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Air monitoring for toxic exposures [[electronic resource] /] / Henry J. McDermott
| Air monitoring for toxic exposures [[electronic resource] /] / Henry J. McDermott |
| Autore | McDermott Henry J |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley-Interscience, c2004 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (702 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/0287 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | NessShirley A |
| Soggetto topico |
Air - Pollution - Measurement
Biological monitoring Air sampling apparatus |
| ISBN |
1-280-34604-3
9786610346042 0-471-67057-X 0-471-67058-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
AIR MONITORING FOR TOXIC EXPOSURES; CONTENTS; PREFACE; PART I BACKGROUND CONCEPTS FOR AIR MONITORING; 1 Air Monitoring Review; Air Sampling in Perspective; Air Sampling Strategy and Plan; Types of Air Monitoring; Air Sampling Techniques; Sample Collection Devices; Direct-Reading Devices; Monitoring Records; Summary; References; 2 Hazards; Contaminants; Toxic Effects; Warning Signs; Standards and Guidelines for Air Sampling; Exposure Controls; Summary; References; 3 Exposure Assessment Strategy and Monitoring Plan; Exposure Assessment; Performing an Exposure Assessment
Exposure Monitoring PlanSummary; References; 4 Air Monitoring at Emergencies Including Terrorism Events; Reasons for Air Sampling; Terrorism Agents; Identifying a Terrorism Event; Planning for Emergencies and Terrorism Events; Air Sampling for Chemical Agents; Air Sampling for Biological Agents; Air Sampling for Radiological Hazards; Summary; References; PART II SAMPLE COLLECTION DEVICE METHODS FOR CHEMICALS; 5 Introduction to Monitoring Using Sample Collection Devices; Review of the Metric System; Method Selection; Pumps and Other Sampling Equipment; Understanding the Critical Orifice Calibration DevicesCalibration Procedures; Sample Identification and Chain of Custody; Documenting Exposure Monitoring; Performing the Exposure Monitoring; Laboratory Analysis; Voiding Samples; Examples: Calculating Air Monitoring Results; Comparing Results to Exposure Limits; Summary; References; 6 Sample Collection Device Methods for Gases and Vapors; Active Sample Collection Device Monitoring; Passive Collectors for Gases and Vapors; Summary; References; 7 Sample Collection Device Methods for Aerosols; Characterizing Aerosols; Aerosol Collection Mechanisms; Potential Problems Total Aerosol SamplersParticle Size-Selective Sampling; Size-Selective Sampling Devices; Sampling for Specific Aerosols; Summary; References; 8 Concurrent Sampling for Vapors and Aerosols; Collection Methods for Semivolatile Compounds; Collection of Multiple Species: Arsenic; Combustion Processes: Cigarette Smoke Collection; Collection of Mixtures; References; PART III REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS; 9 Introduction to Monitoring Using Real-Time Methods; Direct-Reading Instruments; Colorimetric Systems; Summary; References; 10 Instruments with Sensors for Specific Chemicals; Calibration Electrochemical SensorsMetal Oxide Sensors; Other Detection Principles; Specific Chemicals; Summary; References; 11 General Survey Instruments for Gases and Vapors; Measurement of Explosive Atmospheres: Combustible Gas Indicators; Interpretation of Measurements of Explosive Atmospheres; Monitoring for Health Hazard Levels of Volatile Organic Compounds: FIDs and PIDs; Comparison of FID and PID for General Survey Use; Interpretation of General Survey Measurements for Health Hazards; Summary; References; 12 Instruments for Multiple Specific Gases and Vapors: GC, GC/MS, and IR Portable Gas Chromatographs (GCs) |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910146059103321 |
McDermott Henry J
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| Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley-Interscience, c2004 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Air monitoring for toxic exposures / / Henry J. McDermott
| Air monitoring for toxic exposures / / Henry J. McDermott |
| Autore | McDermott Henry J |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley-Interscience, c2004 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (702 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/0287 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | NessShirley A |
| Soggetto topico |
Air - Pollution - Measurement
Biological monitoring Air sampling apparatus |
| ISBN |
1-280-34604-3
9786610346042 0-471-67057-X 0-471-67058-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
