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Reverse osmosis / / Jane Kucera
| Reverse osmosis / / Jane Kucera |
| Autore | Kucera Jane |
| Edizione | [Third edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, NJ : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2023] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (671 pages) |
| Disciplina | 628.16744 |
| Soggetto topico |
Industrial water supply
Water - Purification - Reverse osmosis process |
| ISBN |
1-119-72518-6
1-119-72521-6 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910830572003321 |
Kucera Jane
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| Hoboken, NJ : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2023] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination Volume 1 : Planning, Process Design and Engineering – A Manual for Study and Practice / / by Heinz Ludwig
| Reverse Osmosis Seawater Desalination Volume 1 : Planning, Process Design and Engineering – A Manual for Study and Practice / / by Heinz Ludwig |
| Autore | Ludwig Heinz |
| Edizione | [1st ed. 2022.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2022 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (749 pages) |
| Disciplina |
628.167
628.16744 |
| Soggetto topico |
Environmental engineering
Civil engineering Production engineering Marine engineering Environmental Civil Engineering Process Engineering Marine Engineering |
| ISBN |
9783030819316
3030819310 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Introduction -- Earth's Fresh Water Ressources, their Management and Role of Seawater Desalination -- Seawter - Composition and Properties -- Seawater Reverse Osmosis Plant - General Systems Configuration -- The Reverse Osmosis Membrane System. . |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910624378703321 |
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Ludwig Heinz
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| Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2022 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Desalination : : Energy consumption in plants, advanced low-energy technologies, and future developments for improving energy efficiency / / Seungkwan Hong, Kiho Park, Jungbin Kim, Abayomi Babatunde Alayande, Youngjin Kim
| Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO) Desalination : : Energy consumption in plants, advanced low-energy technologies, and future developments for improving energy efficiency / / Seungkwan Hong, Kiho Park, Jungbin Kim, Abayomi Babatunde Alayande, Youngjin Kim |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | United Kingdom : , : IWA Publishing, , 2023 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (168 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.16744 |
| Soggetto topico |
Technology & Engineering / Mining
Science / Applied Sciences Science / Environmental Science Science |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910832986103321 |
| United Kingdom : , : IWA Publishing, , 2023 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination : : Assessment and Pre-treatment of Fouling and Scaling / / Jan C. Schippers, Gary L. Amy, Maria D. Kennedy, In S. Kim, Sergio G. Salinas-Rodríguez
| Seawater Reverse Osmosis Desalination : : Assessment and Pre-treatment of Fouling and Scaling / / Jan C. Schippers, Gary L. Amy, Maria D. Kennedy, In S. Kim, Sergio G. Salinas-Rodríguez |
