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Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton
Autore Britton Laurence G. <1951->
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (304 p.)
Disciplina 660.2804
660/.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Electrostatics
Chemical plants - Safety measures
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-282-78331-9
9786612783319
0-470-93540-5
1-59124-591-5
0-470-93539-1
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Avoiding Static Ignition Hazards in Chemical Operations: A CCPS Concept Book; CONTENTS; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1-1. Purpose; 1-2. Exclusions; 1-3. Units; 1-4. Organization of the Book; 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 2-1. What Is Static Electricity?; 2-1.1. Charge Separation; 2-1.2. Magnitude of Current and Potential; 2-1.3. Concentration of Charged Species; 2-1.4. Importance of Trace Contaminants; 2-1.5. Hazard Evaluation; 2-1.6. Statistics; 2-2. Charge Generation; 2-2.1. Induction Charging; 2-2.2. Ionic Charging; 2-3. Charge Dissipation
2-3.1. Variability of Conductivity2-4. Charge Accumulation; 2-5. Ignition; 2-5.1. Effective Energy; 2-6. Static Discharges; 2-6.1. Corona Discharge; 2-6.2. Brush Discharge; 2-6.3. Bulking Brush Discharge; 2-6.4. Spark Discharge; 2-6.5. Propagating Brush Discharge (PBD); 2-6.6. Surface Streamer; 2-7. Personnel Spark and Shock Hazards; 2-7.1. Body Capacitance and Resistance; 2-7.2. Voltage (V) and Energy (W) Attained; 2-7.3. Human Shock Response; 3 EVALUATING THE HAZARD OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 3-1. General; 3-2. Hazard Identification Methods; 3-2.1. Decision Trees; 3-3. Charge Accumulation
3-3.1. Conductive Objects3-3.2. Nonconductive Objects; 3-4. Energy Estimates; 3-4.1. Charge Sharing; 3-5. Instrumentation; 3-5.1. Charge; 3-5.2. Electric Field; 3-5.3. Potential; 3-5.4. Ignition Energy; 3-5.5. Conductivity of Liquids; 3-5.6. Resistivity of Solids; 3-5.7. Resistance; 3-6. Direct Observation of Discharges; 3-7. Radio Frequency Detection of Discharges; 3-8. Measuring the Effective Energy of Nonspark Discharges; 3-8.1. Gas Composition; 4 CONTROLLING ELECTROSTATIC HAZARDS; 4-1. Bonding and Grounding; 4-1.1. Definitions; 4-1.2. Purpose of Bonding and Grounding
4-1.3. Resistance to Ground4-1.4. Bonding and Grounding Systems; 4-1.5. Ground Rods; 4-1.6. Grounding and Cathodic Protection; 4-2. Control of Charge Relaxation; 4-2.1. Increase of Conductivity; 4-2.2. Charge Neutralizers; 4-3. Control of Personnel Charging; 4-3.1. Personnel Grounding; 4-3.2. Clothing; 4-3.3. Gloves; 4-4. Control of Flammable Atmospheres; 4-4.1. Liquid Nitrogen/Liquid Air Hazards; 5 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, VAPORS, AND GASES; 5-1. Ignition Hazards of Liquid Vapor and Mist; 5-1.1. Flammable Liquid; 5-1.2. Flammable Limits; 5-1.3. Liquid Mist; 5-1.4. Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE)
5-1.5. Explosion Prevention Systems5-2. Generation and Relaxation (Loss) of Charge in Liquid Systems; 5-2.1. Charge Generation; 5-2.2. Charge Density; 5-2.3. Factors Influencing Charge Generation; 5-2.4. Charge Relaxation; 5-2.5. Classification of Liquids based on Conductivity; 5-2.6. Antistatic Additives; 5-2.7. Bonding and Grounding; 5-3. Flow in Pipe, Hose, and Tubing; 5-3.1. Metallic Piping Systems; 5-3.2. Nonconductive Pipe and Linings; 5-3.3. Flexible Hoses; 5-3.4. Dip Pipes; 5-3.5. Filters and Relaxation Tanks; 5-3.6. Suspended Material; 5-3.7. Valves and Other Line Restrictions
5-4. Filling Criteria for Tank Operations
Record Nr. UNINA-9910143239203321
Britton Laurence G. <1951->  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton
Autore Britton Laurence G. <1951->
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (304 p.)