AIR MONITORING FOR TOXIC EXPOSURES; CONTENTS; PREFACE; PART I BACKGROUND CONCEPTS FOR AIR MONITORING; 1 Air Monitoring Review; Air Sampling in Perspective; Air Sampling Strategy and Plan; Types of Air Monitoring; Air Sampling Techniques; Sample Collection Devices; Direct-Reading Devices; Monitoring Records; Summary; References; 2 Hazards; Contaminants; Toxic Effects; Warning Signs; Standards and Guidelines for Air Sampling; Exposure Controls; Summary; References; 3 Exposure Assessment Strategy and Monitoring Plan; Exposure Assessment; Performing an Exposure Assessment
Exposure Monitoring PlanSummary; References; 4 Air Monitoring at Emergencies Including Terrorism Events; Reasons for Air Sampling; Terrorism Agents; Identifying a Terrorism Event; Planning for Emergencies and Terrorism Events; Air Sampling for Chemical Agents; Air Sampling for Biological Agents; Air Sampling for Radiological Hazards; Summary; References; PART II SAMPLE COLLECTION DEVICE METHODS FOR CHEMICALS; 5 Introduction to Monitoring Using Sample Collection Devices; Review of the Metric System; Method Selection; Pumps and Other Sampling Equipment; Understanding the Critical Orifice Calibration DevicesCalibration Procedures; Sample Identification and Chain of Custody; Documenting Exposure Monitoring; Performing the Exposure Monitoring; Laboratory Analysis; Voiding Samples; Examples: Calculating Air Monitoring Results; Comparing Results to Exposure Limits; Summary; References; 6 Sample Collection Device Methods for Gases and Vapors; Active Sample Collection Device Monitoring; Passive Collectors for Gases and Vapors; Summary; References; 7 Sample Collection Device Methods for Aerosols; Characterizing Aerosols; Aerosol Collection Mechanisms; Potential Problems Total Aerosol SamplersParticle Size-Selective Sampling; Size-Selective Sampling Devices; Sampling for Specific Aerosols; Summary; References; 8 Concurrent Sampling for Vapors and Aerosols; Collection Methods for Semivolatile Compounds; Collection of Multiple Species: Arsenic; Combustion Processes: Cigarette Smoke Collection; Collection of Mixtures; References; PART III REAL-TIME MEASUREMENT INSTRUMENTS; 9 Introduction to Monitoring Using Real-Time Methods; Direct-Reading Instruments; Colorimetric Systems; Summary; References; 10 Instruments with Sensors for Specific Chemicals; Calibration Electrochemical SensorsMetal Oxide Sensors; Other Detection Principles; Specific Chemicals; Summary; References; 11 General Survey Instruments for Gases and Vapors; Measurement of Explosive Atmospheres: Combustible Gas Indicators; Interpretation of Measurements of Explosive Atmospheres; Monitoring for Health Hazard Levels of Volatile Organic Compounds: FIDs and PIDs; Comparison of FID and PID for General Survey Use; Interpretation of General Survey Measurements for Health Hazards; Summary; References; 12 Instruments for Multiple Specific Gases and Vapors: GC, GC/MS, and IR Portable Gas Chromatographs (GCs) |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910827986003321 |
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McDermott Henry J
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| Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley-Interscience, c2004 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Emissions of air pollutants : measurements, calculations and uncertainties / / Rainer Friedrich, Stefan Reis (eds.) [[electronic resource]]
| Emissions of air pollutants : measurements, calculations and uncertainties / / Rainer Friedrich, Stefan Reis (eds.) [[electronic resource]] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Berlin ; ; New York, : Springer, c2004 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xvii, 335 p. ) : ill., maps ; |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/0287 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
FriedrichR (Rainer)
ReisStefan <1968-> |
| Soggetto topico |
Air - Pollution - Measurement
Civil & Environmental Engineering Engineering & Applied Sciences Environmental Engineering |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | 1. Introduction and summary -- 1.1 Aims of this book -- 1.2 Summary -- 1.3 Anthropogenic emissions of ammonia -- 1.4 Emissions of particulate matter to the atmosphere -- 1.5 Assessment of the quality of emission data -- 1.6 Improvement and application of emission models and tools -- 1.7 Outlook -- 1.8 References -- 2. Improvement of emission factors -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) -- 2.3 Emissions of particulate matter -- 2.4 Emissions of ammonia -- 2.5 References -- 3. Uncertainties, validation and verification -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Uncertainty analysis -- 3.3 Comparisons of emissions -- 3.4 Sensitivity analysis -- 3.5 References -- 3.6 Annex -- 4. Emission models and tools -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Land cover and topography mapping -- 4.3 EMIMO: An emission model -- 4.4 MIMOSA: A road emission model using average speeds from a multi-modal traffic flow model -- 4.5 Improvement and application of methodology and models to calculate multiscale high resolution emission data for Germany and Europe -- 4.6 Developing emission inventories for Turkey -- 4.7 References. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910222243103321 |