| Autore | Schippers Jan C |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | [s.l.] : , : IWA Publishing, , 2021 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (301 p.) |
| Disciplina | 628.16744 |
| Soggetto topico |
Technology & Engineering / Environmental / Water Supply
Technology |
| ISBN | 1-78040-986-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Cover -- Foreword -- Contributors -- About the editors -- Contents -- Chapter 1: Introduction to desalination -- 1.1 DRIVERS -- 1.2 DESALINATION TECHNOLOGIES -- 1.2.1 Reverse osmosis -- 1.2.2 Distillation -- 1.2.3 Energy consumption and cost -- 1.3 GLOBAL DESALINATION CAPACITY -- 1.3.1 Desalination capacity by technology and source water type -- 1.3.2 Desalination capacity by region -- 1.3.3 Desalination capacity per type of customer -- 1.4 DESALINATION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES -- 1.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS -- 1.6 MEMBRANE FOULING -- 1.7 CONCLUDING REMARKS -- 1.8 REFERENCES -- Chapter 2: Basic principles of reverse osmosis -- 2.1 INTRODUCTION -- 2.2 OSMOTIC PRESSURE -- 2.2.1 Calculation of osmotic pressure -- 2.3 WATER FLOW -- 2.3.1 Salt rejection -- 2.3.2 Salt passage -- 2.4 SALT FLOW -- 2.4.1 Permeate salinity -- 2.5 RECOVERY AND CONCENTRATION FACTOR -- 2.6 PRESSURE DROP -- 2.7 CONCENTRATION POLARIZATION -- 2.7.1 Control of concentration polarization -- 2.7.2 Effects of concentration polarization -- 2.7.3 Concentration polarization factor -- 2.8 MASS TRANSFER COEFFICIENT -- 2.9 TEMPERATURE AND WATER QUALITY -- 2.10 FACTORS AFFECTING REVERSE OSMOSIS PERFORMANCE -- 2.11 ENERGY CONSUMPTION -- 2.12 SYSTEM CONFIGURATION -- 2.13 REFERENCES -- Chapter 3: Fouling and pre-treatment -- 3.1 INTRODUCTION TO FOULING -- 3.2 PRE-TREATMENT -- 3.2.1 Intakes, shore wells / beach wells -- 3.2.2 Conventional pre-treatment processes -- 3.2.3 Screens -- 3.2.4 Chlorination -- 3.2.5 Granular media filters -- 3.2.5.1 Filter media -- 3.2.5.2 Vulnerability of media filtration -- 3.2.5.3 Filtration rate -- 3.2.5.4 Filters -- 3.2.5.5 Media and quality effluent -- 3.2.5.6 Dual and multimedia filtration -- 3.2.6 Inline coagulation (direct filtration) -- 3.2.6.1 Commonly applied coagulants -- 3.2.7 Flocculation - sedimentation - media filtration.
3.2.8 Dissolved air flotation -- 3.2.9 Cartridge filtration -- 3.2.10 Membrane pre-treatment -- 3.2.11 Comparison between conventional and membrane pre-treatment -- 3.3 REFERENCES -- Chapter 4: Particulate fouling -- 4.1 INTRODUCTION -- 4.2 PARTICLES -- 4.3 PARTICULATE FOULING EQUATION -- 4.3.1 Constant pressure filtration -- 4.3.2 Constant flux filtration -- 4.3.2.1 Cross-flow and dead-end filtration -- 4.3.3 Modelling particle deposition in RO -- 4.3.3.1 Mass balance equations -- 4.3.3.2 Particle deposition mechanisms -- 4.3.4 The particulate fouling prediction model -- 4.3.4.1 At constant pressure -- 4.3.4.2 At constant flux -- 4.4 SILT DENSITY INDEX (SDI) -- 4.4.1 Weaknesses of the SDI -- 4.4.1.1 SDI versus turbidity -- 4.4.1.2 Non-correlation with concentration of particles -- 4.4.1.3 Membrane material -- 4.4.1.4 Water temperature -- 4.4.2 Predictive value of the SDI -- 4.5 MODIFIED FOULING INDEX (MFI) -- 4.5.1.1 Effect of membrane support holder in SDI and MFI0.45 -- 4.5.2 Predicting the rate of fouling in spiral wound RO elements with MFI0.45 -- 4.6 MODIFIED