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Chemical Technology [[electronic resource] ] : An Integral Textbook
| Chemical Technology [[electronic resource] ] : An Integral Textbook |
| Autore | Jess Andreas |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, : Wiley, 2013 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (890 p.) |
| Disciplina | 661 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | WasserscheidPeter |
| Collana | CourseSmart |
| Soggetto topico |
Chemical engineering
Chemistry, Technical Chemistry Chemical & Materials Engineering Engineering & Applied Sciences Chemical Engineering |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN |
1-299-31361-2
3-527-67062-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Chemical Technology: An Integral Textbook; Contents; Preface; Notation; 1 Introduction; 1.1 What is Chemical Technology?; 1.2 The Chemical Industry; 2 Chemical Aspects of Industrial Chemistry; 2.1 Stability and Reactivity of Chemical Bonds; 2.1.1 Factors that In.uence the Electronic Nature of Bonds and Atoms; 2.1.2 Steric Effects; 2.1.3 Classification of Reagents; 2.2 General Classification of Reactions; 2.2.1 Acid-Base Catalyzed Reactions; 2.2.2 Reactions via Free Radicals; 2.2.3 Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions; 2.2.4 Reactions via Carbocations
2.2.5 Electrophilic Substitution Reactions at Aromatic Compounds2.2.6 Electrophilic Addition Reactions; 2.2.7 Nucleophilic Addition Reactions; 2.2.8 Asymmetric Synthesis; 2.3 Catalysis; 2.3.1 Introduction and General Aspects; 2.3.2 Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Biocatalysis; 2.3.3 Production and Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts; 2.3.4 Deactivation of Catalysts; 2.3.5 Future Trends in Catalysis Research; 3 Thermal and Mechanical Unit Operations; 3.1 Properties of Gases, Liquids, and Solids; 3.1.1 Ideal and Real Gas; 3.1.2 Heat Capacities and the Joule-Thomson Effect 3.1.3 Physical Transformations of Pure Substances: Vaporization and Melting3.1.4 Transport Properties (Diffusivity, Viscosity, Heat Conduction); 3.1.4.1 Basic Equations for Transfer of Heat, Mass, and Momentum; 3.1.4.2 Transport Coefficients of Gases; 3.1.4.3 Transport Coefficients of Liquids; 3.2 Heat and Mass Transfer in Chemical Engineering; 3.2.1 Heat Transport; 3.2.1.1 Heat Conduction; 3.2.1.2 Heat Transfer by Convection (Heat Transfer Coefficients); 3.2.1.3 Boiling Heat Transfer; 3.2.1.4 Heat Transfer by Radiation; 3.2.1.5 Transient Heat Transfer by Conduction and Convection 3.2.2 Mass Transport3.2.2.1 Forced Flow in Empty Tubes and Hydrodynamic Entrance Region; 3.2.2.2 Steady-State and Transient Diffusive Mass Transfer; 3.2.2.3 Diffusion in Porous Solids; 3.3 Thermal Unit Operations; 3.3.1 Heat Exchangers (Recuperators and Regenerators); 3.3.2 Distillation; 3.3.2.1 Distillation Principles; 3.3.2.2 Design of Distillation Columns (Ideal Mixtures); 3.3.2.3 Azeotropic, Extractive, and Pressure Swing Distillation; 3.3.2.4 Reactive Distillation; 3.3.3 Absorption (Gas Scrubbing); 3.3.3.1 Absorption Principles; 3.3.3.2 Design of Absorption Columns 3.3.4 Liquid-Liquid Extraction3.3.4.1 Extraction Principles; 3.3.4.2 Design of Extraction Processes; 3.3.5 Adsorption; 3.3.5.1 Adsorption Principles; 3.3.5.2 Design of Adsorption Processes; 3.3.6 Fluid-Solid Extraction; 3.3.6.1 Principles of Fluid-Solid Extraction; 3.3.6.2 Design of Fluid-Solid Extractions; 3.3.7 Crystallization; 3.3.7.1 Ideal Binary Eutectic Phase System; 3.3.7.2 Ideal Binary Phase System with Both Solids Completely Soluble in One Another; 3.3.8 Separation by Membranes; 3.3.8.1 Principles of Membrane Separation; 3.3.8.2 Applications of Membrane Separation Processes 3.4 Mechanical Unit Operations |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910465096903321 |
