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Crisis and escalation in cyberspace / / Martin C. Libicki
| Crisis and escalation in cyberspace / / Martin C. Libicki |
| Autore | Libicki Martin C |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Santa Monica, CA : , : RAND, Project Air Force, , 2012 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (279 p.) |
| Disciplina | 358.4/141 |
| Soggetto topico |
Information warfare - United States
Escalation (Military science) Cyberspace - Security measures Crisis management - Government policy - United States Cyberterrorism - Prevention Conflict management |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
0-8330-7679-5
0-8330-7680-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Avoiding crises by creating norms -- Narratives, dialogues, and signaling -- Escalation management -- Strategic stability -- Conclusions and recommendations for the Air Force -- Introduction -- Some hypothetical crises -- Mutual mistrust is likely to characterize a cyber crisis -- States may have room for maneuver in a cyber crisis -- A note on methodology -- Purpose and organization -- Avoiding crises by creating norms -- What kind of norms might be useful? -- Enforce laws against hacking -- Disassociate from freelance hackers -- Discourage commercial espionage -- Be careful about the obligation to suppress cyber traffic -- How do we enforce norms? -- Confidence-building measures -- Norms for victims of cyberattacks -- Norms for war? -- Deception -- Military necessity and collateral damage -- Proportionality -- Reversibility -- Conclusions -- Narratives, dialogue, and signals -- Narratives to promote control -- A narrative framework for cyberspace -- Victimization, attribution, retaliation, and aggression -- Victimization -- Attribution -- Retaliation -- Aggression -- Emollients: narratives to walk back a crisis -- We did nothing -- Well, at least not on our orders -- It was an accident -- This is nothing new -- At least it does not portend anything -- Broader considerations -- Signals -- Ambiguity in signaling -- Signaling resolve -- Signaling that cyber combat is not kinetic combat -- Conclusions -- Escalation management -- Motives for escalation -- Does escalation matter? -- Escalation risks -- Escalation risks in phase -- Escalation risks for contained local conflicts -- Escalation risks for uncontained conflicts -- Managing proxy cyberattacks -- What hidden combatants imply for horizontal escalation -- Managing overt proxy conflict -- The difficulties of tit-for-tat management -- The importance of pre-planning -- Disjunctions among effort, effect, and perception -- Inadvertent escalation -- Escalation into kinetic warfare -- Escalation into economic warfare -- Sub rosa escalation -- Managing the third-party problem -- The need for a clean shot -- Inference and narrative -- Command and control -- Commanders -- Those they command -- Conclusions -- Implications for strategic stability -- Translating sources of cold war instability to cyberspace -- What influence can cyberwar have if nuclear weapons exist? -- Can cyberwar disarm another state's nuclear capabilities? -- Can cyberwar disarm another states cyberwarriors? -- Does cyberwar lend itself to alert-reaction cycles? -- Are cyberdefenses inherently destabilizing? -- Would a cyberspace arms races be destabilizing? -- Misperception as a source of crisis -- Side takes great exception to cyberespionage -- Defenses are misinterpreted as preparations for war -- Too much confidence in attribution -- Too much confidence in or fear of pre-emption -- Supposedly risk-free cyberattacks -- Neutrality -- Conclusions -- Can cyber crises be managed? -- A. Distributed denial-of-service attacks -- B. Overt, obvious, and covert cyberattacks and responses -- Can good cyberdefenses discourage attacks? -- Bibliography -- Figures -- Figure 1: Alternative postures for a master cyber narrative -- Figure 2: Sources of imprecision in tit for tat -- Figure 3: An inadvertent path to mutual escalation -- Figure A-1: Configuring networks to limit the damage of DDoS attacks -- Table -- Overt, obvious, and covert cyberattacks and responses. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910219977703321 |
Libicki Martin C
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| Santa Monica, CA : , : RAND, Project Air Force, , 2012 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Going global? [[electronic resource] ] : U.S. government policy and the defense aerospace industry / / Mark A. Lorell ... [et al.]