| Berlin ; ; New York, : Springer, c2004 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants [[electronic resource] ] : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council
| Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants [[electronic resource] ] : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (337 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/0287 |
| Soggetto topico |
Air - Pollution - Evaluation
Health risk assessment - Methodology Pollutants - Analysis |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-280-21238-1
9786610212385 0-309-54353-3 0-585-03020-0 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910455899803321 |
| Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants [[electronic resource] ] : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council
| Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants [[electronic resource] ] : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (337 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/0287 |
| Soggetto topico |
Air - Pollution - Evaluation
Health risk assessment - Methodology Pollutants - Analysis |
| ISBN |
1-280-21238-1
9786610212385 0-309-54353-3 0-585-03020-0 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910778505303321 |
| Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council
| Human exposure assessment for airborne pollutants : advances and opportunities / / Committee on Advances in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Pollutants, Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology, Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources, National Research Council |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (337 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.5/3/0287 |
| Soggetto topico |
Air - Pollution - Evaluation
Health risk assessment - Methodology Pollutants - Analysis |
| ISBN |
1-280-21238-1
9786610212385 0-309-54353-3 0-585-03020-0 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Human Exposure Assessment for Airborne Pollutants -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- INTRODUCTION -- THE CHARGE TO THE COMMITTEE -- THE COMMITTEE'S APPROACH TO ITS CHARGE -- RATIONALE FOR PERFORMING EXPOSURE ASSESSMENTS -- FRAMEWORK FOR ASSESSING EXPOSURES TO AIR CONTAMINANTS -- SAMPLING AND PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL MEASUREMENTS -- Quality Control and Quality Assurance -- Sampling Techniques and Strategy -- Instrumental Techniques -- USE OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS IN ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS -- SURVEY RESEARCH METHODS AND EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- MODELS USED IN ASSESSING HUMAN EXPOSURE TO AIRBORNE CONTAMINANTS -- Concentration Models -- Exposure Models -- FUTURE DIRECTIONS FOR EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- 1 Principles of Exposure Assessment -- INTRODUCTION -- BACKGROUND -- Exposure Assessment in Environmental Epidemiology -- Exposure Assessment in Occupational Epidemiology and Risk Management -- Conceptual Framework for Human Exposure Assessment -- Types of Studies -- Community Studies -- Epidemiological Studies -- Industrial Hygiene Studies -- Clinical Case Studies -- Engineering Studies -- Animal Studies -- Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Studies -- Behavioral Studies -- SUMMARY -- 2 Framework for Assessing Exposures to Air Contaminants -- INTRODUCTION -- MATHEMATICAL RELATIONSHIPS -- MEASUREMENT AND ESTIMATION TECHNIQUES EMPLOYED IN EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- Direct Measures of Exposure -- Personal Monitoring -- Biological Markers -- Indirect Measures of Exposure -- Microenvironmental Measurements -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Mitigation Measures -- INTEGRATION OF EXPOSURE-ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES -- SUMMARY -- 3 Sampling and Physical-Chemical Measurements -- INTRODUCTION -- QUALITY ASSURANCE -- ERRORS -- Site-Selection Errors -- Collection Errors -- Analytical Errors -- Data-Handling Errors -- AIRBORNE ANALYTES.