Jess Andreas
|
||
| Hoboken, : Wiley, 2013 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Chemical technology [[electronic resource] ] : an integral textbook / / Andrea Jess and Peter Wasserscheid
| Chemical technology [[electronic resource] ] : an integral textbook / / Andrea Jess and Peter Wasserscheid |
| Autore | Jess Andreas |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, Germany : , : Wiley-VCH, , c2013 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xxxvii, 850 pages) : illustrations |
| Disciplina | 660 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | WasserscheidPeter |
| Soggetto topico |
Chemical engineering
Chemistry, Technical |
| ISBN |
3-527-67062-9
1-299-31361-2 |
| Classificazione |
571
660 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910795970603321 |
|
Jess Andreas
|
||
| Weinheim, Germany : , : Wiley-VCH, , c2013 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Chemical technology : an integral textbook / / Andrea Jess and Peter Wasserscheid
| Chemical technology : an integral textbook / / Andrea Jess and Peter Wasserscheid |
| Autore | Jess Andrea |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, Germany, : Wiley-VCH, c2013 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xxxvii, 850 p.) : ill |
| Disciplina | 660 |
| Altri autori (Persone) | WasserscheidPeter |
| Collana | CourseSmart |
| Soggetto topico |
Chemistry, Technical
Chemical engineering |
| ISBN |
9783527670628
3527670629 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Chemical Technology: An Integral Textbook -- Contents -- Preface -- Notation -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 What is Chemical Technology? -- 1.2 The Chemical Industry -- 2 Chemical Aspects of Industrial Chemistry -- 2.1 Stability and Reactivity of Chemical Bonds -- 2.1.1 Factors that In.uence the Electronic Nature of Bonds and Atoms -- 2.1.2 Steric Effects -- 2.1.3 Classification of Reagents -- 2.2 General Classification of Reactions -- 2.2.1 Acid-Base Catalyzed Reactions -- 2.2.2 Reactions via Free Radicals -- 2.2.3 Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions -- 2.2.4 Reactions via Carbocations -- 2.2.5 Electrophilic Substitution Reactions at Aromatic Compounds -- 2.2.6 Electrophilic Addition Reactions -- 2.2.7 Nucleophilic Addition Reactions -- 2.2.8 Asymmetric Synthesis -- 2.3 Catalysis -- 2.3.1 Introduction and General Aspects -- 2.3.2 Homogeneous, Heterogeneous, and Biocatalysis -- 2.3.3 Production and Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts -- 2.3.4 Deactivation of Catalysts -- 2.3.5 Future Trends in Catalysis Research -- 3 Thermal and Mechanical Unit Operations -- 3.1 Properties of Gases, Liquids, and Solids -- 3.1.1 Ideal and Real Gas -- 3.1.2 Heat Capacities and the Joule-Thomson Effect -- 3.1.3 Physical Transformations of Pure Substances: Vaporization and Melting -- 3.1.4 Transport Properties (Diffusivity, Viscosity, Heat Conduction) -- 3.1.4.1 Basic Equations for Transfer of Heat, Mass, and Momentum -- 3.1.4.2 Transport Coefficients of Gases -- 3.1.4.3 Transport Coefficients of Liquids -- 3.2 Heat and Mass Transfer in Chemical Engineering -- 3.2.1 Heat Transport -- 3.2.1.1 Heat Conduction -- 3.2.1.2 Heat Transfer by Convection (Heat Transfer Coefficients) -- 3.2.1.3 Boiling Heat Transfer -- 3.2.1.4 Heat Transfer by Radiation -- 3.2.1.5 Transient Heat Transfer by Conduction and Convection -- 3.2.2 Mass Transport.