Disciplina 660.2804
660/.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Electrostatics
Chemical plants - Safety measures
ISBN 1-282-78331-9
9786612783319
0-470-93540-5
1-59124-591-5
0-470-93539-1
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Avoiding Static Ignition Hazards in Chemical Operations: A CCPS Concept Book; CONTENTS; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1-1. Purpose; 1-2. Exclusions; 1-3. Units; 1-4. Organization of the Book; 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 2-1. What Is Static Electricity?; 2-1.1. Charge Separation; 2-1.2. Magnitude of Current and Potential; 2-1.3. Concentration of Charged Species; 2-1.4. Importance of Trace Contaminants; 2-1.5. Hazard Evaluation; 2-1.6. Statistics; 2-2. Charge Generation; 2-2.1. Induction Charging; 2-2.2. Ionic Charging; 2-3. Charge Dissipation
2-3.1. Variability of Conductivity2-4. Charge Accumulation; 2-5. Ignition; 2-5.1. Effective Energy; 2-6. Static Discharges; 2-6.1. Corona Discharge; 2-6.2. Brush Discharge; 2-6.3. Bulking Brush Discharge; 2-6.4. Spark Discharge; 2-6.5. Propagating Brush Discharge (PBD); 2-6.6. Surface Streamer; 2-7. Personnel Spark and Shock Hazards; 2-7.1. Body Capacitance and Resistance; 2-7.2. Voltage (V) and Energy (W) Attained; 2-7.3. Human Shock Response; 3 EVALUATING THE HAZARD OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 3-1. General; 3-2. Hazard Identification Methods; 3-2.1. Decision Trees; 3-3. Charge Accumulation
3-3.1. Conductive Objects3-3.2. Nonconductive Objects; 3-4. Energy Estimates; 3-4.1. Charge Sharing; 3-5. Instrumentation; 3-5.1. Charge; 3-5.2. Electric Field; 3-5.3. Potential; 3-5.4. Ignition Energy; 3-5.5. Conductivity of Liquids; 3-5.6. Resistivity of Solids; 3-5.7. Resistance; 3-6. Direct Observation of Discharges; 3-7. Radio Frequency Detection of Discharges; 3-8. Measuring the Effective Energy of Nonspark Discharges; 3-8.1. Gas Composition; 4 CONTROLLING ELECTROSTATIC HAZARDS; 4-1. Bonding and Grounding; 4-1.1. Definitions; 4-1.2. Purpose of Bonding and Grounding
4-1.3. Resistance to Ground4-1.4. Bonding and Grounding Systems; 4-1.5. Ground Rods; 4-1.6. Grounding and Cathodic Protection; 4-2. Control of Charge Relaxation; 4-2.1. Increase of Conductivity; 4-2.2. Charge Neutralizers; 4-3. Control of Personnel Charging; 4-3.1. Personnel Grounding; 4-3.2. Clothing; 4-3.3. Gloves; 4-4. Control of Flammable Atmospheres; 4-4.1. Liquid Nitrogen/Liquid Air Hazards; 5 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, VAPORS, AND GASES; 5-1. Ignition Hazards of Liquid Vapor and Mist; 5-1.1. Flammable Liquid; 5-1.2. Flammable Limits; 5-1.3. Liquid Mist; 5-1.4. Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE)
5-1.5. Explosion Prevention Systems5-2. Generation and Relaxation (Loss) of Charge in Liquid Systems; 5-2.1. Charge Generation; 5-2.2. Charge Density; 5-2.3. Factors Influencing Charge Generation; 5-2.4. Charge Relaxation; 5-2.5. Classification of Liquids based on Conductivity; 5-2.6. Antistatic Additives; 5-2.7. Bonding and Grounding; 5-3. Flow in Pipe, Hose, and Tubing; 5-3.1. Metallic Piping Systems; 5-3.2. Nonconductive Pipe and Linings; 5-3.3. Flexible Hoses; 5-3.4. Dip Pipes; 5-3.5. Filters and Relaxation Tanks; 5-3.6. Suspended Material; 5-3.7. Valves and Other Line Restrictions
5-4. Filling Criteria for Tank Operations
Record Nr. UNISA-996212664103316
Britton Laurence G. <1951->  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations [[electronic resource] /] / Laurence G. Britton
Autore Britton Laurence G. <1951->
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (304 p.)
