| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface -- The Soils of Libya -- Highlights -- About This Book -- Contents -- Editor and Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- Abstract -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Soil-Related Challenges in Libya and Potential Solutions -- 1.2.1 Erosion -- 1.2.2 Salinity -- 1.2.3 Pollution -- 1.2.4 Climate Change -- 1.2.5 Food Security -- 1.3 Conclusions -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 2 The History of Soil Mapping and Research -- Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 History of Soil Knowledge, Education, and Research -- 2.2.1 Ancient History of Soil Knowledge -- 2.2.2 The Experience of the Italian Agricultural Settlement in Libya -- 2.2.3 Development of Education in the Field of Soil Sciences and Resources -- 2.2.4 Development of State Institutions Working in the Field of Soil and Land Mapping -- 2.2.5 Development of Soil Research in Libya -- 2.3 Soil Resources Studies and Mapping in Libya -- 2.3.1 Soil Resources Studies (Pre-1945s) -- 2.3.2 Soil Resources Studies (1945-1970) -- 2.3.3 Soil Resource Studies (1970-present) -- 2.3.3.1 Studies of Soil Resources by French GEFLI Company (1971-1978) -- 2.3.3.2 A Study of Soil Resources by Egyptian REGWA Company (1993 and 2005) -- 2.3.3.3 A Study of Soil Resources by Russian Selkhozprom Export Company (1980) -- 2.3.3.4 A Study of Soil Resources by Moroccan Telekart Company (1989) -- 2.3.3.5 Studies of Soil Resources of Candidate Areas for Agricultural Investment (1987-2007) -- 2.3.3.6 Studies of Soil Resources for the Agricultural Mapping Project in the north-western coastal areas, which has not covered by the Study of Russian Selkhozprom Export Company (National Consultative Office in corporation with in cooperation with a number of soil mapping experts at the University of Tripoli, headed by Dr. Khalid ben Mahmoud, Dr. Azzeddin R. Elhawej and Dr. Khalil Suleiman 2004-2006).
2.3.3.7 Soil Resources studies for the planting of (100) thousand hectares of irrigated wheat in southern part of Libya (2005) -- 2.3.3.8 A Study of Soil Resources by the UNDP Office in Tripoli (2002) -- 2.3.3.9 Other Soil Resources Studies -- A Study of Soil Resources by ACSAD (2005) -- Mapping of Natural Resources for Agricultural Use and Planning Project (LIB00/004) Studies (2001-2010) -- 2.4 Mapping the Soils of Libya (Available Soil Pedological and other Interpretive Soil Maps) -- 2.5 Research Projects and Achievements -- 2.5.1 Achievements in the Field of Soil Suitability Mapping -- 2.5.1.1 Mapping of Soil Suitability for Agricultural Crops Using Productivity Index Rating -- 2.5.1.2 Mapping of Soil Suitability for Agricultural Crops Using GIS Techniques -- 2.5.2 Mapping of Natural Resources for Agricultural Use and Planning Project Achievements -- 2.5.2.1 Derivation Soil and Terrain Database (SOTER) Map of Libya -- 2.5.2.2 Derivation Digital Soil Map of Libya -- 2.5.2.3 Derivation Digital Land/Vegetation Cover Map of Libya -- 2.5.2.4 Establishment Land Resource Information Management System (LRIMS) in Libya -- 2.5.3 Academic Achievements in Soil Genesis, Classification, and Mapping -- 2.6 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Soil Forming Factors and Processes -- Abstract -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Soil Forming Factors -- 3.2.1 Climate -- 3.2.1.1 Precipitation -- 3.2.1.2 Temperature -- 3.2.1.3 Relative Humidity (RH %) -- 3.2.1.4 Atmospheric Pressure and Wind -- 3.2.2 Biota (Vegetation Cover) -- 3.2.3 Relief (Topography) -- 3.2.4 Parent Materials (Geology) -- 3.2.5 Time -- 3.3 Processes of Soil Formation -- 3.3.1 Weathering Processes -- 3.3.1.1 Physical Weathering Processes -- 3.3.1.2 Chemical Weathering Processes -- 3.4 Soil Forming Processes -- 3.4.1 Specific Processes of Soil Formation.