3.2.2.1 Forced Flow in Empty Tubes and Hydrodynamic Entrance Region -- 3.2.2.2 Steady-State and Transient Diffusive Mass Transfer -- 3.2.2.3 Diffusion in Porous Solids -- 3.3 Thermal Unit Operations -- 3.3.1 Heat Exchangers (Recuperators and Regenerators) -- 3.3.2 Distillation -- 3.3.2.1 Distillation Principles -- 3.3.2.2 Design of Distillation Columns (Ideal Mixtures) -- 3.3.2.3 Azeotropic, Extractive, and Pressure Swing Distillation -- 3.3.2.4 Reactive Distillation -- 3.3.3 Absorption (Gas Scrubbing) -- 3.3.3.1 Absorption Principles -- 3.3.3.2 Design of Absorption Columns -- 3.3.4 Liquid-Liquid Extraction -- 3.3.4.1 Extraction Principles -- 3.3.4.2 Design of Extraction Processes -- 3.3.5 Adsorption -- 3.3.5.1 Adsorption Principles -- 3.3.5.2 Design of Adsorption Processes -- 3.3.6 Fluid-Solid Extraction -- 3.3.6.1 Principles of Fluid-Solid Extraction -- 3.3.6.2 Design of Fluid-Solid Extractions -- 3.3.7 Crystallization -- 3.3.7.1 Ideal Binary Eutectic Phase System -- 3.3.7.2 Ideal Binary Phase System with Both Solids Completely Soluble in One Another -- 3.3.8 Separation by Membranes -- 3.3.8.1 Principles of Membrane Separation -- 3.3.8.2 Applications of Membrane Separation Processes -- 3.4 Mechanical Unit Operations -- 3.4.1 Conveyance of Fluids -- 3.4.1.1 Pressure Loss in Empty Tubes -- 3.4.1.2 Pressure Loss in Fixed, Fluidized, and Entrained Beds -- 3.4.1.3 Compressors and Pumps -- 3.4.2 Contacting and Mixing of Fluids -- 3.4.3 Crushing and Screening of Solids -- 3.4.3.1 Particle Size Reduction -- 3.4.3.2 Particle Size Analysis -- 3.4.3.3 Screening and Classification of Particles (Size Separation) -- 3.4.3.4 Solid-Solid Separation (Sorting of Different Solids) -- 3.4.4 Separation of Solids from Fluids -- 3.4.4.1 Filtration -- 3.4.4.2 Separation of Solids from Fluids by Sedimentation. 3.4.4.3 Screening and Classification of Particles (Size Separation) -- 4 Chemical Reaction Engineering -- 4.1 Main Aspects and Basic Definitions of Chemical Reaction Engineering -- 4.1.1 Design Aspects and Scale-Up Dimensions of Chemical Reactors -- 4.1.2 Speed of Chemical and Biochemical Reactions -- 4.1.3 Influence of Reactor Type on Productivity -- 4.1.4 Terms used to Characterize the Composition of a Reaction Mixture -- 4.1.5 Terms used to Quantify the Result of a Chemical Conversion -- 4.1.6 Reaction Time and Residence Time -- 4.1.7 Space Velocity and Space-Time Yield -- 4.2 Chemical Thermodynamics -- 4.2.1 Introduction and Perfect Gas Equilibria -- 4.2.2 Real Gas Equilibria -- 4.2.3 Equilibrium of Liquid-Liquid Reactions -- 4.2.4 Equilibrium of Gas-Solid Reactions -- 4.2.5 Calculation of Simultaneous Equilibria -- 4.3 Kinetics of Homogeneous Reactions -- 4.3.1 Rate Equation: Influence of Temperature and Reaction Order -- 4.3.1.1 First-Order Reaction -- 4.3.1.2 Reaction of n-th Order -- 4.3.1.3 Second-Order Reaction -- 4.3.2 Parallel Reactions and Reactions in Series -- 4.3.2.1 Two Parallel First-Order Reactions -- 4.3.2.2 Two First-Order Reactions in Series -- 4.3.3 Reversible Reactions -- 4.3.4 Reactions with Varying Volume (for the Example of a Batch Reactor) -- 4.4 Kinetics of Fluid-Fluid Reactions -- 4.4.1 Mass Transfer at a Gas-Liquid Interface (Two-Film Theory) -- 4.4.2 Mass Transfer with (Slow) Homogeneous Reaction in the Bulk Phase -- 4.4.3 Mass Transfer with Fast or Instantaneous Reaction near or at the Interface -- 4.5 Kinetics of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Reactions -- 4.5.1 Spectrum of Factors Influencing the Rate of Heterogeneously Catalyzed Reactions -- 4.5.2 Chemical Reaction Rate: Surface Kinetics -- 4.5.2.1 Sorption on the Surface of Solid Catalysts -- 4.5.2.2 Rate Equations for Heterogeneously Catalyzed Surface Reactions. 