Space science in the twenty-first century : imperatives for the decades 1995 to 2015 : report of the study steering group / / Space Science Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources, National Research Council

• Pubblicazione: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1988
• Edizione: 1st ed.
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (149 p.)
• Disciplina: 520
• Soggetto topico: Space sciences; Astronomy; Cosmic physics; Space biology; Planets - Exploration; Relativity (Physics)
• Note generali: Support for this project was provided by Contract NASW-3482 between the National Academy of Sciences and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
• Nota di contenuto: Space Science in the Twenty-First Century: Imperatives for the Decades 1995 To 2015 -- Copyright -- Foreword -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Scientific Objectives -- SOLAR PHYSICS -- PHYSICS OF THE HELIOSPHERE -- MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- UPPER ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL COUPLING -- COMPARATIVE PLANETARY STUDIES -- 3 Status Expected in 1995 -- SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Sources of Plasma -- Sources of Power -- Generation of Plasma Waves and Radio Emissions -- The Terrestrial Magnetosphere as a System -- Solar-Terrestrial Research -- UPPER ATMOSPHERE SCIENCE -- Global Electric Circuit -- PLANETARY SPACE PHYSICS -- Interaction with Unmagnetized, Atmosphereless Bodies -- Deflection by Planetary Magnetospheres -- Plasma-Atmosphere Interactions -- SUMMARY -- 4 New Initiatives: 1995 to 2015 -- SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Local Measurements in the Solar Atmosphere -- High-Latitude Solar Studies -- Outer Coronal Physics -- 1-AU Observing Network -- Additional Solar and Heliospheric Studies -- Interstellar Probe -- Scientific Measurements -- TERRESTRIAL MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Imaging of the Earth's Magnetosphere -- Plasma-Dust Interactions -- Active Experiments: Gas-Plasma Interactions -- Injections of Plasma Waves and Particle Beams -- TERRESTRIAL ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Upper Atmosphere Science -- Space Station Atmospheric Studies -- Global Current Missions -- PLANETARY SCIENCE -- Mars's Aeronomy and Magnetosphere -- Mercury's Magnetosphere -- Jupiter's Ionosphere/Magnetosphere and Tail -- SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT NEEDS -- 5 Summary of Technology Development Needs -- SOLAR AND HELIOSPHERIC -- MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS -- Appendixes -- Appendix A Workshop on Imaging of the Earth's Magnetosphere -- Workshop Participants -- Contents -- A.1 Introduction. ; A.2 Imaging of the Auroral Oval: Present Status and Future Needs -- A.3 Prospects for Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging of Plasma in the Magnetosphere -- Plasmaspheric and Magnetospheric Boundaries -- Locations for Observing Stations -- Lidar -- A.4 Prospects for Neutral Particle Imaging of Planetary Magnetospheres -- Background -- Expected Results -- A.5 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Appendix B Excerpts from the Final Report of the Jupiter Polar Orbiter Workshop -- B.1 Motivation, Goals, and Conclusions and Recommendations -- Major Conclusion -- Major Recommendations -- B.2 Mission Design Options: Orbits, Lifetimes, and Science Capabilities -- B.3 Science Issues -- Introduction -- Io and Europa -- Io's Aeronomy -- Io-Torus Coupling -- High-Energy Particles -- Sources -- Acceleration -- Precipitation, Aurora, and the Stably Trapped Limit -- Satellite Sweeping Signatures -- Io and Its Torus -- Inner Zone -- Radio Astronomy -- Rings -- Jovian Aeronomy -- Jovian Atmosphere -- Jupiter's Interior-Magnetic Field -- Jovian Interior: Gravitational Field -- B.4 Conclusions and Recommendations -- Scientific Justification -- Mission Design Feasibility -- Major Measurement Objectives (Moving from Outermost to Innermost) -- Instrument Requirements -- Recommendations -- Appendix: List of Participants -- Workshop Organizers -- Workshop Sponsors -- JPO Workshop Participants and Post-Workshop Contributors -- Appendix C Excerpts from the Draft Report of the Workshop on Plasma Physics Research on the Space Station -- Plasma Processes Laboratory -- Appendix D Probing Fundamental Astrophysical Scales with High-Resolution Observations of the Sun: Prospects for the… -- Introduction -- The Role of Small-Scale Processes in the Solar Atmosphere -- Examples on the Sun of Small-Scale Processes of Astrophysical Importance. ; Atmospheric Dynamics and Magnetic Fields on Small Spatial Scales -- Fine Structure and Dynamics of Flares -- Plasma Heating and Microflares -- Observational Considerations -- High-Resolution Imaging in the EUV -- Detectors -- Multilayer Coatings for Normal Incidence Optics -- High-Resolution Imaging -- Spectroscopy and Spectroscopic Imaging -- Glancing Incidence Optics -- Primary Figure Correction and Control -- Resolution Enhancement Techniques -- Aperture Synthesis (AS) -- Speckle Imaging -- Deconvolution -- Interferometry -- Pointing Systems -- Siting -- Near-Sun Orbit -- Heliosynchronous Orbit -- Lunar Basing -- Solar Orbit at 1 AU -- Earth Orbit-Free Flyer -- Manned Vehicles-Space Shuttle -- Space Station -- Prospects and Limitations of Ground-Based observations -- Radio Interferometry -- High-Angular-Resolution Optical Imaging from the Ground -- Long-Baseline Optical Interferometry -- Summary and Conclusions -- Appendix: List of Participants.
• Sommario/riassunto: From the interior of the Sun, to the upper atmosphere and near-space environment of Earth, and outward to a region far beyond Pluto where the Sun's influence wanes, advances during the past decade in space physics and solar physics--the disciplines NASA refers to as heliophysics--have yielded spectacular insights into the phenomena that affect our home in space. Solar and Space Physics , from the National Research Council's (NRC's) Committee for a Decadal Strategy in Solar and Space Physics, is the second NRC decadal survey in heliophysics. Building on the research accomplishments realized during the past decade, the report presents a program of basic and applied research for the period 2013-2022 that will improve scientific understanding of the mechanisms that drive the Sun's activity and the fundamental physical processes underlying near-Earth plasma dynamics, determine the physical interactions of Earth's atmospheric layers in the context of the connected Sun-Earth system, and enhance greatly the capability to provide realistic and specific forecasts of Earth's space environment that will better serve the needs of society. Although the recommended program is directed primarily at NASA and the National Science Foundation for action, the report also recommends actions by other federal agencies, especially the parts of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration charged with the day-to-day (operational) forecast of space weather. In addition to the recommendations included in this summary, related recommendations are presented in this report.
• Altri titoli varianti: Solar and space physics
• Titolo autorizzato: Space science in the twenty-first century
• ISBN: 1-280-21485-6; 9786610214853; 0-309-59474-X; 0-585-08584-6
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Record Nr.: 9910953850503321
• Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II