3.4.1.1 The Processes of Adding Mineral and Organic Materials to the Soil Surface (Additions) -- 3.4.1.2 The Processes of Loss Mineral and Organic Materials from the Soil Surface (Losses) -- 3.4.1.3 Transfers of Organic and Mineral Materials Within the Soil Profile (Transformations) -- 3.4.2 Composite Processes of Soil Formation -- 3.5 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 4 Soil Classification and Properties -- Abstract -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Soil Classification Systems Used in Libya -- 4.2.1 The Russian Soil Classification System -- 4.2.2 The U.S.A Soil Classification System -- 4.3 Soil Taxonomic Units: Their Extent and Properties -- 4.3.1 Entisols -- 4.3.2 Aridisols -- 4.3.3 Alfisols -- 4.3.4 Mollisols -- 4.3.5 Inceptisols -- 4.3.6 Vertisols -- 4.4 Conclusions -- References -- 5 Major Limiting Factors Affecting Agricultural Use and Production -- Abstract -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Soil Limiting Factors -- 5.2.1 Soil Texture -- 5.2.2 Soil Depth -- 5.2.3 Depth of Water Table -- 5.2.4 Soil Salinity -- 5.2.5 Soil Sodicity -- 5.2.6 Calcium Carbonate Content -- 5.2.7 Nutrients -- 5.3 Other Constraints to Agricultural Use and Development -- 5.3.1 Climate -- 5.3.2 Water Resources -- 5.3.3 Terrain -- 5.3.4 Erosion -- 5.4 Soil Management and Future Needs -- 5.5 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Land Cover, Land Use, and Vegetation Distribution -- Abstract -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Land Cover Map -- 6.3 An Overview of the Vegetation Distribution in Libya -- 6.4 Land Distribution, Use, and Suitability -- 6.5 Crop Production and Cropping Pattern -- 6.5.1 Crop Production -- 6.5.2 Cropping Pattern -- 6.6 Forests and Shrublands -- 6.7 Conclusions -- References -- 7 Soil Microbiology and Biotechnology -- Abstract -- 7.1 Chronicle of Agricultural Education in Libya -- 7.2 Climate Diversity in Libya and Its Impact on Microbial Diversity.
7.3 Soil Bacteria in Some Regions of Libya -- 7.4 Surveying and Screening of Soil Fugal Flora in Some Regions of Libya -- 7.4.1 Mycorrhiza and Truffle -- 7.4.2 Effect of Polluted Soil on Fungi Species and Numbers -- 7.5 Benefits and Limitations of Biological Nitrogen Fixation in Libyan Soil -- 7.5.1 Pastoral Legumes Scattered in Arid and Semi-arid Regions of Libya -- 7.5.2 Challenges of the Symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation -- 7.5.3 Benefits of Non-symbiotic Nitrogen Fixation -- 7.5.4 The Effect of Pesticides on Bacteria Related to Soil Nitrogen -- 7.6 Bioremediation of Crude Oil -- 7.7 Conclusion -- Acknowledgements -- References -- 8 Land Degradation and Desertification -- Abstract -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Desertification Land Degradation and Status in Libya -- 8.2.1 Soil Erosion by Wind -- 8.2.2 Soil Erosion by Water -- 8.2.3 Loss of Nutrients -- 8.2.4 Soil and Water Pollution -- 8.2.5 Salinization -- 8.2.6 Aridification -- 8.2.7 Deforestation -- 8.3 Causes and Consequences of Desertification -- 8.3.1 Causes of Desertification -- 8.3.2 Consequences of Desertification -- 8.4 Efforts to Combat Desertification in Libya -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Index.
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Info
Environmental applications of remote sensing and GIS in Libya / / Hamdi A. Zurqani, editor