4.5.3 Reaction on a Solid Catalyst and Interfacial Transport of Mass and Heat -- 4.5.3.1 Interaction of External Mass Transfer and Chemical Reaction -- 4.5.3.2 Combined Influence of External Mass and Heat Transfer on the Effective Rate -- 4.5.4 Chemical Reaction and Internal Transport of Mass and Heat -- 4.5.4.1 Pore Diffusion Resistance and Effective Reaction Rate -- 4.5.4.2 Combined Influence of Pore Diffusion and Intraparticle Heat Transport -- 4.5.5 Simultaneous Occurrence of Interfacial and Internal Mass Transport Effects -- 4.5.5.1 Irreversible First-Order Reaction -- 4.5.5.2 Reversible First-Order Reaction with the In.uence of External and Internal Mass Transfer -- 4.5.6 Influence of External and Internal Mass Transfer on Selectivity -- 4.5.6.1 Influence of External Mass Transfer on the Selectivity of Reactions in Series -- 4.5.6.2 Influence of External Mass Transfer on the Selectivity of Parallel Reactions -- 4.5.6.3 Influence of Pore Diffusion on the Selectivity of Reactions in Series -- 4.5.6.4 Influence of Pore Diffusion on the Selectivity of Parallel Reactions -- 4.6 Kinetics of Gas-Solid Reactions -- 4.6.1 Spectrum of Factors Influencing the Rate of Gas-Solid Reactions -- 4.6.2 Reaction of a Gas with a Non-porous Solid -- 4.6.2.1 Survey of Border Cases and Models for a Reaction of a Gas with a Non-porous Solid -- 4.6.2.2 Shrinking Non-porous Unreacted Core and Solid Product Layer -- 4.6.2.3 Shrinking Non-porous Unreacted Core and Gaseous Product(s) -- 4.6.3 Reaction of a Gas with a Porous Solid -- 4.6.3.1 Survey of Border Cases and Models for a Reaction of a Gas with a Porous Solid -- 4.6.3.2 Basic Equations for the Conversion of a Porous Solid with a Gaseous Reactant -- 4.6.3.3 General Closed Solution by Combined Model (Approximation) -- 4.6.3.4 Homogeneous Uniform Conversion Model (No Concentration Gradients). 4.6.3.5 Shrinking Unreacted Core Model (Rate Determined by Diffusion Through Product Layer) -- 4.7 Criteria used to Exclude Interphase and Intraparticle Mass and Heat Transport Limitations in Gas-Solid Reactions and Heterogeneously Catalyzed Reactions -- 4.7.1 External Mass Transfer Through Boundary Layer -- 4.7.2 External Heat Transfer -- 4.7.3 Internal Mass Transfer -- 4.7.4 Internal Heat Transfer -- 4.8 Kinetics of Homogeneously or Enzyme Catalyzed Reactions -- 4.8.1 Homogeneous and Enzyme Catalysis in a Single-Phase System -- 4.8.2 Homogeneous Two-Phase Catalysis -- 4.9 Kinetics of Gas-Liquid Reactions on Solid Catalysts -- 4.9.1 Introduction -- 4.9.2 High Concentration of Liquid Reactant B (or pure B) and Slightly Soluble Gas -- 4.9.3 Low Concentration of Liquid Reactant B and Highly Soluble Gas and/or High Pressure -- 4.10 Chemical Reactors -- 4.10.1 Overview of Reactor Types and their Characteristics -- 4.10.1.1 Brief Outline of Ideal and Real Reactors -- 4.10.1.2 Classi.cation of Real