| Going global? [[electronic resource] ] : U.S. government policy and the defense aerospace industry / / Mark A. Lorell ... [et al.] |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Santa Monica, Calif., : RAND, Project Air Force, 2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (253 p.) |
| Disciplina | 338.4/76291 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | LorellMark A. <1947-> |
| Soggetto topico |
Aerospace industries
International division of labor International trade |
| ISBN | 0-8330-3393-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
PREFACE; CONTENTS; FIGURES; TABLES; SUMMARY; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; ACRONYMS; Chapter One INTRODUCTION; OVERVIEW; RESEARCH GOALS AND ORGANIZATION OF THIS REPORT; Chapter Two THE U.S. DEFENSE AEROSPACE INDUSTRY: HOW GLOBALIZED IS IT?; INTRODUCTION; DEFENSE AEROSPACE GLOBALIZATION: DATA SOURCES AND TERMINOLOGY; U.S. TRADE IN AEROSPACE AND ARMS: STATISTICAL EVIDENCE; INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT INVOLVING U.S. FIRMS: STATISTICAL EVIDENCE; SUMMARY OF STATISTICAL EVIDENCE; DEFENSE AEROSPACE GLOBALIZATION: HISTORICAL TRENDS; CONCLUSION
Chapter Three THE GLOBALIZING AEROSPACE INDUSTRY: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGESINTRODUCTION; ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS OF DEFENSE AEROSPACE GLOBALIZATION; POLITICAL-MILITARY DIMENSIONS OF DEFENSE AEROSPACE GLOBALIZATION; NATIONAL SECURITY DIMENSIONS OF DEFENSE AEROSPACE GLOBALIZATION; CONCLUSION; Chapter Four THE LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND POLICY FRAMEWORK FOR AEROSPACE INDUSTRY GLOBALIZATION; INTRODUCTION; EQUIPPING AIR FORCE WARFIGHTERS WITH SUPERIOR, AFFORDABLE WEAPON SYSTEMS; PREPARING FOR COALITION WARFARE; PROTECTING THE NATIONAL SECURITY; NATIONAL SECURITY POLICIES: A LOOK AHEAD Chapter Five THE NEW CROSS-BORDER BUSINESS RELATIONSHIPS: CASE STUDY FINDINGS AND PROPOSED FUTURE RESEARCHINTRODUCTION; MARKETING AGREEMENTS; TEAMING FOR CROSS-BORDER COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW SYSTEMS; JOINT VENTURES; PARENT/SUBSIDIARY; U.S. FIRMS AND FOREIGN SUBSIDIARIES; SUMMARY OVERVIEW AND FUTURE RESEARCH; Chapter Six CONCLUSIONS AND PROPOSED FUTURE RESEARCH; THE RESPONSE OF U.S. INDUSTRY TO GLOBALIZATION; IMPLICATIONS OF EUROPEAN CONSOLIDATION AND INCREASED AEROSPACE GLOBALIZATION; DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH; Appendix A AIR FORCE GUIDANCE: A STATUTORY AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK Appendix B SEVENTEEN AGREED PROPOSALS OF THE DEFENSE TRADE SECURITY INITIATIVEREFERENCES |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910219964603321 |
| Santa Monica, Calif., : RAND, Project Air Force, 2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Mastering the ultimate high ground : next steps in the military uses of space / / Benjamin S. Lambeth
| Mastering the ultimate high ground : next steps in the military uses of space / / Benjamin S. Lambeth |
| Autore | Lambeth Benjamin S |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Santa Monica, CA, : RAND, Project Air Force, 2003 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (213 p.) |
| Disciplina | 358/.8/0973 |
| Soggetto topico | Astronautics, Military - United States |
| ISBN | 0-8330-3412-X |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Cover; PREFACE; CONTENTS; SUMMARY; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; ACRONYMS; Chapter One; Chapter Two; Chapter Three; Chapter Four; Chapter Five; Chapter Six; Appendix; BIBLIOGRAPHY |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910220136503321 |
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Lambeth Benjamin S
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| Santa Monica, CA, : RAND, Project Air Force, 2003 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Strategic appraisal : United States air and space power in the 21st century / / editors, Zalmay Khalilzad, Jeremy Shapiro
