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Astrophysics of the interstellar medium / / Giovanni Carraro
| Astrophysics of the interstellar medium / / Giovanni Carraro |
| Autore | Carraro Giovanni |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (361 pages) |
| Disciplina | 523.1135 |
| Collana | UNITEXT for Physics Ser. |
| Soggetto topico |
Interstellar matter
Materials science |
| ISBN | 3-030-75293-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Fundamental Equations for Ideal Fluids -- 1.1 Introduction: Fluids as Continuous Systems -- 1.2 Continuity Equation -- 1.3 Volume Forces and Surface Forces. Stresses -- 1.4 Equation of Motion (Euler Equation) for Ideal Fluids -- 1.5 Conservation of Total Energy and Thermal Energy -- 1.6 Vorticity in Ideal Fluids. Potential Motion -- 1.7 Numerical Solutions of Hydrodynamical Equations -- 1.8 Synthetic Summary -- 2 Acoustic Waves -- 2.1 Acoustic Waves in an Ideal Fluid at Rest -- 2.2 Velocity of Propagation in a Dispersive Medium -- 2.3 Acoustic Waves in a Patchy Medium at Rest -- 2.4 Acoustic Waves in a Gravity-Dominated Medium -- 2.5 Virial Theorem -- 2.6 Gravitational Collapse of a Sphere -- 2.7 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 3 Real Fluids -- 3.1 Transport Phenomena -- 3.2 Thermal Conduction -- 3.3 Internal Friction -- 3.4 Navier-Stokes Equation -- 3.5 Energy Dissipation by Internal Friction -- 3.6 Energy Balance in a Real Fluid -- 3.7 Integration of Equations for a Real Fluid -- 3.8 Case of Fluid with Low Viscosity -- 3.9 Similar Motions -- 3.10 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 4 The Interstellar Medium -- 4.1 Thermal Balance of Interstellar Gas -- 4.2 Thermodynamic State of Interstellar Gas -- 4.3 Cooling Processes -- 4.4 Heating Processes -- 4.5 Thermal Instability -- 4.6 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 5 Shock Waves -- 5.1 Supersonic Motion and Discontinuity -- 5.2 Jump Conditions -- 5.3 Shock Waves -- 5.4 Rankine-Hugoniot Conditions for an Ideal Gas -- 5.5 Shock Waves in the Interstellar Medium -- 5.6 Isothermal Shock: Schematic Discussion -- 5.7 Structure of the Relaxation Layer -- 5.8 Observability of Radiative Shocks -- 5.9 Synthetic Summary -- Reference -- 6 Turbulence -- 6.1 Experimental Aspects of Turbulence -- 6.2 Stability of Stationary Motion and Turbulence Onset.
6.3 Notes on the Statistical Description of Turbulence -- 6.4 General Characteristics of Turbulence -- 6.5 Kolmogorov's Theory -- 6.6 Turbulence of the Interstellar Medium -- 6.7 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 7 Electrodynamics and Magnetohydrodynamics -- 7.1 Plasmas. Debye Screening Length -- 7.2 Plasma Oscillations -- 7.3 A Note on Systems of Measurement Units -- 7.4 Maxwell's Equations -- 7.5 Magnetic Field Equation -- 7.6 Freezing of the Magnetic Field Lines of Force -- 7.7 The Galactic Magnetic Field: Origin and Methods of Measure -- 7.8 Synthetic Summary -- 8 Motion of a Plasma in a Magnetic Field -- 8.1 Expressions of Magnetic Force -- 8.2 Fundamental Equations of Magnetohydrodynamics -- 8.3 Motion of a Plasma with Respect to Magnetic Lines of Force -- 8.4 Virial Theorem -- 8.5 Application of the Virial Theorem -- 8.6 Ambipolar Diffusion -- 8.7 Synthetic Summary -- 9 Magnetohydrodynamic Waves -- 9.1 Classification of MHD Waves -- 9.2 Alfven Waves -- 9.3 MHD Waves: General Discussion -- 9.4 MHD Waves with Generic Propagation Direction -- 9.5 Waves with Particular Direction of Propagation -- 9.6 Alfven Waves Attenuation -- 9.7 Excitation of MHD Waves -- 9.8 Magnetohydrodynamic Shock Waves -- 9.9 Synthetic Summary -- 10 Dust from the Interstellar Medium -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 The Extinction of Radiation -- 10.3 Observational Determination of Stellar Extinction -- 10.4 The Extinction Curve of the Diffuse Medium in the Galaxy -- 10.5 Methods for Determining RV -- 10.6 The Equilibrium Temperature of the Grains -- 10.7 The Temperature of the Small Grains -- 10.8 IR Emission of Galaxies -- 10.9 Synthetic Summary -- 11 HII Regions -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Ionisation Balance -- 11.3 Energy Balance and Temperature of an HII Region -- 11.4 The Strömgren Sphere -- 11.5 Effect of Dust on the HII Region. 