| Nota di contenuto |
Front Cover -- Recycling and Deinking of Recovered Paper -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.1.1 The paper and paperboard industry in the global market -- 1.1.2 Paper Recycling Statistics -- 1.1.3 General aspects of paper recycling -- 1.1.4 Benefits of recycling -- 1.1.5 Challenges for paper recyclers -- 1.2 De-inking -- 1.3 Adhesives -- 1.4 Limited life cycle -- References -- 2 Legislation for the use of recycled paper -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Legislation in the European Union -- 2.3 Legislation in Japan -- 2.4 Legislation in the USA -- References -- 3 Grading, collection systems, and sorting of recovered paper -- 3.1 Waste paper grades for recycling -- 3.1.1 Brown grade or old corrugated containers/cardboards -- 3.1.2 White grade -- 3.1.2.1 Sorted white ledger and office waste -- 3.1.2.2 File stock -- 3.1.2.3 High-grade deinked paper -- 3.1.2.4 Pulp substitutes -- 3.2 Mechanical grade consisting of old newspapers and magazines -- 3.3 Mixed paper grade -- 3.4 Other grades -- 3.4.1 Collection -- 3.4.2 Sorting, handling, and storage of recovered paper -- References -- Further reading -- 4 Process steps in recycled fiber processing -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 History of the deinking process -- 4.3 Process steps and equipments -- 4.3.1 Pulping -- 4.3.2 Deflaking -- 4.3.3 Refuse removal -- 4.3.4 High-density cleaning -- 4.3.4.1 Coarse and fine screening -- 4.3.5 Flotation -- 4.3.5.1 Water hardness -- 4.3.5.2 pH -- 4.3.5.3 Consistency -- 4.3.5.4 Particle size -- 4.3.5.5 Dual time -- 4.3.5.6 Temperature -- 4.3.6 Washing -- 4.3.7 Thickening -- 4.3.8 Kneading and dispersion -- 4.3.9 Fine cleaning -- 4.3.10 Deinking processes -- References -- 5 System and process design for different paper and board grades -- 5.1 Introduction.
5.1.1 Recycled fiber (RCF) stock preparation for newsprint and improved paper grades -- 5.2 RCF stock preparation for market pulp systems -- 5.3 RCF stock preparation for fine paper system -- 5.4 RCF stock preparation for tissue -- 5.5 RCF stock preparation for test liner -- References -- 6 Effects of recycling on pulp quality -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 General effects of recycling on papermaking properties -- 6.3 Factors influencing recycling -- 6.4 Techniques to improve the strength properties of recycled fibers -- References -- Further reading -- 7 Chemicals used in deinking and their function -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Roles of various chemicals in the deinking system -- 7.2.1 Alkali -- 7.2.2 Stabilizers -- 7.2.3 Hydrogen peroxide -- 7.2.4 Chelating agents -- 7.2.5 Surfactants -- 7.2.6 Dispersion agents -- 7.2.7 Collecting chemicals -- 7.2.8 Frothing agent -- 7.2.9 Defoamer -- 7.2.10 Emulsions -- 7.2.11 Modified inorganic particle -- 7.2.12 Calcium salts -- References -- Further reading -- 8 Deinking with enzymes -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Deinking enzymes and their mechanism -- 8.3 Developments in enzymatic deinking -- 8.4 Effect of enzyme on fiber, paper quality, and pulp yield -- 8.5 Effect of enzyme on effluent characteristics -- 8.6 Benefits and limitations -- 8.7 Future prospects -- References -- 9 Bleaching of secondary fibers -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Chlorine bleaching -- 9.2.1 Bleaching with hypochlorite -- 9.3 Chlorine-free bleaching -- 9.3.1 Bleaching with hydrogen peroxide -- 9.3.2 Bleaching with dithionite -- 9.3.3 Bleaching with formamidine sulfinic acid -- 9.3.4 Bleaching with oxygen -- 9.3.5 Bleaching with ozone -- 9.3.6 Bleaching with peroxyacids -- 9.3.7 Direct borohydride injection bleaching -- References -- 10 Refining of recycled fibers -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Refining effects.
10.3 Use of enzymes in upgrading secondary fiber -- References -- Further reading -- 11 Improvement of drainability of recycled fibers -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Effect of enzymes and chemical additives on drainage -- 11.3 Benefits of improving drainage -- References -- Further reading -- 12 Effects of recycled fiber on paper machines -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Effects on paper machine runnability -- 12.2.1 Performance of enzymatically deinked recovered paper on paper machine runnability -- 12.3 Effect on sheet properties -- References -- Further reading -- 13 Control of stickies -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Problems -- 13.3 Control -- 13.3.1 Control of wastepaper quality -- 13.3.2 Pulping and deflaking -- 13.3.3 Screening -- 13.3.4 Cleaning -- 13.3.5 Flotation -- 13.3.6 Dispersion and kneading -- 13.3.7 Chemical Additives -- 13.3.7.1 Talc -- 13.3.7.2 Bentonite -- 13.3.7.3 Diatomite -- 13.3.7.4 Dispersants mixed with solvents -- 13.3.7.5 Zirconium compounds -- 13.3.7.6 Alum-sequestering agents -- 13.3.7.7 Cationic polymers -- 13.3.7.8 Surfactants -- 13.3.8 Enzymes -- 13.4 Future prospects -- References -- Further reading -- 14 Water reuse, wastewater treatment, and closed cycle operation -- 14.1 Water reuse -- 14.2 Wastewater treatment -- 14.2.1 Aerobic biological treatment -- 14.2.2 Anaerobic biological treatment -- 14.3 Closed cycle in paper mills utilizing recycled fibers -- References -- Further reading -- 15 Case studies on paper recycling -- 15.1 Diamond standard series chain for paper recycling operation -- 15.2 Paper recycling in Elora Paper Mills Ltd., India -- 15.3 How a Super Cleat saved a paper recycling plant time and money -- 15.4 Paper recycling in Malu Paper Mills, India -- 15.5 Vertical recycle paper pulper -- 15.6 DIRK Paper Ltd. UK -- 15.7 Paper recycling in Bazargaon Paper and Pulp Mills, India.
15.8 Recycling paper-based silicone release liners -- 15.9 Use of the recycled content paper in magazines -- References -- Further reading -- 16 Environmental aspects of recycling -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Benefits of recycled paper for the environment -- 16.3 The drawbacks of recycling paper -- 16.4 Health risks associated with recycled paper consumption -- 16.5 Organochlorine compounds -- 16.6 Carbon footprints -- 16.7 Evaluation of a recycled paper production's environmental performance using the life cycle assessment method -- References -- Further reading -- 17 Uses of recovered paper other than papermaking -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Uses of recovered paper -- 17.2.1 Biorefinery -- 17.2.2 Construction and manufacturing -- 17.2.3 Molded papers -- 17.2.4 Fuel -- 17.2.5 Recovered paper for use in art and handicraft -- 17.2.6 Nanocellulose -- 17.2.7 Biohydrogen and biogas -- 17.2.8 Bioethanol -- 17.2.9 Heat by incineration -- 17.2.10 Hydrochar by carbonization -- 17.2.11 Soil amendment by composting -- References -- 18 Future of paper recycling -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Problems and patterns affecting the amount, quality, and availability of recycled fiber -- References -- Further reading -- Index -- Back Cover.
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Bleach plant effluents from the pulp and paper industry / / Pratima Bajpai