Disciplina 660.2804
660/.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Electrostatics
Chemical plants - Safety measures
ISBN 1-282-78331-9
9786612783319
0-470-93540-5
1-59124-591-5
0-470-93539-1
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Avoiding Static Ignition Hazards in Chemical Operations: A CCPS Concept Book; CONTENTS; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1-1. Purpose; 1-2. Exclusions; 1-3. Units; 1-4. Organization of the Book; 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 2-1. What Is Static Electricity?; 2-1.1. Charge Separation; 2-1.2. Magnitude of Current and Potential; 2-1.3. Concentration of Charged Species; 2-1.4. Importance of Trace Contaminants; 2-1.5. Hazard Evaluation; 2-1.6. Statistics; 2-2. Charge Generation; 2-2.1. Induction Charging; 2-2.2. Ionic Charging; 2-3. Charge Dissipation
2-3.1. Variability of Conductivity2-4. Charge Accumulation; 2-5. Ignition; 2-5.1. Effective Energy; 2-6. Static Discharges; 2-6.1. Corona Discharge; 2-6.2. Brush Discharge; 2-6.3. Bulking Brush Discharge; 2-6.4. Spark Discharge; 2-6.5. Propagating Brush Discharge (PBD); 2-6.6. Surface Streamer; 2-7. Personnel Spark and Shock Hazards; 2-7.1. Body Capacitance and Resistance; 2-7.2. Voltage (V) and Energy (W) Attained; 2-7.3. Human Shock Response; 3 EVALUATING THE HAZARD OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 3-1. General; 3-2. Hazard Identification Methods; 3-2.1. Decision Trees; 3-3. Charge Accumulation
3-3.1. Conductive Objects3-3.2. Nonconductive Objects; 3-4. Energy Estimates; 3-4.1. Charge Sharing; 3-5. Instrumentation; 3-5.1. Charge; 3-5.2. Electric Field; 3-5.3. Potential; 3-5.4. Ignition Energy; 3-5.5. Conductivity of Liquids; 3-5.6. Resistivity of Solids; 3-5.7. Resistance; 3-6. Direct Observation of Discharges; 3-7. Radio Frequency Detection of Discharges; 3-8. Measuring the Effective Energy of Nonspark Discharges; 3-8.1. Gas Composition; 4 CONTROLLING ELECTROSTATIC HAZARDS; 4-1. Bonding and Grounding; 4-1.1. Definitions; 4-1.2. Purpose of Bonding and Grounding
4-1.3. Resistance to Ground4-1.4. Bonding and Grounding Systems; 4-1.5. Ground Rods; 4-1.6. Grounding and Cathodic Protection; 4-2. Control of Charge Relaxation; 4-2.1. Increase of Conductivity; 4-2.2. Charge Neutralizers; 4-3. Control of Personnel Charging; 4-3.1. Personnel Grounding; 4-3.2. Clothing; 4-3.3. Gloves; 4-4. Control of Flammable Atmospheres; 4-4.1. Liquid Nitrogen/Liquid Air Hazards; 5 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, VAPORS, AND GASES; 5-1. Ignition Hazards of Liquid Vapor and Mist; 5-1.1. Flammable Liquid; 5-1.2. Flammable Limits; 5-1.3. Liquid Mist; 5-1.4. Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE)
5-1.5. Explosion Prevention Systems5-2. Generation and Relaxation (Loss) of Charge in Liquid Systems; 5-2.1. Charge Generation; 5-2.2. Charge Density; 5-2.3. Factors Influencing Charge Generation; 5-2.4. Charge Relaxation; 5-2.5. Classification of Liquids based on Conductivity; 5-2.6. Antistatic Additives; 5-2.7. Bonding and Grounding; 5-3. Flow in Pipe, Hose, and Tubing; 5-3.1. Metallic Piping Systems; 5-3.2. Nonconductive Pipe and Linings; 5-3.3. Flexible Hoses; 5-3.4. Dip Pipes; 5-3.5. Filters and Relaxation Tanks; 5-3.6. Suspended Material; 5-3.7. Valves and Other Line Restrictions
5-4. Filling Criteria for Tank Operations
Record Nr. UNINA-9910829934703321
Britton Laurence G. <1951->  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations / / Laurence G. Britton
Avoiding static ignition hazards in chemical operations / / Laurence G. Britton
Autore Britton Laurence G. <1951->
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (304 p.)