FOULING INDEX - ULTRAFILTRATION (MFI-UF) -- 4.6.1 MFI-UF constant pressure -- 4.6.2 MFI-UF constant flux -- 4.6.2.1 Membranes -- 4.6.2.2 Flux rate -- 4.6.3 Predicting pressure increase in RO systems -- 4.7 PREDICTING PRESSURE DEVELOPMENT IN MICRO- AND ULTRAFILTRATION SYSTEMS -- 4.8 REFERENCES -- Chapter 5: Organic and biological fouling -- 5.1 WHAT IS ORGANIC FOULING AND BIOFOULING? -- 5.2 IMPACT OF ORGANIC FOULING AND BIOFOULING ON PLANT OPERATION -- 5.3 PRETREATMENTS -- 5.4 PREDICTION OF BIOFOULING POTENTIAL IN RO FEEDWATER -- 5.4.1 Colony forming units (CFU) -- 5.4.2 Total direct cell (TDC) count -- 5.4.3 Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content -- 5.4.4 Assimilable organic carbon (AOC) -- 5.5 MEMBRANE CLEANING -- 5.5.1 Chemical cleaning -- 5.5.2 Acid and base coupled with chelating agents. 5.5.3 Biocides -- 5.5.4 Surfactants -- 5.6 MEMBRANE FOULING CHARACTERIZATION METHODS -- 5.6.1 Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) -- 5.6.2 Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) -- 5.6.3 Confocal scanning electron microscopy (CLSM) -- 5.6.4 Atomic force microscopy (AFM) -- 5.7 PRESENT EFFORTS AND FUTURE RESEARCH DIRECTIONS -- 5.7.1 Membrane surface modification -- 5.7.2 Biological agents -- 5.8 REFERENCES -- Chapter 6: Algal blooms and RO desalination -- 6.1 INTRODUCTION -- 6.2 ALGAL BLOOMS -- 6.2.1 Factors triggering algal blooms -- 6.2.2 Type of blooms -- 6.2.2.1 Toxic micro-algal blooms -- 6.2.2.2 Non-toxic micro-algal blooms -- 6.2.2.3 Macro-algal blooms -- 6.2.3 Algal-derived organic matter -- 6.2.3.1 Extracellular organic matter -- 6.2.3.2 Intracellular organic matter -- 6.2.3.2.1 Algal toxins -- 6.2.3.3 Taste and odour compounds -- 6.3 RO CHALLENGES DURING ALGAL BLOOMS -- 6.3.1 Algal toxins -- 6.3.1.1 Fate of algal toxins through RO -- 6.3.2 Pre-treatment challenges -- 6.3.2.1 Clogging of granular media filters -- 6.3.2.2 Fouling of MF/UF -- 6.3.3 RO fouling -- 6.4 ALGAL BLOOM MONITORING IN RO PLANTS -- 6.4.1 Conventional parameters -- 6.4.2 Algae concentration -- 6.4.2.1 Cell count -- 6.4.2.2 Cholorophyll-a -- 6.4.2.3 Remote sensing to monitor algal bloom transport and landfall -- 6.4.3 Algal organic matter characterisation -- 6.4.3.1 Liquid chromatography - organic carbon detection (LC-OCD) -- 6.4.3.2 FEEM -- 6.4.3.3 TEP concentration -- 6.4.3.4 HAB toxins -- 6.4.3.5 Taste and odour compounds -- 6.4.4 Particulate fouling potential -- 6.4.5 Biological fouling potential -- 6.5 OPERATIONAL & -- PRETREATMENT STRATEGIES -- 6.5.1 Toxin risk management in RO plants -- 6.5.2 Seawater intake design considerations -- 6.5.3 Chlorination and de-chlorination -- 6.5.4 Dissolved air flotation -- 6.5.5 Granular media filtration. 6.5.6 Microfiltration and ultrafiltration -- 6.5.7 Emerging pretreatment solutions -- 6.5.7.1 Ultrasonic algae control at the water intake -- 6.5.7.2 Integrated flotation-filtration pretreatment -- 6.5.7.3 Auto-adaptive operation of MF/UF pretreatment -- 6.6 REFERENCES -- Chapter 7: Inorganic fouling -- 7.1 INTRODUCTION -- 7.2 ORIGIN OF IRON AND MANGANESE -- 7.2.1 Anaerobic conditions -- 7.2.2 Aerobic conditions -- 7.2.3 Degree of anaerobia -- 7.3 COMPOSITION OF GROUNDWATER AND BEACH WELLS -- 7.3.1 Beach/shore wells -- 7.4 MEMBRANE FOULING DUE TO IRON AND MANGANESE -- 7.4.1 Fouling due to iron -- 7.4.2 Fouling due to manganese -- 7.5 RATE OF OXIDATION IRON (II) AND