3 Traffic Forecasting -- 10.4 Fuzzy Logic -- 10.5 Genetic Algorithm -- 10.6 Neural Networks -- 10.7 Optimization Objective Functions -- 10.8 Elevator Lobby with Collective Control System -- 10.9 Hospital Service Modes -- Chapter 11 Destination Control System -- 11.1 Adaptive Call Allocation Algorithm -- 11.2 Destination Control System -- 11.3 Hybrid Destination Control System -- 11.4 `Harmonized´ Elevator Dispatching -- 11.5 Elevator Lobby with Destination Control System -- Chapter 12 Multi-Car Control Systems -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Paternoster -- 12.3 Odyssey -- 12.4 Double-Deck Elevators -- 12.4.1 Functional Principle of Double-Deck Elevators -- 12.4.2 Conventional Double-Deck Control -- 12.4.3 Double-Deck Destination Control -- 12.4.4 Harmonized Dispatching for Double-Deck Elevators -- 12.5 TWIN -- 12.6 MULTI -- 12.7 Other Possible Multi-Car Elevator Control Systems -- Chapter 13 Access Control Systems -- 13.1 Application Areas -- 13.2 Access Control by an External Provider -- 13.3 Access Control Embedded in an Elevator Control -- Chapter 14 Architectural Considerations of Elevators -- 14.1 Layouts with Conventional Control -- 14.2 Layouts with Destination Control System -- 14.3 Dimensions of Passenger Elevators -- 14.4 Vertical Elevator Dimensions -- 14.5 Lobby Arrangement with Double-Deck Elevators -- Chapter 15 Architectural Considerations of Other People Flow Solutions -- 15.1 Escalator Arrangements -- 15.2 Horizontal Escalator Dimensions -- 15.3 Vertical Escalator Dimensions -- 15.4 Dimensions of Moving Walkways -- 15.5 Staircase Dimensions -- 15.6 Building Door Types -- Part III People Flow Calculation Methods -- Chapter 16 Introduction -- Chapter 17 Elevator Traffic Calculation Methods -- 17.1 Elevator Performance Parameters -- 17.2 Elevator Handling Capacity Equation -- 17.3 Elevator Kinematics. 17.3.1 Elevator Rated Speed -- 17.3.2 Flight Time Calculation -- 17.4 Up-Peak Round Trip Time Equations -- 17.4.1 Uniform Passenger Arrivals -- 17.4.2 Poisson Arrival Process -- 17.4.3 Uniform Arrival Process for r-Floor Elevator Jumps -- 17.4.4 Poisson Arrival Process for r-Floor Elevator Jumps -- 17.4.5 Uniform Arrival Process for Elevator Jumps Between Floor Pairs -- 17.4.6 Poisson Arrival Process for Elevator Jumps Between Floor Pairs -- 17.4.7 A Generalized Round Trip Time Formula -- 17.5 Round Trip Time-Related Equations -- 17.5.1 Shuttle Elevators -- 17.5.2 Express Zones -- 17.5.3 Dynamic Zoning in Up-peak -- 17.5.4 Unsymmetric Elevator Groups -- 17.5.5 Multiple Entrance Floors -- 17.5.6 Two-Way Traffic -- 17.6 Multi-Car Traffic Analysis -- 17.6.1 Paternoster Performance -- 17.6.2 Double-Deck Performance -- 17.6.3 Number of MULTI Cabins and Shafts -- 17.7 Egress Time with Elevators -- Chapter 18 Passenger Service Level -- 18.1 Queuing Theoretical Approach -- 18.1.1 Waiting Times -- 18.1.2 Transit Times -- 18.1.3 Journey Time -- 18.2 Queuing at Hot Spots -- Chapter 19 Pedestrian Traffic -- 19.1 People Flow Density -- 19.1.1 Level of Service -- 19.1.2 Human Body Size -- 19.1.3 Passenger Characteristics -- 19.1.4 Passenger Space Demand in Elevators -- 19.2 Escalator Handling Capacity -- 19.3 Handling Capacity of Moving Walkways -- 19.4 People Flow in Walkways -- 19.5 People Flow in Staircases -- 19.6 People Flow in Corridors and Doorways -- 19.7 Handling Capacities of Turnstiles and Ticket Counters -- 19.8 Number of Destination Operation Panels -- Part IV People Flow Simulation Methods -- Chapter 20 Introduction -- Chapter 21 Traffic Simulation Methods -- 21.1 Monte Carlo Simulation -- 21.2 Passenger Traffic Generation -- 21.3 Traffic Simulation of an Elevator Group -- 21.4 Building Traffic Simulation -- 21.5 People Flow Simulation. 