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Front Cover -- Half Title -- Series Information -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Foreword -- Figures -- Notes on Contributors -- Part 1 Defining the Territory of Modern Japan -- Chapter 1 Incorporation of Remote Islands into the Territory of Japan: Focusing on Iō-tō and Minami-Tori-shima -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Iō-tō -- 2.1 The Incorporation Process -- 2.2 Legal Issues -- 2.2.1 Reasons Why It Has Been Regarded as a Case of Occupation -- 2.2.2 Criteria for Distinguishing Occupation from Reaffirmation of Territory -- 3 Minami-Tori-Shima -- 3.1 The Incorporation Process -- 3.2 Legal Issues -- 3.2.1 Legal Basis for Incorporation - Three Stages -- 3.2.2 The Concept of the "Facts of So-Called Possession under International Law" -- 3.2.2.1 Occupation as an Act of the State -- 3.2.2.2 What Does "Possession Réelle" Refer to, and Does It Differ Depending on the Area in Question? -- 3.2.2.3 What Kind of Concept Is the "Facts of So-Called Possession under International Law"? -- 4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2 Ryūkyū Attribution Issue and Ernest Satow: Assessment of the Newspapers Debate between Japan and Qing and Its Background -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Scope of the Satow Memorandum and Debate on Newspapers between Japan and Qing -- 2.1 Scope of the Satow Memorandum -- 2.2 Debate on Newspapers between Japan and Qing -- 2.2.1 Ancient and Medieval History -- 2.2.2 Geographical Relations As Well As Language, Religion, Race and Customs, etc. -- 2.2.3 Medieval and Early Modern History -- 2.2.4 Summary -- 3 Assessment of the Debate on Newspapers between Japan and Qing -- 3.1 Assessment by Yamashita Shigekazu -- 3.2 Outline of the Satow Memorandum and Its Assessment -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Satow Memorandum and Summary by Satow -- 3.2.2 Assessment by the Satow Memorandum -- 3.2.3 Key Aspects of the Assessment in the Satow Memorandum.
4 Background to the Assessment by the Satow Memorandum -- 4.1 Ryūkyū Attribution Issue within International Dispute Resolution Procedures -- 4.1.1 Grant's Mediation and International Dispute Resolution Procedures -- 4.1.2 Perception of the British Legation in Japan -- 4.2 Applicability of International Law -- 4.2.1 Perception Concerning the Intent of Japan and Qing -- 4.2.2 Satow's Knowledge of International Law -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Part 2 Territorial Extensions in Modern Japan -- Chapter 3 Acquisition of "Colonies" and Legal System of Japan -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Constitution and International Law, and Sovereignty -- 2.1 Introduction of the Concept of Sovereignty -- 2.2 Existence of the Theory of National Polity -- 2.3 Sovereignty in International Law -- 2.4 Shuken (Sovereignty) and Tōchiken (Rights of Sovereignty) in the Meiji Constitution -- 3 Formation of Gaichi (Overseas Territory of Japan) and Its Concept -- 3.1 Colonial Lands (Gaichi) and Legislation -- 3.2 Cession of Taiwan -- 3.2.1 Background -- 3.2.2 Establishment of Taiwan's Legislation: Confusion over Act No. 63 -- 3.2.3 Evaluation of Act No. 63 -- 3.3 Background of the Sakhalin Cession -- 3.4 Korea -- 3.4.1 Background to the Korean Annexation -- 3.4.2 Structure of the Korea Governance Act -- 3.5 South Sea Islands -- 4 Systematization of the Laws of Gaichi and Their Problems -- 4.1 Questions Raised by Minobe Tatsukichi -- 4.2 Minobe's Theory on Constitutional Law and Gaichi -- 5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgement -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4 The Concept of Leaseholds from the Perspective of Modern Japan -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 The Subject of This Chapter -- 1.2 Prior Research -- 2 Leaseholds in China -- 3 World Theory on the Nature of Leaseholds -- 4 Modern Japan's Understanding of the Concept of Leaseholds -- 4.1 Disguised Cession Theory -- 4.1.1 Takahashi Sakue.