Disciplina 660/.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Electrostatics
Chemical plants - Safety measures
ISBN 9786612783319
9781282783317
1282783319
9780470935408
0470935405
9781591245919
1591245915
9780470935392
0470935391
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Avoiding Static Ignition Hazards in Chemical Operations: A CCPS Concept Book; CONTENTS; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1-1. Purpose; 1-2. Exclusions; 1-3. Units; 1-4. Organization of the Book; 2 FUNDAMENTALS OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 2-1. What Is Static Electricity?; 2-1.1. Charge Separation; 2-1.2. Magnitude of Current and Potential; 2-1.3. Concentration of Charged Species; 2-1.4. Importance of Trace Contaminants; 2-1.5. Hazard Evaluation; 2-1.6. Statistics; 2-2. Charge Generation; 2-2.1. Induction Charging; 2-2.2. Ionic Charging; 2-3. Charge Dissipation
2-3.1. Variability of Conductivity2-4. Charge Accumulation; 2-5. Ignition; 2-5.1. Effective Energy; 2-6. Static Discharges; 2-6.1. Corona Discharge; 2-6.2. Brush Discharge; 2-6.3. Bulking Brush Discharge; 2-6.4. Spark Discharge; 2-6.5. Propagating Brush Discharge (PBD); 2-6.6. Surface Streamer; 2-7. Personnel Spark and Shock Hazards; 2-7.1. Body Capacitance and Resistance; 2-7.2. Voltage (V) and Energy (W) Attained; 2-7.3. Human Shock Response; 3 EVALUATING THE HAZARD OF STATIC ELECTRICITY; 3-1. General; 3-2. Hazard Identification Methods; 3-2.1. Decision Trees; 3-3. Charge Accumulation
3-3.1. Conductive Objects3-3.2. Nonconductive Objects; 3-4. Energy Estimates; 3-4.1. Charge Sharing; 3-5. Instrumentation; 3-5.1. Charge; 3-5.2. Electric Field; 3-5.3. Potential; 3-5.4. Ignition Energy; 3-5.5. Conductivity of Liquids; 3-5.6. Resistivity of Solids; 3-5.7. Resistance; 3-6. Direct Observation of Discharges; 3-7. Radio Frequency Detection of Discharges; 3-8. Measuring the Effective Energy of Nonspark Discharges; 3-8.1. Gas Composition; 4 CONTROLLING ELECTROSTATIC HAZARDS; 4-1. Bonding and Grounding; 4-1.1. Definitions; 4-1.2. Purpose of Bonding and Grounding
4-1.3. Resistance to Ground4-1.4. Bonding and Grounding Systems; 4-1.5. Ground Rods; 4-1.6. Grounding and Cathodic Protection; 4-2. Control of Charge Relaxation; 4-2.1. Increase of Conductivity; 4-2.2. Charge Neutralizers; 4-3. Control of Personnel Charging; 4-3.1. Personnel Grounding; 4-3.2. Clothing; 4-3.3. Gloves; 4-4. Control of Flammable Atmospheres; 4-4.1. Liquid Nitrogen/Liquid Air Hazards; 5 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS, VAPORS, AND GASES; 5-1. Ignition Hazards of Liquid Vapor and Mist; 5-1.1. Flammable Liquid; 5-1.2. Flammable Limits; 5-1.3. Liquid Mist; 5-1.4. Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE)
5-1.5. Explosion Prevention Systems5-2. Generation and Relaxation (Loss) of Charge in Liquid Systems; 5-2.1. Charge Generation; 5-2.2. Charge Density; 5-2.3. Factors Influencing Charge Generation; 5-2.4. Charge Relaxation; 5-2.5. Classification of Liquids based on Conductivity; 5-2.6. Antistatic Additives; 5-2.7. Bonding and Grounding; 5-3. Flow in Pipe, Hose, and Tubing; 5-3.1. Metallic Piping Systems; 5-3.2. Nonconductive Pipe and Linings; 5-3.3. Flexible Hoses; 5-3.4. Dip Pipes; 5-3.5. Filters and Relaxation Tanks; 5-3.6. Suspended Material; 5-3.7. Valves and Other Line Restrictions
5-4. Filling Criteria for Tank Operations
Record Nr. UNINA-9910877284603321
Britton Laurence G. <1951->  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1999
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Concentration fluctuations and averaging time in vapor clouds [[electronic resource] /] / David J. Wilson
Concentration fluctuations and averaging time in vapor clouds [[electronic resource] /] / David J. Wilson
Autore Wilson David J
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (201 p.)
