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Absorption and drug development [[electronic resource] ] : solubility, permeability, and charge state / / Alex Avdeef
| Absorption and drug development [[electronic resource] ] : solubility, permeability, and charge state / / Alex Avdeef |
| Autore | Avdeef Alex |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, N.J., : John Wiley & Sons, c2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (742 p.) |
| Disciplina | 615/.19 |
| Soggetto topico |
Drugs - Design
Drugs - Metabolism Drug development Absorption |
| ISBN |
1-62198-226-2
1-280-58934-5 9786613619174 1-118-28603-0 1-118-28606-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Introduction -- Transport model -- pKa determination -- Octanol-water partitioning -- Liposome-water partitioning -- Solubility -- Permeability - Pampa -- Permeability Caco 2/MDCK -- Permeability blood brain barrier. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910141449403321 |
Avdeef Alex
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| Hoboken, N.J., : John Wiley & Sons, c2012 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Absorption rate sticking probabilities for oxygen on columbium and dilute columbium-zirconium alloys / / by Charles A. Barrett
| Absorption rate sticking probabilities for oxygen on columbium and dilute columbium-zirconium alloys / / by Charles A. Barrett |
| Autore | Barrett Charles A. |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C. : , : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, , November 1968 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (ii, 38 pages) : illustrations |
| Collana | NASA/TN |
| Soggetto topico |
Niobium alloys
Niobium Absorption Chemisorption Niobium-zirconium alloys Oxygen - Absorption and adsorption Pressure - Measurement |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910715939903321 |
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Barrett Charles A.
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| Washington, D.C. : , : National Aeronautics and Space Administration, , November 1968 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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An analysis of an x-ray absorption method for measurement of high gas temperatures / / by Ruth N. Weltmann and Perry W. Kuhns
| An analysis of an x-ray absorption method for measurement of high gas temperatures / / by Ruth N. Weltmann and Perry W. Kuhns |
| Autore | Weltmann Ruth N. |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, [D.C.] : , : National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, , 1951 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (35 pages) : illustrations |
| Collana | Technical notes / National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics |
| Soggetto topico |
Gases at high temperatures
Gases Hydrocarbons Temperature measurements X-rays Absorption |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910713753503321 |
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Weltmann Ruth N.
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| Washington, [D.C.] : , : National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics, , 1951 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Films on solid surfaces : the physics and chemistry of physical absorption / J.G. Dash
| Films on solid surfaces : the physics and chemistry of physical absorption / J.G. Dash |
| Autore | Dash, J.G. |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York : Academic Press, 1975 |
| Descrizione fisica | xi, 273 p. : ill. ; 24 cm. |
| Soggetto topico |
Absorption
Surface chemistry Thin films |
| Classificazione |
53.7.8
533'.1 QC182 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNISALENTO-991000946359707536 |
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Dash, J.G.
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| New York : Academic Press, 1975 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. del Salento | ||
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Handbook of specialty fluorinated polymers : preparation, properties, and applications / / edited by Susanta Banerjee ; contributors, Ershad Ali Mistri [and nine others]
| Handbook of specialty fluorinated polymers : preparation, properties, and applications / / edited by Susanta Banerjee ; contributors, Ershad Ali Mistri [and nine others] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : , : Elsevier, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (341 p.) |
| Disciplina | 541.3453 |
| Collana | PDL Handbook Series |
| Soggetto topico |
Absorption
Polymers |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910788115003321 |
| Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : , : Elsevier, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Handbook of specialty fluorinated polymers : preparation, properties, and applications / / edited by Susanta Banerjee ; contributors, Ershad Ali Mistri [and nine others]