CRITERIA FOR METHOD SELECTION -- Sensitivity -- Selectivity -- Rapidity -- Comprehensiveness -- Portability -- Cost -- METHODOLOGY -- The Measurement Process -- Sampling -- Passive Sampling -- Active Sampling -- Separation -- Chromatography -- Gas Chromatography -- Liquid Chromatography -- Supercritical Fluid Chromatography -- Permselective Membranes (Microfiltration) -- Sequential Solvent Extraction -- Supercritical Fluid Extraction -- Liquid Chromatography for Sample Preparation -- Detection -- Chromatography Detection Devices -- Nonspecific Detectors -- Selective Ionization Detectors -- Thermal Conduction Devices -- Organoleptic Methods -- Mass Spectrometry -- Mass Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry -- Ion Mobility Spectrometer -- Electrochemical Detectors -- Potentiometry -- Conductimetry -- Amperometry -- Spectroscopic Detectors -- Infrared Detection -- Microsensors -- Electron Microscopy -- Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) -- Radon and Radon Progeny Measurements -- Radon -- Radon-Decay Products -- Chemometrics -- SUMMARY -- Quality Control/Quality Assurance -- Sampling Techniques and Strategy -- Instrumental Techniques -- Field-Study Instruments -- 4 Use of Biological Markers in Assessing Human Exposure to Airborne Contaminants -- INTRODUCTION -- FROM EXPOSURE TO HEALTH EFFECTS: KINDS OF MARKERS -- APPLICATIONS OF HUMAN BIOLOGICAL MARKERS -- Markers of Exposure -- Markers of Effect -- UTILITY OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS -- Advantages -- Improved Exposure Assessments -- Validation of Pharmacokinetic Models -- Improvement of Risk Extrapolation -- Timely Identification of Persons or Groups at Increased Risk of Disease -- Improved Epidemiological Study Design and Inference -- Disadvantages and Limitations -- Lack of Validation -- Ambiguity of Many Markers -- Variability of Markers. Difficulty of Establishing Links Between Exposure and Markers of Effect -- Confounding Influences on Biological Markers -- Complexity and Resource Intensiveness -- Use of Exposure Markers in Conjunction with Traditional Measures -- CRITERIA GOVERNING THE VALIDATION AND USE OF BIOLOGICAL MARKERS -- Validation and Selection of Biological Markers -- Exposure Assessment -- Understanding of Pharmacokinetics and Temporal Relevance -- Understanding of "Background" Variability and Confounding Variables -- Reproducibility, Sensitivity, and Specificity -- Feasibility -- Study Design -- Adequate Sample Size -- Appropriate Control Populations -- Control of Potential Confounding Variables -- Use of Batteries of Biological Markers -- Analysis -- ETHICAL ISSUES -- SUMMARY -- 5 Survey Research Methods and Exposure Assessment -- INTRODUCTION -- SAMPLE SELECTION -- Target Population -- Response Rate -- Sampling Error -- Other Features -- MEASUREMENT APPROACHES -- Direct Approach -- Indirect Approach -- Integrating Personal-Monitor and Diary Information -- Questionnaire Approach -- Factual Questions -- QUESTIONNAIRE FRAMING AND WORDING -- IMPROVING SURVEY QUESTIONS -- INCORPORATING SURVEY-RESEARCH METHODS INTO EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT -- SUMMARY -- 6 Models -- INTRODUCTION -- IMPORTANT MODEL CHARACTERISTICS -- CONCENTRATION MODELS -- Outdoor Models-Contaminant Source Emissions -- Validation -- Contaminant Dispersion -- Atmospheric Chemistry -- Receptor Models -- INDOOR CONTAMINANT CONCENTRATIONS -- Industrial Environments -- Nonindustrial Environments -- Variability in Emission Rates -- Mixing Within and Between Rooms -- Deposition -- Air Cleaning -- Recent Advances -- EXPOSURE-ASSESSMENT MODELS -- Individual Exposures -- Population Exposures -- Temporal Aspects -- SUMMARY -- Concentration Models -- Outdoor -- Indoor -- Indoor-Air Chemistry -- Exposure Models. Source Models -- Validation -- 7 Current and Anticipated Applications -- INTRODUCTION -- VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- Introduction -- Current Approaches to Exposure Assessment Under the Clean Air Act -- Total Exposure-Assessment Methodology Study -- Overview -- Measurement Methods -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Benzene -- Recommendations -- ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE -- Introduction -- Air-Contaminant Measurement -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Future Applications -- POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS -- Introduction -- Hypothesis and Study Design -- Measurement Methods -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Future Needs -- LEAD -- Introduction -- Lead from Gasoline -- Airborne Lead from Stationary Sources -- Lead in Dusts and Soils -- Outdoor-Air Measurements -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Conclusions -- ACIDIC PARTICULATE MATTER -- Introduction -- Hypothesis -- Measurements -- Methods -- Conclusions -- SICK-BUILDING SYNDROME -- Introduction -- Hypothesis and Study Design -- Measurement Techniques (Analytical and Sampling) -- Biological Markers -- Questionnaires -- Models -- Conclusions -- TOXICS RELEASE INVENTORY -- Introduction -- Applications to Exposure Assessment -- Implications -- RADON -- Introduction -- Hypothesis and Study Design -- Measurement Methods -- Models -- Advances -- Glossary -- References -- Appendix A: Basic Standard Environmental Inventory Questionnaire -- Appendix B: Exposure Assessment Workshop Participants and Presentations -- WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS -- WORKSHOP PRESENTATIONS -- Session I: Application of Methodology in Assessing Human Exposure to Air Contaminants -- Session II: Biomarkers of Exposure -- Session III: Modeling -- Session IV: Measurement Techniques -- Session V: Time-Activity Patterns and Questionnaires. Appendix C: Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources -- STAFF. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910827708203321 |
| Washington, D.C., : National Academy of Sciences, 1991 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||