Disciplina 533
660
Soggetto topico Vapors - Mathematical models
Fluctuations (Physics) - Mathematical models
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Atmospheric turbulence - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Risk assessment
Industrial safety
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-282-81726-4
9786612817267
0-470-93797-1
1-60119-004-2
0-470-93796-3
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Concentration Fluctuations and Averaging Time in Vapor Clouds; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Sampling and Averaging Time Definitions; Calculating Mass-Weighted Sampling Time; Effective Sampling Time ts,a for Block Time Averages; 3. Effect of Averaging Time on Mean Calculations; Ensemble Averaging and Zero Sample Time Meandering; Field Data for Sampling and Averaging Time Effects; Plume Spread Sampling Time Effects Deduced from Velocity Fluctuation Statistics; Measurement of Crosswind-Velocity Sampling Time Exponent pv
Averaging Time Effects on Plume Spread σyRandom Force Model for Sampling Time Effects on Crosswind Spread; Comparing the Random Force Model to CONDORS Data; Comparing the Random Force Model with σy ~ ts0.2; 4. Concentration Fluctuation Modeling; Overview; Types of Concentration Fluctuation Models; Conditional Statistics for Fluctuation Calculations; Wind Tunnel Simulation versus Field Testing for Model Validation; 5. Probability Distributions; Exponential Probability Distribution; Clipped-Normal Probability Distribution; Log-Normal Probability Distribution; Gamma Probability Distribution
Recommended Probability Distribution and Conditional Intensity Functions6. Release Height and Source Size Effects on Fluctuation Intensity; Internal Fluctuations in Jets and Plumes with No Meandering; Fluctuation Intensity in Meandering Plumes from Ground Level Releases; Meandering Plume Models for Source Size Effects on Elevated Releases; Comparison with Chatwin and Sullivan's Similarity Model; Release Momentum Effects on Source Size; Fluctuations Near the Ground: Dissipation by Wind Shear; Terrain Roughness, Atmospheric Stability, and Compatibility with Existing Hazard Assessment Models
7. Source Density Effects on FluctuationsDense Plumes; Buoyant Plumes; 8. Buildings and Obstacles; Modeling Concentration Fluctuations in Building Wakes; 9. Threshold Crossing and Peak Levels; Time Sequence versus Ensemble Repeat Averages; 10. Framework for an Operational Model; Adjusting Mean Concentration for Averaging Time; Concentration Fluctuation Statistics; Concentration Fluctuation Intensity; Fraction of Time Threshold Concentration Is Exceeded; Once-per-Event Peak Concentration; Summary
Appendix A Averaging and Sampling Time Effects on Plume Spread Velocity and Concentration FluctuationsInertialess Fluctuation Spectrum; Concentration Fluctuations; Power Law Exponent qc for Averaging Time; Effect of Averaging Time on Concentration Variance; Effect of Sampling Time on Concentration Variance; Power Law Exponent pc for Increased Sampling Time; Velocity Fluctuations; Sampling Time Effects on Crosswind Velocity Variance; Sampling Time Effects for the Transverse Isotropic Spectrum; Averaging Time Effects for Finite Sampling Time; Gifford's Random Force Model for σy
Wilson's Power Law Approximation to Gifford's Random Force Model
Record Nr. UNINA-9910142396103321
Wilson David J  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Concentration fluctuations and averaging time in vapor clouds [[electronic resource] /] / David J. Wilson
Concentration fluctuations and averaging time in vapor clouds [[electronic resource] /] / David J. Wilson
Autore Wilson David J
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (201 p.)