| Handbook of specialty fluorinated polymers : preparation, properties, and applications / / edited by Susanta Banerjee ; contributors, Ershad Ali Mistri [and nine others] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : , : Elsevier, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (341 p.) |
| Disciplina | 541.3453 |
| Collana | PDL Handbook Series |
| Soggetto topico |
Absorption
Polymers |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910819137603321 |
| Amsterdam, [Netherlands] : , : Elsevier, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersions / / edited by Ann Newman, Seventh Street Development Group Lafayette, Indiana, USA ; contributors, Patrick Augustijns [and forty seven others]
| Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersions / / edited by Ann Newman, Seventh Street Development Group Lafayette, Indiana, USA ; contributors, Patrick Augustijns [and forty seven others] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (1218 p.) |
| Disciplina | 615.7 |
| Soggetto topico |
Pharmaceutical technology
Absorption Solubility |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-118-90141-X
1-118-90138-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Preface; Contributors; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Formation of the Amorphous State and the Glass Transition Temperature; 1.3 Structure of Amorphous Solids; 1.4 Molecular Mobility in Amorphous Solids; 1.5 Solid-State Crystallization from the Amorphous State; 1.6 Supersaturation of API in Aqueous Media from the Amorphous State; 1.7 Mixtures of Amorphous Solids; 1.8 Formation and Properties of Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 1.9 Solid-State Crystallization from Amorphous Dispersions; 1.10 Dissolution and Supersaturation of API from Amorphous Solid Dispersions
1.11 Pharmaceutical Development of Amorphous Solid DispersionsReferences; Chapter 1: Introduction to Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 2.1 Polymers Commonly Used in Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 2.2 Surfactants Commonly Used in Solid Dispersions; 2.3 Synergies between Surfactants and Polymers in Solid Dispersion Systems; 2.4 Physical Properties of Materials and Considerations in Designing Solid Dispersions; References; Chapter 2: Polymers and Surfactants; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Amorphous Dispersion Screening; 3.3 Amorphous Solid Dispersion Selection; 3.4 Case Study; 3.5 Conclusions; References Chapter 3: Amorphous Solid Dispersion Screening4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Thermal Analysis Methods; 4.3 Dielectric Relaxation Methods; 4.4 Moisture Sorption Methods; 4.5 Vibrational Spectroscopy and Microspectroscopy; 4.6 Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy; 4.7 Other Molecular Spectroscopic Methods; 4.8 X-Ray Diffractometry; 4.9 Microscopic and Surface Analysis Methods; 4.10 Other Emerging Analytical Methods; 4.11 Computational Models; 4.12 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4: Solid-State Characterization of Amorphous Dispersions; 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Theory of Crystallization in the Solid State5.3 Factors Impacting the Crystallization Tendency of Active Pharmaceutical Compounds; 5.4 Role of Additives in Modifying Solid-State Crystallization; 5.5 Assessment of Physical Stability; 5.6 Crystallization in Aqueous Environments; 5.7 Summary and Outlook; References; Chapter 5: Physical Stability and Crystallization Inhibition; 6.1 Solubility and Dissolution: An Overview; 6.2 Differences Between Crystalline API, Amorphous Materials, and Amorphous Dispersions as it Pertains to Solubility and Dissolution 6.3 The Relationship of Polymer Properties with Solubility, Dissolution, and Supersaturation6.4 Solubility and Dissolution Factors to Consider for Dispersions; 6.5 Solubility and Dissolution Measurements for Amorphous Dispersions: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 6: Solubility and Dissolution Considerations for Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 7.1 Introduction: Translational Drug Development; 7.2 Translational Development at the Discovery Stage; 7.3 Translational Development After Discovery; 7.4 Conclusions; References Chapter 7: Translational Development of Amorphous Dispersions |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910459699603321 |
| Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersions / / edited by Ann Newman, Seventh Street Development Group Lafayette, Indiana, USA ; contributors, Patrick Augustijns [and forty seven others]
| Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersions / / edited by Ann Newman, Seventh Street Development Group Lafayette, Indiana, USA ; contributors, Patrick Augustijns [and forty seven others] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (1218 p.) |