Reactors Based on the Mode of Operation -- 4.10.1.3 Classi.cation of Real Reactors According to the Phases -- 4.10.2 Ideal Isothermal Reactors -- 4.10.2.1 Well-Mixed (Discontinuous) Isothermal Batch Reactor -- 4.10.2.2 Continuously Operated Isothermal Ideal Tank Reactor -- 4.10.2.3 Continuously Operated Isothermal Ideal Tubular Reactor -- 4.10.2.4 Continuously Operated Isothermal Tubular Reactor with Laminar Flow -- 4.10.2.5 Continuously Operated Isothermal Cascade of Tank Reactors -- 4.10.2.6 Ideal Isothermal Tubular Recycle Reactor -- 4.10.2.7 Comparison of the Performance of Ideal Isothermal Reactors -- 4.10.3 Non-isothermal Ideal Reactors and Criteria for Prevention of Thermal Runaway -- 4.10.3.1 Well-Mixed (Discontinuously Operated) Non-isothermal Batch Reactor -- 4.10.3.2 Continuously Operated Non-isothermal Ideal Tank Reactor (CSTR). 4.10.3.3 Continuously Operated Non-isothermal Ideal Tubular Reactor. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910965348003321 |
|
Jess Andrea
|
||
| Weinheim, Germany, : Wiley-VCH, c2013 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Ionic liquids in synthesis . Volume 1 / / edited by Peter Wasserscheid and Tom Welton
| Ionic liquids in synthesis . Volume 1 / / edited by Peter Wasserscheid and Tom Welton |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, [Germany] : , : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, , 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (749 p.) |
| Disciplina | 541.39 |
| Soggetto topico |
Ionic solutions
Organic compounds - Synthesis Inorganic compounds - Synthesis |
| ISBN |
1-282-78420-X
9786612784200 3-527-62119-9 3-527-62120-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Ionic Liquids in Synthesis; Contents; Preface to the Second Edition; A Note from the Editors; Acknowledgements; List of Contributors; 1 Introduction; 2 Synthesis and Purification; 2.1 Synthesis of Ionic Liquids; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Quaternization Reactions; 2.1.3 Anion-exchange Reactions; 2.1.3.1 Lewis Acid-based Ionic Liquids; 2.1.3.2 Anion Metathesis; 2.1.4 Purification of Ionic Liquids; 2.1.5 Improving the Sustainability of Ionic Liquids; 2.1.6 Conclusions; 2.2 Quality Aspects and Other Questions Related to Commercial Ionic Liquid Production; 2.2.1 Introduction
2.2.2 Quality Aspects of Commercial Ionic Liquid Production2.2.2.1 Color; 2.2.2.2 Organic Starting Material and Other Volatiles; 2.2.2.3 Halide Impurities; 2.2.2.4 Protic Impurities; 2.2.2.5 Other Ionic Impurities from Incomplete Metathesis Reactions; 2.2.2.6 Water; 2.2.3 Upgrading the Quality of Commercial Ionic Liquids; 2.2.4 Novel, Halide-Free Ionic Liquids; 2.2.5 Scale-up of Ionic Liquid Synthesis; 2.2.6 Health, Safety and Environment; 2.2.7 Corrosion Behavior of Ionic Liquids; 2.2.8 Recycling of Ionic Liquids; 2.2.9 Future Price of Ionic Liquids 2.3 Synthesis of Task-specific Ionic Liquids2.3.1 Introduction; 2.3.2 General Synthetic Strategies; 2.3.3 Functionalized Cations; 2.3.4 Functionalized Anions; 2.3.5 Conclusion; 3 Physicochemical Properties; 3.1 Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids: Melting Points and Phase Diagrams; 3.1.1 Introduction; 3.1.2 Measurement of Liquid Range; 3.1.2.1 Melting Points; 3.1.2.2 Upper Limit - Decomposition Temperature; 