Disciplina 533
660
Soggetto topico Vapors - Mathematical models
Fluctuations (Physics) - Mathematical models
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Atmospheric turbulence - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Risk assessment
Industrial safety
ISBN 1-282-81726-4
9786612817267
0-470-93797-1
1-60119-004-2
0-470-93796-3
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Concentration Fluctuations and Averaging Time in Vapor Clouds; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Sampling and Averaging Time Definitions; Calculating Mass-Weighted Sampling Time; Effective Sampling Time ts,a for Block Time Averages; 3. Effect of Averaging Time on Mean Calculations; Ensemble Averaging and Zero Sample Time Meandering; Field Data for Sampling and Averaging Time Effects; Plume Spread Sampling Time Effects Deduced from Velocity Fluctuation Statistics; Measurement of Crosswind-Velocity Sampling Time Exponent pv
Averaging Time Effects on Plume Spread σyRandom Force Model for Sampling Time Effects on Crosswind Spread; Comparing the Random Force Model to CONDORS Data; Comparing the Random Force Model with σy ~ ts0.2; 4. Concentration Fluctuation Modeling; Overview; Types of Concentration Fluctuation Models; Conditional Statistics for Fluctuation Calculations; Wind Tunnel Simulation versus Field Testing for Model Validation; 5. Probability Distributions; Exponential Probability Distribution; Clipped-Normal Probability Distribution; Log-Normal Probability Distribution; Gamma Probability Distribution
Recommended Probability Distribution and Conditional Intensity Functions6. Release Height and Source Size Effects on Fluctuation Intensity; Internal Fluctuations in Jets and Plumes with No Meandering; Fluctuation Intensity in Meandering Plumes from Ground Level Releases; Meandering Plume Models for Source Size Effects on Elevated Releases; Comparison with Chatwin and Sullivan's Similarity Model; Release Momentum Effects on Source Size; Fluctuations Near the Ground: Dissipation by Wind Shear; Terrain Roughness, Atmospheric Stability, and Compatibility with Existing Hazard Assessment Models
7. Source Density Effects on FluctuationsDense Plumes; Buoyant Plumes; 8. Buildings and Obstacles; Modeling Concentration Fluctuations in Building Wakes; 9. Threshold Crossing and Peak Levels; Time Sequence versus Ensemble Repeat Averages; 10. Framework for an Operational Model; Adjusting Mean Concentration for Averaging Time; Concentration Fluctuation Statistics; Concentration Fluctuation Intensity; Fraction of Time Threshold Concentration Is Exceeded; Once-per-Event Peak Concentration; Summary
Appendix A Averaging and Sampling Time Effects on Plume Spread Velocity and Concentration FluctuationsInertialess Fluctuation Spectrum; Concentration Fluctuations; Power Law Exponent qc for Averaging Time; Effect of Averaging Time on Concentration Variance; Effect of Sampling Time on Concentration Variance; Power Law Exponent pc for Increased Sampling Time; Velocity Fluctuations; Sampling Time Effects on Crosswind Velocity Variance; Sampling Time Effects for the Transverse Isotropic Spectrum; Averaging Time Effects for Finite Sampling Time; Gifford's Random Force Model for σy
Wilson's Power Law Approximation to Gifford's Random Force Model
Record Nr. UNISA-996218382003316
Wilson David J  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Concentration fluctuations and averaging time in vapor clouds / / David J. Wilson
Concentration fluctuations and averaging time in vapor clouds / / David J. Wilson
Autore Wilson David J
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (201 p.)