MANGANESE (II) -- 7.6 HOW TO AVOID FOULING DUE TO IRON (II) AND MANGANESE (II) -- 7.6.1 Controlling membrane fouling due to iron and manganese -- 7.6.2 Removal of Iron and Manganese -- 7.6.2.1 Aeration followed by sand filtration -- 7.6.2.2 Iron removal -- 7.6.2.3 Manganese removal -- 7.6.2.4 Polishing with cartridge filtration -- 7.7 SUMMARIZING -- 7.8 REFERENCES -- Chapter 8: Scaling -- 8.1 MEMBRANE SCALING -- 8.1.1 Solubility of salts and supersaturation -- 8.1.2 Precipitation kinetics -- 8.1.2.1 Nucleation -- 8.1.2.2 Crystal growth -- 8.1.2.3 Concept of induction time -- 8.2 FACTORS AFFECTING SCALING -- 8.2.1 pH in RO concentrate and in RO permeate -- 8.3 TYPES OF SCALE ENCOUNTERED IN RO -- 8.3.1 Calcium carbonate scaling -- 8.3.2 Calcium sulphate scaling -- 8.3.3 Silica/metal silicates -- 8.3.4 Barium sulphate scaling -- 8.3.5 Calcium phosphate scaling -- 8.4 PREDICTION OF SCALING TENDENCY -- 8.4.1 Scaling indices -- 8.4.1.1 Saturation index (SI) -- 8.4.1.2 Supersaturation Ratio (Sr) -- 8.4.1.3 Langelier saturation index (LSI) -- 8.4.1.4 Stiff-Davis Stability Index (S& -- DSI) -- 8.4.1.5 Calcium carbonate precipitation potential (CCPP). 8.5 SCALING PREDICTIONS WITH COMPUTER SOFTWARE -- 8.5.1 Commercial Programs -- 8.5.2 PHREEQC -- 8.6 MONITORING SCALING IN RO -- 8.6.1 Sensors and data monitoring -- 8.6.2 Parameters used to monitor scaling in RO systems -- 8.6.3 Monitoring systems -- 8.7 SCALING CONTROL AND ANTISCALANTS -- 8.7.1 Altering feed water characteristics -- 8.7.2 Optimization of operating parameters and system design -- 8.7.3 Addition of scale inhibitors/antiscalants -- 8.7.4 Antiscalants -- 8.8 DETERMINATION OF ANTISCALANT DOSE IN RO SYSTEMS -- 8.8.1 Dosage determination of scale inhibitor (antiscalant) -- 8.8.2 Dosage control and optimization -- 8.8.3 Summarizing -- 8.9 SCALING IN SEAWATER REVERSE OSMOSIS -- 8.9.1 Case study: SWRO pilot plant at the North Sea in the Netherlands -- 8.10 REFERENCES -- Chapter 9: Process design of reverse osmosis systems -- 9.1 INTRODUCTION -- 9.1.1 Basic data -- 9.1.2 Membrane type -- 9.2 DESIGN GUIDELINES -- 9.3 PROCESS DESIGN STEPS -- 9.3.1 Step 1 - Simplified calculation of permeate concentration -- 9.3.2 Step 2 - Calculation number of elements and pressure vessels -- 9.3.3 Step 3 - Membrane permeability coefficients for water and salt -- 9.3.3.1 Calculation of membrane permeability coefficient for water (Kw) -- 9.3.3.2 Calculation of membrane permeability coefficient for salt (Ks) -- 9.3.4 Step 4 - Preliminary calculation of feed pressure -- 9.3.5 Step 5 - Calculations of flows, recovery, and concentration polarization factor for each element -- 9.3.5.1 Calculation of the concentration polarization factor -- 9.3.6 Step 6 - Calculations of permeate quality -- 9.3.6.1 Assuming a constant salt rejection (no flux effect) -- 9.3.6.2 Salt rejection depends on the flux -- 9.3.7 Step 7 - Cross-flow velocity calculation -- 9.3.8 Step 8 - Energy consumption -- 9.3.8.1 Energy to raise the pressure of 1 m3 to 1 bar. 9.3.8.2 Without energy recovery device (ERD). |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910831826203321 |
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Schippers Jan C
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| [s.l.] : , : IWA Publishing, , 2021 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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