| Disciplina | 615.7 |
| Soggetto topico |
Pharmaceutical technology
Absorption Solubility |
| ISBN |
1-118-90141-X
1-118-90138-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Preface; Contributors; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Formation of the Amorphous State and the Glass Transition Temperature; 1.3 Structure of Amorphous Solids; 1.4 Molecular Mobility in Amorphous Solids; 1.5 Solid-State Crystallization from the Amorphous State; 1.6 Supersaturation of API in Aqueous Media from the Amorphous State; 1.7 Mixtures of Amorphous Solids; 1.8 Formation and Properties of Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 1.9 Solid-State Crystallization from Amorphous Dispersions; 1.10 Dissolution and Supersaturation of API from Amorphous Solid Dispersions
1.11 Pharmaceutical Development of Amorphous Solid DispersionsReferences; Chapter 1: Introduction to Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 2.1 Polymers Commonly Used in Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 2.2 Surfactants Commonly Used in Solid Dispersions; 2.3 Synergies between Surfactants and Polymers in Solid Dispersion Systems; 2.4 Physical Properties of Materials and Considerations in Designing Solid Dispersions; References; Chapter 2: Polymers and Surfactants; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Amorphous Dispersion Screening; 3.3 Amorphous Solid Dispersion Selection; 3.4 Case Study; 3.5 Conclusions; References Chapter 3: Amorphous Solid Dispersion Screening4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Thermal Analysis Methods; 4.3 Dielectric Relaxation Methods; 4.4 Moisture Sorption Methods; 4.5 Vibrational Spectroscopy and Microspectroscopy; 4.6 Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy; 4.7 Other Molecular Spectroscopic Methods; 4.8 X-Ray Diffractometry; 4.9 Microscopic and Surface Analysis Methods; 4.10 Other Emerging Analytical Methods; 4.11 Computational Models; 4.12 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4: Solid-State Characterization of Amorphous Dispersions; 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Theory of Crystallization in the Solid State5.3 Factors Impacting the Crystallization Tendency of Active Pharmaceutical Compounds; 5.4 Role of Additives in Modifying Solid-State Crystallization; 5.5 Assessment of Physical Stability; 5.6 Crystallization in Aqueous Environments; 5.7 Summary and Outlook; References; Chapter 5: Physical Stability and Crystallization Inhibition; 6.1 Solubility and Dissolution: An Overview; 6.2 Differences Between Crystalline API, Amorphous Materials, and Amorphous Dispersions as it Pertains to Solubility and Dissolution 6.3 The Relationship of Polymer Properties with Solubility, Dissolution, and Supersaturation6.4 Solubility and Dissolution Factors to Consider for Dispersions; 6.5 Solubility and Dissolution Measurements for Amorphous Dispersions: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 6: Solubility and Dissolution Considerations for Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 7.1 Introduction: Translational Drug Development; 7.2 Translational Development at the Discovery Stage; 7.3 Translational Development After Discovery; 7.4 Conclusions; References Chapter 7: Translational Development of Amorphous Dispersions |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910787406103321 |
| Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersions / / edited by Ann Newman, Seventh Street Development Group Lafayette, Indiana, USA ; contributors, Patrick Augustijns [and forty seven others]
| Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersions / / edited by Ann Newman, Seventh Street Development Group Lafayette, Indiana, USA ; contributors, Patrick Augustijns [and forty seven others] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (1218 p.) |
| Disciplina | 615.7 |
| Soggetto topico |
Pharmaceutical technology
Absorption Solubility |
| ISBN |
1-118-90141-X
1-118-90138-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Dedication; Preface; Contributors; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Formation of the Amorphous State and the Glass Transition Temperature; 1.3 Structure of Amorphous Solids; 1.4 Molecular Mobility in Amorphous Solids; 1.5 Solid-State Crystallization from the Amorphous State; 1.6 Supersaturation of API in Aqueous Media from the Amorphous State; 1.7 Mixtures of Amorphous Solids; 1.8 Formation and Properties of Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 1.9 Solid-State Crystallization from Amorphous Dispersions; 1.10 Dissolution and Supersaturation of API from Amorphous Solid Dispersions