Disciplina 533
660
Soggetto topico Vapors - Mathematical models
Fluctuations (Physics) - Mathematical models
Atmospheric diffusion - Mathematical models
Atmospheric turbulence - Mathematical models
Hazardous substances - Risk assessment
Industrial safety
ISBN 9786612817267
9781282817265
1282817264
9780470937976
0470937971
9781601190048
1601190042
9780470937969
0470937963
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Concentration Fluctuations and Averaging Time in Vapor Clouds; Contents; PREFACE; ACKNOWLEDGMENTS; 1. Background and Objectives; 2. Sampling and Averaging Time Definitions; Calculating Mass-Weighted Sampling Time; Effective Sampling Time ts,a for Block Time Averages; 3. Effect of Averaging Time on Mean Calculations; Ensemble Averaging and Zero Sample Time Meandering; Field Data for Sampling and Averaging Time Effects; Plume Spread Sampling Time Effects Deduced from Velocity Fluctuation Statistics; Measurement of Crosswind-Velocity Sampling Time Exponent pv
Averaging Time Effects on Plume Spread σyRandom Force Model for Sampling Time Effects on Crosswind Spread; Comparing the Random Force Model to CONDORS Data; Comparing the Random Force Model with σy ~ ts0.2; 4. Concentration Fluctuation Modeling; Overview; Types of Concentration Fluctuation Models; Conditional Statistics for Fluctuation Calculations; Wind Tunnel Simulation versus Field Testing for Model Validation; 5. Probability Distributions; Exponential Probability Distribution; Clipped-Normal Probability Distribution; Log-Normal Probability Distribution; Gamma Probability Distribution
Recommended Probability Distribution and Conditional Intensity Functions6. Release Height and Source Size Effects on Fluctuation Intensity; Internal Fluctuations in Jets and Plumes with No Meandering; Fluctuation Intensity in Meandering Plumes from Ground Level Releases; Meandering Plume Models for Source Size Effects on Elevated Releases; Comparison with Chatwin and Sullivan's Similarity Model; Release Momentum Effects on Source Size; Fluctuations Near the Ground: Dissipation by Wind Shear; Terrain Roughness, Atmospheric Stability, and Compatibility with Existing Hazard Assessment Models
7. Source Density Effects on FluctuationsDense Plumes; Buoyant Plumes; 8. Buildings and Obstacles; Modeling Concentration Fluctuations in Building Wakes; 9. Threshold Crossing and Peak Levels; Time Sequence versus Ensemble Repeat Averages; 10. Framework for an Operational Model; Adjusting Mean Concentration for Averaging Time; Concentration Fluctuation Statistics; Concentration Fluctuation Intensity; Fraction of Time Threshold Concentration Is Exceeded; Once-per-Event Peak Concentration; Summary
Appendix A Averaging and Sampling Time Effects on Plume Spread Velocity and Concentration FluctuationsInertialess Fluctuation Spectrum; Concentration Fluctuations; Power Law Exponent qc for Averaging Time; Effect of Averaging Time on Concentration Variance; Effect of Sampling Time on Concentration Variance; Power Law Exponent pc for Increased Sampling Time; Velocity Fluctuations; Sampling Time Effects on Crosswind Velocity Variance; Sampling Time Effects for the Transverse Isotropic Spectrum; Averaging Time Effects for Finite Sampling Time; Gifford's Random Force Model for σy
Wilson's Power Law Approximation to Gifford's Random Force Model
Record Nr. UNINA-9910876976403321
Wilson David J  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, 1995
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Contractor and client relations to assure process safety [[electronic resource] /] / William F. Early, II
Contractor and client relations to assure process safety [[electronic resource] /] / William F. Early, II
Autore Early William F
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (97 p.)
Disciplina 660.0684
660.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Chemical engineering - Safety measures
Contractors' operations
Industrial safety
Soggetto genere / forma Electronic books.
ISBN 1-282-78323-8
9786612783234
0-470-93513-8
0-470-93512-X
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Contractor and Client Relations to Assure Process Safety; CONTENTS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 1.1. Objective/Scope; 1.2. Organization of This Book; 1.3. Introduction to Terminology; 1.4. The Contract Opportunity; 1.5. References; 2. CONTRACTOR SAFETY PROGRAMS: GENERAL; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Safe Work Practices; 2.3. Contractor Qualification; 2.4. Documentation; 2.5. References; 3. OSHA PSM AND THE EPC CONTRACTOR; 3.1. Project Planning under OSHA PSM; 3.2. PSM Elements; 3.3. Checklist Basis for PSM Project Plan; 3.4. References; 4. SUBCONTRACTOR RELATIONSHIPS; 4.1. Introduction
4.2. Seamless Interfaces4.3. Shared Liabilities; 4.4. Direct Contract Employees; 4.5. References; 5. MANAGING CLIENT-CONTRACTOR RISK; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Indemnification; 5.3. Consequential Damages; 5.4. Differing Conditions; 5.5. Delays; 5.6. Attorney-Client Privilege; 5.7. Trust; 5.8. References; APPENDIX A. CONTRACTOR CHECKLISTS; APPENDIX B. STANDARDIZED PREQUALIFICATION FORM (PQF)
Record Nr. UNINA-9910140756703321
Early William F  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Contractor and client relations to assure process safety [[electronic resource] /] / William F. Early, II
Contractor and client relations to assure process safety [[electronic resource] /] / William F. Early, II
Autore Early William F
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (97 p.)