4.1.2 Ninagawa Arata -- 4.1.3 Other Proponents -- 4.2 Non-cession Theory -- 4.2.1 Shinoda Jisaku -- 4.2.2 Other International Law Scholars and Practitioners -- 4.2.3 Scholars of Domestic Japanese Law -- 4.3 Examination of Theory in Japan -- 4.4 Views and Actions of the Japanese Government -- 4.4.1 Statements in the Imperial Diet by Director-General of the Cabinet Legislation Bureau Okano Keijirō -- 4.4.2 Various Issues Concerning Leaseholds and Japanese Diplomacy -- 4.5 Changes around World War I -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Part 3 Intent and Time in Territorial Disputes -- Chapter 5 The Arguments Based on "Law" in Territorial Disputes -- 1 Main Subject Matter of This Chapter -- 1.1 Discussions on the Relation to the Law -- 1.2 Structure of This Chapter -- 1.3 "Validity" of the Law -- 2 Claims of a Relation to the Law - "Historic Rights" -- 2.1 "Historic Rights" -- 2.2 Relationship between International Law and Arguments That Do Not Conform with International Law -- 2.3 International Law on Historic Rights -- 2.3.1 -- 2.3.2 -- 2.4 Requirements for the Establishment of Historic Rights -- 2.4.1 -- 2.4.2 -- 2.4.3 -- 2.4.4 -- 3 Intent and Time - The Main Elements in Determining the Relationship with the Law -- 3.1 "International Law" -- 3.2 Relationship between Protests and the Temporal Element of "Critical Dates" -- 3.2.1 -- 3.2.2 -- 3.2.3 -- 3.3 Intent of Occupation and/or the Relationship between Effective Control and Protests -- 3.3.1 -- 3.3.2 -- 3.4 Absence of Protests from China Regarding Occupation and Acquisitive Prescription -- 3.4.1 -- 3.4.2 -- 3.5 Relationship between Prescription and Historic Title -- 3.5.1 -- 4 Reconsideration of the Element of the "Effect of Intent" in Territorial Disputes -- 4.1 Aspects Involving the "Effect of Intent" -- 4.2 "Consent" in the Effect of Intent -- 4.2.1 -- 4.2.2 -- 4.3 "Consent" in Territorial Disputes.
5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6 Significance of Silence in Territorial Disputes: Toward Legal Construction on "75 Years of Silence" regarding the Senkaku Islands (Pinnacle Islands) -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Judicial Practices and Theories before World War II -- 2.1 Prescription and Correlation between Prescription and Acquiescence -- 2.1.1 Theories -- 2.1.2 Judicial Practices -- 2.2 Estoppel and Correlation between Estoppel and Acquiescence -- 2.2.1 Judicial Practices -- 2.2.2 Theories -- 3 Early Judicial Practices of the International Court of Justice -- 3.1 Fisheries Case (1951) - Prescription, Etc., and Acquiescence -- 3.1.1 Overview of the Judgement -- 3.1.2 Review of the Judgement -- 3.1.3 Prescription, Etc., and Acquiescence in Theories - Deepening Confusion -- 3.2 Temple of Preah Vihear Case (Merits) (1962) - Acquiescence and Estoppel -- 3.2.1 Overview of the Judgement -- 3.2.2 Review of the Judgement -- 3.2.3 Acquiescence and Estoppel in Theories - New Confusion -- 4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7 Temporal Elements and Their Regulation in Determining Territorial Disputes: Practical Application to Territorial Disputes of Japan -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Effect of Critical Date and Intertemporal Law in Judicial Practice -- 3 Application of the Doctrine of Critical Date and Intertemporal Law Principle in Judicial Practices regarding Territorial Disputes and Its Features -- 3.1 Strict Application of the Critical Date and Court Perspective -- 3.1.1 Application of Intertemporal Law from a "Current" Perspective -- 3.1.2 Respect for Contemporaneous Title and Supplementation with Modern Concepts -- 3.2 Easing of the Critical Date Function and Intertemporal Law Principle -- 3.2.1 Consideration of Facts and Acts That Occur after Critical Date and Applicability of Intertemporal Law Principle.
3.2.2 Avoiding Designation of a Critical Date and Application of Intertemporal Law Principle -- 4 Application of Critical Date and Intertemporal Law in Territorial Issues Involving Japan -- 4.1 Significance of Critical Date and Intertemporal Law in Territorial Disputes -- 4.2 Takeshima Issue -- 4.2.1 Critical Date -- 4.2.2 Application of Intertemporal Law -- 4.3 Senkaku Islands (Diaoyu Islands) Issue -- 4.3.1 Critical Date -- 4.3.2 Application of Intertemporal Law Principle -- 4.4 Meaning of Exemption from Application of Intertemporal Law Principle in the Context of the Decolonization Process -- 5 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Part 4 Territorial Disputes in International Courts and Tribunals -- Chapter 8 Application and Evaluation of "Pre-modern/ Non-European Territorial Control" in International Courts and Tribunals -- 1 Introduction -- 2 International Judicial and Arbitral Cases Involving Pre-modern/Non-European Territorial Control -- 2.1 Eastern Greenland -- 2.2 Minquiers and Ecrehos -- 2.3 Western Sahara -- 2.4 Libya/Chad -- 2.5 Eritrea/Yemen -- 2.6 Kasikili/Sedudu Island -- 2.7 Qatar v. Bahrain -- 2.8 Cameroon v. Nigeria -- 2.9 Pulau Ligitan and Pulau Sipadan -- 2.10 Pedra Branca/Pulau Batu Puteh -- 3 Decisions on Territorial Attribution and Pre-modern/ Non-European Territorial Control -- 3.1 Purpose and/or Intent of Parties Invoking Pre-modern/ Non-European Territorial Control -- 3.2 Historic Title and Original Title -- 3.3 Responses of Courts and Tribunals - Is Pre-modern/Non-European Territorial Control Reviewed and/or Assessed? -- 4 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 9 Recognition of the Existence of Territorial Sovereignty Disputes in International Courts and Tribunals: The Use of the Coastal State Litigation before the Annex vii Arbitration of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea -- 1 Introduction.
2 Criteria for the Existence of Disputes under International Law.
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Essai sur l'ignorance / / Robert Fossaert