1.11 Pharmaceutical Development of Amorphous Solid DispersionsReferences; Chapter 1: Introduction to Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 2.1 Polymers Commonly Used in Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 2.2 Surfactants Commonly Used in Solid Dispersions; 2.3 Synergies between Surfactants and Polymers in Solid Dispersion Systems; 2.4 Physical Properties of Materials and Considerations in Designing Solid Dispersions; References; Chapter 2: Polymers and Surfactants; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Amorphous Dispersion Screening; 3.3 Amorphous Solid Dispersion Selection; 3.4 Case Study; 3.5 Conclusions; References Chapter 3: Amorphous Solid Dispersion Screening4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Thermal Analysis Methods; 4.3 Dielectric Relaxation Methods; 4.4 Moisture Sorption Methods; 4.5 Vibrational Spectroscopy and Microspectroscopy; 4.6 Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy; 4.7 Other Molecular Spectroscopic Methods; 4.8 X-Ray Diffractometry; 4.9 Microscopic and Surface Analysis Methods; 4.10 Other Emerging Analytical Methods; 4.11 Computational Models; 4.12 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 4: Solid-State Characterization of Amorphous Dispersions; 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Theory of Crystallization in the Solid State5.3 Factors Impacting the Crystallization Tendency of Active Pharmaceutical Compounds; 5.4 Role of Additives in Modifying Solid-State Crystallization; 5.5 Assessment of Physical Stability; 5.6 Crystallization in Aqueous Environments; 5.7 Summary and Outlook; References; Chapter 5: Physical Stability and Crystallization Inhibition; 6.1 Solubility and Dissolution: An Overview; 6.2 Differences Between Crystalline API, Amorphous Materials, and Amorphous Dispersions as it Pertains to Solubility and Dissolution 6.3 The Relationship of Polymer Properties with Solubility, Dissolution, and Supersaturation6.4 Solubility and Dissolution Factors to Consider for Dispersions; 6.5 Solubility and Dissolution Measurements for Amorphous Dispersions: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations; Acknowledgments; References; Chapter 6: Solubility and Dissolution Considerations for Amorphous Solid Dispersions; 7.1 Introduction: Translational Drug Development; 7.2 Translational Development at the Discovery Stage; 7.3 Translational Development After Discovery; 7.4 Conclusions; References Chapter 7: Translational Development of Amorphous Dispersions |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910828545503321 |
| Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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The physics of laser radiation-matter interaction : fundamentals, and selected applications in metrology / / Alexander Horn
| The physics of laser radiation-matter interaction : fundamentals, and selected applications in metrology / / Alexander Horn |
| Autore | Horn Alexander |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (434 pages) |
| Disciplina | 541.3453 |
| Soggetto topico |
Absorption
Lasers Metrology |
| ISBN | 3-031-15862-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- Acronyms -- Part I Electromagnetic Radiation -- 1 Properties of Electromagnetic Radiation -- 1.1 Fundamental Interactions -- 1.1.1 Nuclear Forces -- 1.1.2 Electromagnetic Force -- 1.1.3 Gravitational Force -- 1.2 Wave and Particle Description of Electromagnetic Radiation -- 1.3 Photon Description -- 1.4 Maxwell Equations -- 1.4.1 Maxwell Equations in Vacuum -- 1.4.2 Continuity Equation -- 1.4.3 Integral Description of Maxwell Equations -- 1.5 Electromagnetic Waves -- 1.5.1 Derivation of Wave Equations -- 1.5.2 Fundamentals on Waves -- 1.5.3 Orthogonality of the Vector Fields -- 1.5.4 Scalar and Vector Potential -- 1.6 Energy Density of Electromagnetic Wave -- 1.6.1 Electrostatic Approach -- 1.6.2 Generalization to Electromagnetic Fields -- 1.6.3 Planar Electromagnetic Waves -- 1.6.4 Phase and Group Velocity -- 1.7 Laser Radiation -- 1.7.1 Spatial and Temporal Properties -- 1.7.2 Coherence -- 1.7.3 Spectral Modulation -- References -- 2 Generation of Electromagnetic Radiation -- 2.1 Discrete and Continuous Transitions -- 2.2 Spontaneous Emission -- 2.3 Acceleration of a Free Charge -- 2.3.1 General Aspects on the Retardation -- 2.3.2 General Solution of a Retarded Wave Equation -- 2.3.3 Maxwell Equations for a Moving Charge -- 2.4 Emission of Accelerated Charges -- 2.4.1 Collinear Velocity and Acceleration Vectors -- 2.4.2 Acceleration Perpendicular to the Velocity -- 2.4.3 Periodic Oscillation of a Charged Particle -- 2.5 Black-Body Radiation -- 2.5.1 One-Dimensional Hollow Black Body -- 2.5.2 Three-Dimensional Hollow Black Body -- 2.5.3 High- and Low Photon Energy Limits -- 2.5.4 The Stefan-Boltzmann Law -- 2.5.5 Wien's Displacement Law -- 2.5.6 Emitted Radiation Power -- 2.5.7 Real Thermal Emitter -- 2.6 Laser-Generated X-Rays -- 2.7 Concluding Remarks -- References.