Disciplina 660.0684
660.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Chemical engineering - Safety measures
Contractors' operations
Industrial safety
ISBN 1-282-78323-8
9786612783234
0-470-93513-8
0-470-93512-X
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Contractor and Client Relations to Assure Process Safety; CONTENTS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 1.1. Objective/Scope; 1.2. Organization of This Book; 1.3. Introduction to Terminology; 1.4. The Contract Opportunity; 1.5. References; 2. CONTRACTOR SAFETY PROGRAMS: GENERAL; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Safe Work Practices; 2.3. Contractor Qualification; 2.4. Documentation; 2.5. References; 3. OSHA PSM AND THE EPC CONTRACTOR; 3.1. Project Planning under OSHA PSM; 3.2. PSM Elements; 3.3. Checklist Basis for PSM Project Plan; 3.4. References; 4. SUBCONTRACTOR RELATIONSHIPS; 4.1. Introduction
4.2. Seamless Interfaces4.3. Shared Liabilities; 4.4. Direct Contract Employees; 4.5. References; 5. MANAGING CLIENT-CONTRACTOR RISK; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Indemnification; 5.3. Consequential Damages; 5.4. Differing Conditions; 5.5. Delays; 5.6. Attorney-Client Privilege; 5.7. Trust; 5.8. References; APPENDIX A. CONTRACTOR CHECKLISTS; APPENDIX B. STANDARDIZED PREQUALIFICATION FORM (PQF)
Record Nr. UNISA-996218414503316
Early William F  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui
Contractor and client relations to assure process safety [[electronic resource] /] / William F. Early, II
Contractor and client relations to assure process safety [[electronic resource] /] / William F. Early, II
Autore Early William F
Pubbl/distr/stampa New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996
Descrizione fisica 1 online resource (97 p.)
Disciplina 660.0684
660.2804
Collana CCPS concept book
Soggetto topico Chemical engineering - Safety measures
Contractors' operations
Industrial safety
ISBN 1-282-78323-8
9786612783234
0-470-93513-8
0-470-93512-X
Formato Materiale a stampa
Livello bibliografico Monografia
Lingua di pubblicazione eng
Nota di contenuto Contractor and Client Relations to Assure Process Safety; CONTENTS; 1. INTRODUCTION; 1.1. Objective/Scope; 1.2. Organization of This Book; 1.3. Introduction to Terminology; 1.4. The Contract Opportunity; 1.5. References; 2. CONTRACTOR SAFETY PROGRAMS: GENERAL; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Safe Work Practices; 2.3. Contractor Qualification; 2.4. Documentation; 2.5. References; 3. OSHA PSM AND THE EPC CONTRACTOR; 3.1. Project Planning under OSHA PSM; 3.2. PSM Elements; 3.3. Checklist Basis for PSM Project Plan; 3.4. References; 4. SUBCONTRACTOR RELATIONSHIPS; 4.1. Introduction
4.2. Seamless Interfaces4.3. Shared Liabilities; 4.4. Direct Contract Employees; 4.5. References; 5. MANAGING CLIENT-CONTRACTOR RISK; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Indemnification; 5.3. Consequential Damages; 5.4. Differing Conditions; 5.5. Delays; 5.6. Attorney-Client Privilege; 5.7. Trust; 5.8. References; APPENDIX A. CONTRACTOR CHECKLISTS; APPENDIX B. STANDARDIZED PREQUALIFICATION FORM (PQF)
Record Nr. UNINA-9910830463303321
Early William F  
New York, : Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, c1996
Materiale a stampa
Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II
Opac: Controlla la disponibilità qui