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Physiological and ecological adaptations to feeding in vertebrates [[electronic resource] /] / editors, J. Matthias Starck, Tobias Wang
| Physiological and ecological adaptations to feeding in vertebrates [[electronic resource] /] / editors, J. Matthias Starck, Tobias Wang |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Enfield, NH, : Science Publishers, c2005 |
| Descrizione fisica | viii, 423 p. : ill |
| Disciplina | 573.3/16 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
StarckJ. Matthias <1958->
WangTobias |
| Soggetto topico |
Digestion
Physiology, Comparative Adaptation (Biology) Animal feeding |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-281-94850-0
9786611948504 1-57808-650-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910453215203321 |
| Enfield, NH, : Science Publishers, c2005 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Physiological and ecological adaptations to feeding in vertebrates [[electronic resource] /] / editors, J. Matthias Starck, Tobias Wang
| Physiological and ecological adaptations to feeding in vertebrates [[electronic resource] /] / editors, J. Matthias Starck, Tobias Wang |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Enfield, NH, : Science Publishers, c2005 |
| Descrizione fisica | viii, 423 p. : ill |
| Disciplina | 573.3/16 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
StarckJ. Matthias <1958->
WangTobias |
| Soggetto topico |
Digestion
Physiology, Comparative Adaptation (Biology) Animal feeding |
| ISBN |
1-281-94850-0
9786611948504 1-57808-650-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910782321303321 |
| Enfield, NH, : Science Publishers, c2005 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Physiological and ecological adaptations to feeding in vertebrates / / editors, J. Matthias Starck, Tobias Wang
| Physiological and ecological adaptations to feeding in vertebrates / / editors, J. Matthias Starck, Tobias Wang |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Enfield, NH, : Science Publishers, c2005 |
| Descrizione fisica | viii, 423 p. : ill |
| Disciplina | 573.3/16 |
| Altri autori (Persone) |
StarckJ. Matthias <1958->
WangTobias |
| Soggetto topico |
Digestion
Physiology, Comparative Adaptation (Biology) Animal feeding |
| ISBN |
1-281-94850-0
9786611948504 1-57808-650-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface -- List of Contributors -- Contents -- 1. Diversity of Vertebrate Feeding Systems -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- MORPHOLOGY OF THE FEEDING APPARATUS -- OVERVIEW OF VERTEBRATE FEEDING -- Feeding Mode, Sensory Biology and Foraging Strategy -- Vertebrate Feeding Stages -- Capture/Subjugation -- Ingestion -- Intraoral Transport -- Processing -- Swallowing -- CONSEQUENCES OF FEEDING-TAXONOMIC HIGHLIGHTS -- Fishes -- Amphibians -- Nonavian Reptiles -- Birds -- Mammals -- General Patterns -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 2. Concepts of Digestive Efficiency -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- DEFINITIONS AND TERMINOLOGY -- FACTORS AFFECTING DIGESTIVE EFFICIENCY -- Dietery Effects -- Animal Effects -- Particle size and mastication -- Level of food intake -- Digestive tract capacity -- Morphological features that retard digesta flow -- Hydrolytic enzymatic activity -- Absorptive capacities -- CONCLUSION -- Acknowledgment -- REFERENCES -- 3. Carbohydrate Hydrolysis and Absorption: Lessons from Modeling Digestive Function -- SYNOPSIS -- MODELING GUT FUNCTION: LESSONS FROM NECTAR- AND FRUIT-EATING BIRDS -- Guts as Chemical Reactors -- General features of digestion models -- Morphological analogies -- Reactor Models Applied to Nectar- and Fruit-eating Birds -- Modeling from the bottom up: tractability from digestive simplicity -- Mismatch between predictions about digestive strategies and empirical data -- Second Generation Reactor Models: Gut Function in Nectar-eating Birds -- SUMMARY AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- Acknowledgements -- REFERENCES -- 4. Digestive Constraints in Mammalian and Avian Ecology -- SYNOPSIS -- DIGESTIVE CONSTRAINTS: SIGNIFICANCE AND GENERAL PRINCIPLES -- DEFINING THE LIMITS: MAGNITUDE OF OVERALL DIGESTIVE CAPACITY AND ITS MEASUREMENT IN FEEDING TRIALS.