Part II Interaction of Particles with Electromagnetic Radiation -- 3 Elastic Scattering at Charged Particles -- 3.1 Free Electron -- 3.1.1 Radiation Force -- 3.1.2 External Field -- 3.1.3 Dipole Moment and Differential Power per Solid Angle -- 3.2 Bounded Electron -- 3.2.1 Equation of Motion of a Weakly-Bounded Electron -- 3.2.2 Radiation Force -- 3.2.3 External Field -- 3.2.4 Dipole Moment and Differential Power per Solid Angle -- 3.3 Cross-Section -- 3.4 Polarization of Scattered Radiation -- 3.5 Photo-Excitation of Atoms -- 3.5.1 Linear Scattering -- 3.5.2 Non-linear Scattering -- 4 Inelastic Scattering and Absorption -- 4.1 Free Carrier Absorption-Inverse Bremsstrahlung -- 4.2 Raman Scattering -- 4.3 Photo-Ionization or Photo-Effect -- 4.4 Ponderomotive Energy and Force -- 4.5 Non-linear Photo-Ionization -- 4.5.1 Tunnel Ionization -- 4.5.2 Multi-photon Ionization -- 4.5.3 Keldysh Parameter for Atoms -- 4.5.4 Above-Threshold Multi-photon Ionization -- 4.6 Compton Scattering -- 4.7 Pair Production -- References -- 5 Scattering by Many Charges -- 5.1 Attenuation Coefficient -- 5.2 Coherent Scattering -- References -- Part III Interaction with Condensed Matter Without Absorption -- 6 Scattering in Matter -- 6.1 Reversible and Irreversible Interaction -- 6.2 Maxwell Equations in Matter -- 6.3 Lorentz Model -- 6.4 Refractive Index -- 6.5 Many Different Scatterers -- 6.6 Wave Equation in Matter -- 6.7 Straight Propagation in Condensed Matter -- 6.8 Speed of Light in Media -- References -- 7 Linear Optics -- 7.1 Steadiness of Fields -- 7.2 S-Polarized Radiation -- 7.3 P-Polarized Radiation -- 7.4 Boundary Conditions with Complex Refractive Index -- 7.5 Fresnel Equations for Transparent Dielectrics -- 7.6 Reflectance and Transmittance -- 7.7 Nearly Perpendicular Irradiation -- 7.8 Brewster Angle -- 7.9 Critical Angle for Total Reflection. 7.10 Internal Reflection and Evanescent Waves -- 8 Non-linear Optics -- 8.1 Principal Equations of Non-linear Optics -- 8.2 Non-linear Repulsive Forces -- 8.3 Second-Order Processes -- 8.3.1 Equation of Motion with Non-centrosymmetric Media -- 8.3.2 Non-linear Polarization Density -- 8.3.3 Differential Equation for the Second Harmonic Field -- 8.3.4 Second Harmonic Generation -- 8.3.5 Three-Wave Mixing -- 8.3.6 Parametric Amplification -- 8.4 Third-Order Processes -- 8.4.1 Equation of Motion with Centrosymmetric Media -- 8.4.2 Four-Wave Mixing -- 8.4.3 Third-Harmonic Generation -- 8.4.4 Kerr Effect -- 8.4.5 Self-focusing -- 8.4.6 Catastrophic Self-focusing -- 8.4.7 Self-phase Modulation -- References -- Part IV Interaction with Absorption -- 9 Electron Gas in Condensed Matter -- 9.1 Periodic Potentials -- 9.2 Electronic Properties at Zero Temperature -- 9.2.1 Quantized Wave Number and Energy -- 9.2.2 Density of States -- 9.2.3 Fermi-Dirac Distribution at T=0 K -- 9.3 Electronic Properties at Higher Temperatures -- 9.3.1 Fermi-Dirac Distribution at Higher Temperatures -- 9.3.2 High Electron Density: Metals -- 9.3.3 Low Electron Density: Semiconductors -- References -- 10 Optical Properties of an Electron Gas -- 10.1 General Aspects-Lambert-Beer's Law -- 10.2 Electron Gas -- 10.2.1 Free Electron Gas -- 10.2.2 Quasi-free Electron Gas -- 11 Band Theory of Crystals -- 11.1 Electronic Band Formation -- 11.2 Valence and Conduction Bands -- 11.2.1 Crystals at Absolute Zero Temperature -- 11.2.2 Crystals at Higher Temperatures -- 11.2.3 Electrons and Holes in Semiconductors -- 11.2.4 Electrons