| Strategic appraisal : United States air and space power in the 21st century / / editors, Zalmay Khalilzad, Jeremy Shapiro |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Santa Monica, CA, : RAND, Project Air Force, c2002 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xxviii, 481 pages) : illustrations, maps |
| Disciplina | 358.400973 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
KhalilzadZalmay
ShapiroJeremy |
| Soggetto topico |
Air power - United States
Astronautics, Military - United States World politics - 21st century |
| ISBN | 0-8330-3246-1 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
PREFACE; FIGURES; TABLES; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; ABBREVIATIONS; Chapter One INTRODUCTION: THE PRICE OF SUCCESS; WHAT HAS STAYED THE SAME; WHAT HAS CHANGED; EMERGING CHALLENGES; EMERGING OPPORTUNITIES; GETTING PAST SUCCESS; Part I THE GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT FOR AEROSPACE POWER; Chapter Two FORCES FOR WHAT? GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT AND AIR FORCE CAPABILITIES; THE GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT; U.S. REQUIREMENTS FOR MILITARY FORCES; THE MATURATION OF U.S. AEROSPACE POWER: CAPABILITIES OF TODAY'S FORCES; CHALLENGES FOR THE USAF; CONCLUSION: CREATING OPTIONS; REFERENCES
Chapter Three THE FUTURE OF U.S. COERCIVE AIRPOWERTHE AMERICAN WAY OF COERCION; ADVERSARY COUNTERCOERCIVE STRATEGIES: A TAXONOMY; THE FUTURE OF U.S. COERCIVE AIRPOWER; REFERENCES; Part II WHERE DOES THE USAF NEED TO GO?; Chapter Four MODERNIZING THE COMBAT FORCES: NEAR-TERM OPTIONS; MISSIONS; CONDITIONS AND CONSTRAINTS; ROLES OF AIR AND SPACE FORCES; MODERNIZATION-KEY CONSIDERATIONS; FORCE MIX ALTERNATIVES; APPROACH; FORCE MIX RECOMMENDATIONS; COST SENSITIVITIES; SSCs AND ONGOING DEPLOYMENTS; SUMMARY; REFERENCES; Chapter Five SPACE CHALLENGES; CURRENT SPACE ACTIVITIES; MOTIVATIONS FOR CHANGE FUTURE CHOICESWAYS AHEAD; REFERENCES; Chapter Six U.S. MILITARY OPPORTUNITIES: INFORMATION-WARFARE CONCEPTS OF OPERATION; INTRODUCTION; EMERGING ASYMMETRIC STRATEGIES; DEVELOPING OPERATIONAL CONCEPTS FOR FUTURE OFFENSIVE INFORMATION WARFARE; COMPARING THE FOUR CONOPS; REFERENCES; WHY A REEVALUATION OF U.S. NUCLEAR POLICY IS NEEDED, AND WHY PEOPLE SHOULD CARE; THE HISTORICAL CONTEXT: THE LEGACY, LESSONS, AND CONSTRAINTS; WHY NUKES?; AND WHY NOT; WHERE NUCLEAR WEAPONS MIGHT FIT; A SPECTRUM OF NUCLEAR OPTIONS; ISSUES AFFECTING U.S. CHOICES OF A FUTURE NUCLEAR STRATEGY SO, WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?BIBLIOGRAPHY; Chapter Eight COUNTERING WEAPONS OF MASS DESTRUCTION AND BALLISTIC MISSILES; WMD CHARACTERISTICS AND SCENARIOS; RESPONDING TO THE WMD THREAT: POTENTIAL AIR FORCE INITIATIVES; POTENTIAL AIR FORCE TMD INITIATIVES; POTENTIAL AIR FORCE NMD INITIATIVES; SUMMARY; BIBLIOGRAPHY; Part III SUPPORTING FUTURE FORCES; Chapter Nine PROVIDING ADEQUATE ACCESS FOR EXPEDITIONARY AEROSPACE FORCES; OVERTURE1; ACCESS YESTERDAY, TODAY, AND TOMORROW; ACCESS OPTIONS: FROM "PURE" STRATEGIES TO A PORTFOLIO; BUILDING THE PORTFOLIO: EIGHT RECOMMENDATIONS; CONCLUDING REMARKS REFERENCESChapter Ten A VISION FOR AN EVOLVING AGILE COMBAT SUPPORT SYSTEM; ACS DECISIONS AND THEIR "TRADE SPACE"; AN ANALYTIC FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ACS PLANNING; KEY FINDINGS FROM ACS MODELING RESEARCH; OVERVIEW OF A GLOBAL ACS SYSTEM; STRATEGIC AND LONG-TERM PLANNING FOR THE ACS SYSTEM; REFERENCES; Chapter Eleven STRATEGIC SOURCING IN THE AIR FORCE; STRATEGIC SOURCING AND SUPPLY-CHAIN ALIGNMENT; WHY IS THE AIR FORCE INTERESTED IN OUTSOURCING?; POLICY ALTERNATIVES RELEVANT TO AN AIR FORCE STRATEGIC SOURCING PROGRAM PURSUING STRATEGIC SOURCING AND SUPPLY-CHAIN ALIGNMENT IN COMPETITIVE SOURCING |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910220107803321 |
| Santa Monica, CA, : RAND, Project Air Force, c2002 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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