DEFINING MECHANISMS: DIGESTIVE FEATURES THAT MIGHT LIMIT OVERALL DIGESTIVE CAPACITY -- Limited Gastrointestinal Tract Volume as a Digestive Constraint -- Limited Rate of Mechanical Breakdown as a Digestive Constraint -- Limited Rate of Biochemical Breakdown as a Digestive Constraint -- Limited Rate of Nutrient Absorption as a Digestive Constraint -- HOW QUICKLY DOES DIGESTIVE CAPACITY INCREASE? -- Long-term Digestive Capacity-How High can it Go? -- FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 5. Paracellular Intestinal Absorption of Carbohydrates in Mammals and Birds -- SYNOPSIS -- INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF CARBOHYDRATES -- Carrier-mediated Transport -- Modulation of Solute Uptake Capacities -- Nonmediated Uptake of Carbohydrates -- RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF PARACELLULAR CARBOHYDRATE UPTAKE IN MAMMALS -- ABSORPTION OF CARBOHYDRATES BY THE AVIAN INTESTINE -- Mechanistic Examinations of Paracellular Uptake -- CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 6. Mass-Balance Models for Animal Isotopic Ecology -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- STABLE ISOTOPES: TERMINOLOGY PRIMER -- Fractionation -- Terminology: Caveat -- MIXING MODELS: GUIDE FOR THE PERPLEXED -- Linear Mixing Models -- Concentration-dependent Mixing Models -- Isotopic Routing -- Macronutrient Concentration-dependent Mixing Models -- Compound Specific Isotopic Analysis: Is It a Way Out? -- DYNAMICS OF ISOTOPIC INCORPORATION -- POTENTIAL MECHANISMS BEHIND A MAGICAL NUMBER WHY DOES delta15N INCREASE WITH TROPHIC LEVEL? -- Mass-Balance Model for Body Nitrogen -- Effect of Diet Varying in Protein Content on 15Nbody-diet -- The Effect of Protein Quality on 15Nbody-diet -- Do Fasting Animals Get Heavier? Effect of Negative Nitrogen Balance on delta15N -- Are Growing Animals Lighter? Effect of Growth on delta15N. Testing and Refining Nitrogen Isotopic Composition Mass balance Models -- CONCLUDING REMARKS: ECOLOGICAL PATTERN, SEARCH FOR MECHANISTIC EXPLANATIONS, AND ROLE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGISTS -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 7. Structural Flexibility of the Digestive System of Tetrapods - Patterns and Processes at the Cellular and Tissue Level -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- BIRDS: DIGESTIVE SYSTEMS BETWEEN DIET SWITCHING, HYPERPHAGIA, AND FASTING -- Induced Changes vs Seasonal Changes -- Phenotypic Responses of the Gastrointestinal System: Patterns and Processes at the Level of Cells and Tissue -- CROCODILES -- SQUAMATES -- FROGS -- MAMMALS -- Conclusions -- COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE -- CONCLUSIONS AND OUTLOOK -- REFERENCES -- 8. Adaptive Interplay Between Feeding Ecology and Features of the Digestive Tract in Birds -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- CONSTRAINTS ON SIZE OF DIGESTIVE ORGANS -- Space -- Mass -- Energy Turnover -- CHANGING ORGAN SIZES IN GALLIFORMES, PASSERINES, WADERS, AND WATERFOWL -- Interspecific Comparisons -- Intraspecific Comparisons -- Gizzard -- Intestine -- Liver -- FLEXIBILITY OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT: DIET-RELATED VARIATIONS WITHIN RED KNOTS -- FEEDING ECOLOGY AND DIGESTIVE TRACT: COMPARISONS AMONG WADERS -- GENERAL DISCUSSION -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 9. Gastrointestinal Responses to Fasting in Mammals: Lessons from Hibernators -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- GASTROINTESTINAL RESPONSES TO FASTING IN NONHIBERNATING MAMMALS -- Morphological Changes -- Functional Changes -- GASTROINTESTINAL RESPONSES TO FASTING IN MAMMALIAN HIBERNATORS -- Morphological Changes in Hibernators -- Functional Changes in Hibernators -- Bile Production -- Gastrointestinal Motility -- Gastric Function -- Intestinal Brush Border Enzymes -- Intestinal Nutrient and Electrolyte Transport -- Urea Recycling -- Mucosal Immune System. Gastrointestinal Response to Stress during Hibernation -- ECOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF FASTING IN MAMMALIAN HIBERNATORS -- CONCLUSIONS -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 10. Interplay between Diet, Microbes, and Immune Defenses of the Gastrointestinal Tract -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- INTERACTIONS BETWEEN ANIMALS AND THEIR MICROFLORA -- COMMENSAL MICROFLORA -- GASTROINTESTINAL DEFENSES -- Physical Defenses of the Mucosal Epithelium -- Secretions -- Mucosal Immune System -- Variability in the GALT -- Functional Responses of the Intestinal Immune System -- IgA responses in the GAL T -- Cell-mediated responses -- FUTURE PERSPECTIVES -- REFERENCES -- 11. Effects of Digestion on the Respiratory and Cardiovascular Physiology of Amphibians and Reptiles -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- CHANGES IN METABOLISM DURING DIGESTION -- EFFECTS OF DIGESTION ON ACID-BASE STATUS -- Alkaline tide and its causes -- Ventilatory Compensation of the Alkaline Tide -- PARADOXICAL BEHAVIOR OF ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES DURING SDA -- CARDIOVASCULAR ADJUSTMENTS TO ELEVATED METABOLIC RATE -- Postprandial Intestinal Hyperaemia -- Increased Heart Rate and Cardiac Output During Digestion -- HEMATOLOGICAL RESPONSES AND CHANGES IN BLOOD OXYGEN AFFINITY -- INTERACTION BETWEEN DIGESTION AND OTHER PHYSIOLOGICAL STATES -- GENERAL CONCLUSIONS AND SOME PROSPECTIVES -- Acknowledgements -- REFERENCES -- 12. Specific Dynamic Action in Ectothermic Vertebrates: A Review of the Determinants of Postprandial Metabolic Response in Fishes, Amphibians, and Reptiles -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- CHARACTERIZATION OF METABOLIC RESPONSE TO FEEDING: SPECIFIC DYNAMIC ACTION -- FACTORS AFFECTING POSTPRANDIAL METABOLISM -- Meal Size Effects -- Composition of Diet -- Effects of Venom -- Scaling Effects -- Feeding Frequency Effects -- Temperature Effects. INTERACTION OF SDA AND OTHER METABOLICALLY DEMANDING ACTIVITIES -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- Acknowledgments -- REFERENCES -- 13. Control of Gut Motility and Secretion in Fasting and Fed Nonmammalian Vertebrates -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- ANATOMY OF GUT AND GUT WALL -- CONTROL SYSTEMS OF THE GUT -- Autonomic Innervation of the Gut -- Vagus -- Spinal autonomic system innervating the gut -- Enteric nervous system -- Interstitial Cells of Cajal -- Gut Hormones and Neurotransmitters Affecting Motility and Secretion -- Cholecystokinin -- Gastrin-releasing peptide -- Ghrelin -- Changes in Innervation between (prolonged) Fasting and Fed Stages in Nonmammalian Species -- Development of ENS in Relation to Onset of Feeding -- CONTROL OF GUT MOTILITY -- Motility During Fasting -- Spontaneous contractions -- Migrating motor complexes (MMCs) -- Consequences of Feeding on Gut Motility -- Reception and miking of food in the stomach -- Gastric emptying and intestinal transit -- Peristalsis of the intestine -- CONTROL OF SECRETION -- Gastric Acid Secretion -- Basal levels of gastric acid secretion -- Feeding and gastric acid Secretion -- Stimulation of acid secretion -- Pepsin/Pepsinogen Secretion -- Secretion of Bicarbonate -- CONCLUDING REMARKS -- REFERENCES -- 14. Effects of Dietary Fatty Acids on the Physiology of Environmental Adaptation in Fish -- SYNOPSIS -- INTRODUCTION -- EFFECTS OF TISSUE FA PHENOTYPE ON RESPIRATORY METABOLISM AND TOLERANCE OF HYPOXIA -- DIFFERENT LEVEL OF ORGANISMAL ORGANIZATION: EFFECTS OF TISSUE FATTY ACID PHENOTYPE ON PERFORMANCE OF THE HEART -- EFFECTS OF TISSUE FATTY ACID PHENOTYPE ON SWIMMING PERFORMANCE -- EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON OSMOREGULATORY CAPACITY -- EFFECTS OF DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON ENVIRONMENTAL TOLERANCE OF FISH LARVAE -- MECHANISMS UNDERLYING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF FATTY ACIDS. ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF DIETARY FATTY ACID AVAILABILITY FOR NATURAL FISH POPULATIONS. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910966390303321 |
| Enfield, NH, : Science Publishers, c2005 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||