11.6 Evolution of the HII Region in a Homogeneous Medium -- 11.7 Classification of Ionization Fronts -- 11.8 HII Region Expansion -- 11.9 End of Expansion -- 11.10 Expansion of an HII Region in an In-Homogeneous Medium -- 11.11 Radio Frequency Emission -- 11.12 Infrared Emission -- 11.13 Calculation of the Lines of the Balmer Series -- 11.14 HII Regions Excited by a Cluster -- 11.15 Synthetic Summary -- Reference -- 12 Stellar Winds -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Classification of Winds -- 12.3 Structure and Evolution of a Bubble Produced by a Strong Wind -- 12.4 A Simplified Model for the Radiative Phase -- 12.5 Evolution in Phase D -- 12.6 Observations of the Bubbles -- 12.7 Evolution of the Bubble in an In-Homogeneous Medium -- 12.8 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 13 Supernovae Remnants -- 13.1 Supernovae -- 13.2 SNR Evolution -- 13.2.1 Expansion End -- 13.3 Expansion of a SNR in a Patchy Medium -- 13.3.1 Magnetic Field -- 13.3.2 Relativistic Particles -- 13.3.3 Spherical Symmetry -- 13.4 Models of Evolution in a Patchy Medium -- 13.5 Effects of a SNR on the Interstellar Medium -- 13.6 Superbubbles and Supershells -- 13.7 Description of some SNRs -- 13.8 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 14 The Interstellar Medium and Its Components -- 14.1 The Structure of the Interstellar Medium -- 14.2 Neutral Gas Diagnostic Techniques: The Line at 21 cm -- 14.3 The Spiral Structure of the Milky Way -- 14.4 Ionized Gas Diagnostic Techniques -- 14.4.1 Dispersion of Pulsar Signals -- 14.4.2 Recombination Optical Emission -- 14.4.3 Absorption at Low Radio Frequencies -- 14.5 The Hot Component: Coronal Gas -- 14.6 The Cold Neutral Component: The Clouds of HI. -- 14.7 The Warm Neutral Component -- 14.8 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 15 Molecular Clouds -- 15.1 Detection of Molecular Gas -- 15.2 Correlation Between CO Emission and Molecular Gas Mass. 15.3 The Distribution of H2 in the Galaxy -- 15.4 Distribution of H2 in Other Galaxies -- 15.5 Clouds Classification and Statistical Properties -- 15.6 Mechanical Equilibrium of Molecular Clouds -- 15.7 Why the Clouds Where Stars Form Are Molecular? -- 15.8 Mechanisms of Molecular Cloud Formation -- 15.8.1 Formation of Clouds by the Compression of Ambient Gas Induced by Shock Waves -- 15.8.2 Cloud Formation by Agglomeration of Smaller Clouds. -- 15.8.3 Cloud Formation Through Medium Instability -- 15.8.4 Summary -- 15.9 Synthetic Summary -- References -- 16 Star Formation -- 16.1 Observational Data Related to Star Formation -- 16.2 Star Formation in the Presence of a Magnetic Field -- 16.3 The formation of Low-Mass Stars -- 16.4 Low-Mass Star Formation Scenario -- 16.5 Observational Findings -- 16.6 Synthetic Summary. |
| Record Nr. | UNISA-996466843203316 |
Carraro Giovanni
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| Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno | ||
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Astrophysics of the Interstellar Medium / / by Giovanni Carraro
| Astrophysics of the Interstellar Medium / / by Giovanni Carraro |
| Autore | Carraro Giovanni |
| Edizione | [1st ed. 2021.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2021 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (361 pages) |
| Disciplina | 523.1135 |
| Collana | UNITEXT for Physics |
| Soggetto topico |
Soft condensed matter
Acoustics Electrodynamics Plasma confinement Plasma waves Plasma astrophysics Fluids Classical Electrodynamics Magnetic and inertial plasma confinement Waves, instabilities and nonlinear plasma dynamics Astrophysical Plasma |
| ISBN | 3-030-75293-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Fundamental equations for ideal fluids -- Acoustic waves -- Real fluids -- The interstellar medium -- Shock waves -- Turbulence -- Electrodynamics and magnetohydrodynamics -- Motion of a plasma in a magnetic field -- Magnetohydrodynamic waves -- Dust from the interstellar medium -- HII regions -- Stellar Winds -- Supernovae remnants -- The interstellar medium and its components -- Molecular Clouds -- Star formation. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910485605003321 |
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Carraro Giovanni
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| Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2021 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Astrophysics of the interstellar medium / / Walter J. Maciel ; translated by Margarida Serote Roos
| Astrophysics of the interstellar medium / / Walter J. Maciel ; translated by Margarida Serote Roos |
| Autore | Maciel W. J (Walter Junqueira) |
| Edizione | [1st ed. 2013.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | New York, NY, : Springer, c2013 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (268 p.) |
| Disciplina |
523.1/135
523.1135 |
| Soggetto topico |
Interstellar matter
Astrophysics |
| ISBN |
1-299-19717-5
1-4614-3767-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Astrophysics of the Interstellar Medium; Preface; About the Author; Contents; Chapter 1: General Overview of the Interstellar Medium; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Density of the Interstellar Medium; 1.3 The Interstellar Zoo; 1.4 Historical Sketch; 1.4.1 Bright Nebulae; 1.4.2 Dark Nebulae; 1.4.3 Diffuse Interstellar Gas; 1.5 The Oort Limit; Exercises; Bibliography; Chapter 2: The Interstellar Radiation Field; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Radio-Frequency Integrated Radiation; 2.2.1 Bremsstrahlung Radiation; 2.2.2 Synchrotron Radiation (Magnetobremsstrahlung); 2.2.3 Line Radiation