21.5.1 Simulation Software Architecture -- 21.5.2 Passenger Routing Model -- Chapter 22 Simulation Procedure -- 22.1 Simulated Handling Capacity -- 22.2 Initial Transient -- 22.3 Stepwise or Ramp Arrival Profiles -- 22.4 Traffic Patterns -- 22.4.1 Introduction -- 22.4.2 Office Traffic Templates -- 22.4.3 Hotel Traffic Templates -- 22.4.4 Traffic Templates of Residential Buildings -- Chapter 23 Validation of Elevator Traffic Simulation Software -- 23.1 Introduction -- 23.2 Verification of Simulator Models -- 23.3 Validation of the Elevator Traffic Simulator -- Chapter 24 Simulated Elevator Performance and Passenger Service Level -- 24.1 Introduction -- 24.2 Up-Peak Boosting -- 24.2.1 Traffic Boosting with Destination Control -- 24.2.2 Boosting with Double-Deck System -- 24.2.3 Effect of Elevator Group Size -- 24.3 Traffic Simulations with Diverse Control Systems -- 24.3.1 Simulation Setup for an Example Building -- 24.3.2 Conventional Control with Single-Car Elevator System -- 24.3.3 Destination Control with Single-Car Elevator System -- 24.3.4 Conventional Control Double-Deck System -- 24.3.5 Destination Control Double-Deck System -- 24.4 Comparison Handling Capacities -- 24.5 Service Time Distributions with Conventional System -- Part V People Flow Planning and Evacuation -- Chapter 25 Introduction -- Chapter 26 ISO 8100-32 -- 26.1 Background -- 26.2 Design Process -- 26.3 ISO Calculation Method -- 26.4 ISO Simulation Method -- 26.5 Selection of Rated Load Based on Mass -- 26.6 Selection of Rated Load Based on Area and Mass -- Chapter 27 Design Criteria -- 27.1 ISO 8100-32 Design Criteria -- 27.2 BCO Design Criteria for Offices -- 27.3 Other Design Criteria -- Chapter 28 Elevatoring Low- and Mid-Rise Buildings -- 28.1 Offices -- 28.2 Hotels -- 28.3 Residential Buildings -- 28.4 Hospitals -- 28.5 Parking Areas. Chapter 29 People Transportation in Commercial and Public Buildings. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910555109903321 |
Siikonen Marja-Liisa
|
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| Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2021] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Transport Corridors in Africa / / Paul Nugent [and eight others]
| Transport Corridors in Africa / / Paul Nugent [and eight others] |
| Autore | Nugent Paul |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Woodbridge : , : Boydell & Brewer, , 2022 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xii, 325 pages) |
| Disciplina | 720.924 |
| Soggetto topico | Corridors |
| ISBN | 1-80010-476-6 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | List of Illustrations -- Notes on Contributors -- Preface and Acknowledgements -- 1. Introduction: Transport Corridors in Africa: Synergy, Slippage, and Sustainability Paul Nugent and Hugh Lamarque -- 2. Infrastructure, Development and Neoliberalism in Africa: The Concept of Transport Corridors in UgandaSidy Cissokho -- 3. Hidden in Plain Sight: The Temporal Layers of Transport Corridors in UgandaIsabella Soi -- 4. From Priority Projects to Corridor Approaches: The African and European Transport Networks in PerspectiveSergio Oliete Josa and Francesc Margrinya -- 5. The Political Economy of West African Integration: The Transport Sector on Two Port CorridorsBruce Byiers and Sean Woolfrey -- 6. The Dakar-Bamako Corridor: Between Boom and ContradictionsJerome Lombard -- 7. Privatising the Port: Harbouring Neoliberalism in LomeNina Sylvanus -- 8. A Time for Realignment? Retrofit in the Golden Era of the Cameroonian RailwaysJose-Maria Munoz -- 9. When is a Corridor Just a Road? Understanding Thwarted Ambitions Along the Abidjan-Lagos CorridorPaul Nugent -- 10. The Jealousy of Roads: Construction, Circulation, and Competition on East Africa's Transport CorridorsHugh Lamarque -- 11. Following the Tracks: Chinese Development Finance and the Addis-Djibouti Railway CorridorYunnan Chen -- 12. Corridors of Opportunity? African Infrastructure and the Market Expansion of Chinese CompaniesElisa Gambino. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910595463803321 |
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Nugent Paul
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| Woodbridge : , : Boydell & Brewer, , 2022 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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