in the Conduction Band of Metals -- 11.3 Band Structure and Dispersion Relation in Crystals -- 11.4 Non-crystalline Matter -- References -- 12 Linear Absorption -- 12.1 Absorption in Condensed Matter -- 12.2 Interband Excitation -- 12.2.1 Reduced Band Structure Plot. 12.2.2 Dielectrics and Semiconductors -- 12.2.3 Transition Metals -- 12.3 Intraband Excitation -- 12.4 Non-crystalline Matter-Disordered Matter -- 12.5 Excited State Transitions -- 12.5.1 Dielectrics and Semiconductors -- 12.5.2 Recombination and Meta-Stable States -- 12.5.3 Excited Transition Metals -- 12.6 Optical Properties of Metals -- 12.6.1 Non-excited Metals -- 12.6.2 Excited Dielectrics -- References -- 13 Non-linear Absorption -- 13.1 Excitation Pathways -- 13.2 Electron Rate Equation -- 13.3 Non-linear Photo-Excitation -- 13.3.1 Keldysh Parameter for Crystals -- 13.3.2 Tunnel Excitation -- 13.3.3 Multi-photon Excitation -- 13.3.4 Non-linear Photo-Excitation -- 13.3.5 Two-Photon Absorption -- 13.3.6 Three-Photon Absorption -- 13.4 Impact Ionization -- 13.5 Channeling and Filamentation -- 13.5.1 Channeling -- 13.5.2 Filamentation -- References -- 14 Heating -- 14.1 Process Steps of Heating -- 14.2 Two-Temperature Model -- 14.3 Derivation of the Heat Equation -- 14.4 Heating of Metals -- 14.5 Thermophysical Properties of the Electron System -- 14.5.1 Heat Capacity of the Electron System -- 14.5.2 Thermal Conductivity of the Electron System -- 14.5.3 Electron-Phonon Coupling Parameter -- 14.6 Thermodynamic Properties of the Phonon System -- 14.6.1 Heat Capacity of the Phonon System -- 14.6.2 Thermal Conductivity of the Phonon System -- 14.7 Numerical Approach -- 14.8 Examples for Laser-Heated Metals -- 14.8.1 Nanosecond Laser Radiation -- 14.8.2 Femtosecond Laser Radiation -- References -- 15 Phase Transitions -- 15.1 Laser-Induced Phase Changes -- 15.1.1 Slow Heat Transfer -- 15.1.2 Fast Heat Transfer -- 15.2 Heating with Phase Transitions-Modeling -- 15.3 Thermo-physical Equations -- References -- Part V Selected Applications in Metrology -- 16 Reflectometry -- 16.1 Measurement Methods -- 16.2 Pump and Probe Metrology. 16.3 Time-Resolved Reflectometry -- 16.3.1 Principle and Set-Up -- 16.3.2 Examples -- References -- 17 Ellipsometry -- 17.1 Fundamentals on Polarization States -- 17.2 Principles of Ellipsometry -- 17.3 Experimental Approach -- 17.4 Reflection at One Interface -- 17.5 Reflection at Many Interfaces for Thin Layers -- 17.6 Layer- and Dispersion-Models -- 17.7 Imaging Ellipsometry -- 17.7.1 Principle Set-Up -- 17.7.2 Spatial-Resolved Measurement -- 17.8 Space- and Time-Resolved Ellipsometry -- 17.8.1 Principle Set-Up -- 17.8.2 Examples -- References -- 18 Nomarski Microscopy -- 18.1 Principle of Nomarski Microscopy -- 18.2 Time-Resolved Nomarski Microscopy -- 18.3 Examples -- Reference -- 19 White-Light Interferometry -- 19.1 Principle of Mach-Zehnder Interferometry -- 19.2 White-Light Interferometry -- 19.3 Pump-Probe White-Light Interferometry -- 19.4 Super-Continuum Source -- 19.5 Interferogram Analysis -- 19.6 Examples -- 19.7 Conclusion -- Reference -- Appendix Bibliography -- -- Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910631086803321 |
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Horn Alexander
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| Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Soggetto topico
-
Absorption
(13)
- Pharmaceutical technology (3)
- Solubility (3)
- Lasers (2)
- Metrology (2)