2.3 Cosmic Background Radiation2.4 Integrated Radiation Field; 2.5 Radiative Transfer; 2.5.1 Radiative Transfer Equation; 2.5.2 Transfer Equation Solution; 2.5.3 Numerical Example: Energy Density; 2.6 High-Energy Radiation; Exercises; Bibliography; Chapter 3: Spectral Line Formation; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Thermodynamic Equilibrium Equations; 3.2.1 Maxwellian Velocity Distribution Function; 3.2.2 Boltzmann Equation; 3.2.3 Saha Equation; 3.2.4 The Planck Function; 3.3 Radiative Transfer; 3.4 Einstein Coefficients; 3.4.1 Emission Coefficient; 3.4.2 Absorption Coefficient 3.4.3 Relations Between the Einstein Coefficients3.5 Spectral Line Profile; 3.5.1 Absorption Line Profile; 3.5.2 Doppler Profile; 3.5.3 Lorentz Profile; 3.5.4 Voigt Profile; 3.5.5 Integrated Absorption Cross Section; 3.5.6 Relations Between the Einstein Coefficients and the Oscillator Strength; 3.5.7 Induced Emissions; 3.6 The Source Function; Exercises; Bibliography; Chapter 4: Interstellar Emission and Absorption Lines; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Optical Recombination Lines; 4.2.1 Recombination Coefficient; 4.2.2 Recombination Line Analysis; 4.2.3 Results; 4.3 The H 21cm Emission Line 4.3.1 Introduction4.3.2 Brightness Temperature; 4.3.3 H Column Density Calculation; 4.3.4 Results; 4.4 The H 21cm Absorption Line; 4.4.1 Observations; 4.4.2 Results; 4.5 Broad Absorption Lines; 4.5.1 Broad Absorption Lines Intensity: H and H2; 4.5.2 Example: Interstellar Lyman-α Line; 4.5.3 Results; 4.5.4 Lines of Highly Ionized Elements; 4.6 Curve of Growth; 4.7 Narrow Absorption Lines; 4.7.1 Introduction; 4.7.2 Problems in the Analysis of the Curves of Growth; 4.7.3 Empirical Curve of growth; 4.7.4 Interstellar Abundances; Exercises; Bibliography Chapter 5: Excitation in the Interstellar Medium5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Statistical Equilibrium; 5.3 Collisional Excitation; 5.4 Collisional/Radiative Excitation; 5.4.1 The Statistical Equilibrium Equation; 5.4.2 Relation Between Rates gammajk and gammakj; 5.4.3 Collisional Excitation Rate; 5.4.4 Relations Between Cross Sections; 5.4.5 Cross Section and Collision Strength; 5.4.6 Relation Between Coefficients gammakj and Omega(j,k); 5.4.7 Example: O II and O III in Photoionized Nebulae; 5.4.8 Example: H Collisional Excitation in H I Regions; 5.4.9 Other Processes; 5.5 Two-Level Atoms 5.5.1 Deviation Coefficients |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910437981703321 |
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Maciel W. J (Walter Junqueira)
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| New York, NY, : Springer, c2013 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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The interstellar medium / James Lequeux ; with the collaboration of Edith Falgarone and Charles Ryter
| The interstellar medium / James Lequeux ; with the collaboration of Edith Falgarone and Charles Ryter |
| Autore | Lequeux, James |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Berlin ; New York : Springer, c2005 |
| Descrizione fisica | xvi, 437 p. : ill. (some col.) ; 25 cm |
| Disciplina | 523.1135 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | Ryter, Charles |
| Collana | Astronomy and astrophysics library, 0941-7834 |
| Soggetto topico | Interstellar matter |
| Classificazione | LC QB790 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Titolo uniforme | |
| Record Nr. | UNISALENTO-991000794969707536 |
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Lequeux, James
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| Berlin ; New York : Springer, c2005 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. del Salento | ||
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Modelling Pulsar Wind Nebulae / / edited by Diego F. Torres
| Modelling Pulsar Wind Nebulae / / edited by Diego F. Torres |
| Edizione | [1st ed. 2017.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2017 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (XI, 313 p. 121 illus., 105 illus. in color.) |
| Disciplina | 523.1135 |
| Collana | Astrophysics and Space Science Library |
| Soggetto topico |
Astrophysics
Astronomy Astronomy—Observations Mathematical physics Astrophysics and Astroparticles Astronomy, Observations and Techniques Theoretical, Mathematical and Computational Physics |
| ISBN | 3-319-63031-8 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910254587703321 |
| Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2017 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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