3.1.3 Effect of Ion Sizes on Salt Melting Points; 3.1.3.1 Anion Size; 3.1.3.2 Mixtures of Anions; 3.1.3.3 Cation Size; 3.1.3.4 Cation Symmetry; 3.1.3.5 Imidazolium Salts 3.1.3.6 Imidazolium Substituent Alkyl Chain Length3.1.3.7 Branching; 3.1.4 Summary; 3.2 Viscosity and Density of Ionic Liquids; 3.2.1 Viscosity of Ionic Liquids; 3.2.1.1 Viscosity Measurement Methods; 3.2.1.2 Ionic Liquid Viscosities; 3.2.2 Density of Ionic Liquids; 3.2.2.1 Density Measurement; 3.2.2.2 Ionic Liquid Densities; 3.3 Solubility and Solvation in Ionic Liquids; 3.3.1 Introduction; 3.3.2 Metal Salt Solubility; 3.3.2.1 Halometallate Salts; 3.3.2.2 Metal Complexes; 3.3.3 Extraction and Separations; 3.3.4 Organic Compounds; 3.3.5 Conclusions; 3.4 Gas Solubilities in Ionic Liquids 3.4.1 Introduction3.4.2 Experimental Techniques; 3.4.2.1 Gas Solubilities and Related Thermodynamic Properties; 3.4.2.2 The Stoichiometric Technique; 3.4.2.3 The Gravimetric Technique; 3.4.2.4 Spectroscopic Techniques; 3.4.2.5 Gas Chromatography; 3.4.3 Gas Solubilities; 3.4.3.1 CO(2); 3.4.3.2 Reaction Gases (O(2), H(2), CO); 3.4.3.3 Other Gases (N(2), Ar, CH(4), C(2)H(6), C(2)H(4), H(2)O, SO(2), CHF(3), etc.); 3.4.3.4 Mixed Gases; 3.4.3.5 Enthalpies and Entropies; 3.4.4 Applications; 3.4.4.1 Reactions Involving Gases; 3.4.4.2 Gas Storage; 3.4.4.3 Gas Separations 3.4.4.4 Extraction of Solutes from Ionic Liquids with Compressed Gases or Supercritical Fluids |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910144278103321 |
| Weinheim, [Germany] : , : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, , 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Ionic liquids in synthesis / / edited by Peter Wasserscheid and Tom Welton
| Ionic liquids in synthesis / / edited by Peter Wasserscheid and Tom Welton |
| Edizione | [2nd ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Weinheim, [Germany] : , : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, , 2008 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (749 p.) |
| Disciplina | 541.39 |
| Soggetto topico |
Ionic solutions
Organic compounds - Synthesis Inorganic compounds - Synthesis |
| ISBN |
1-282-78420-X
9786612784200 3-527-62119-9 3-527-62120-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
v. 1 -- v. 2
Ionic Liquids in Synthesis; Contents; Preface to the Second Edition; A Note from the Editors; Acknowledgements; List of Contributors; 1 Introduction; 2 Synthesis and Purification; 2.1 Synthesis of Ionic Liquids; 2.1.1 Introduction; 2.1.2 Quaternization Reactions; 2.1.3 Anion-exchange Reactions; 2.1.3.1 Lewis Acid-based Ionic Liquids; 2.1.3.2 Anion Metathesis; 2.1.4 Purification of Ionic Liquids; 2.1.5 Improving the Sustainability of Ionic Liquids; 2.1.6 Conclusions; 2.2 Quality Aspects and Other Questions Related to Commercial Ionic Liquid Production; 2.2.1 Introduction 2.2.2 Quality Aspects of Commercial Ionic Liquid Production2.2.2.1 Color; 2.2.2.2 Organic Starting Material and Other Volatiles; 2.2.2.3 Halide Impurities; 2.2.2.4 Protic Impurities; 2.2.2.5 Other Ionic Impurities from Incomplete Metathesis Reactions; 2.2.2.6 Water; 2.2.3 Upgrading the Quality of Commercial Ionic Liquids; 2.2.4 Novel, Halide-Free Ionic Liquids; 2.2.5 Scale-up of Ionic Liquid Synthesis; 2.2.6 Health, Safety and Environment; 2.2.7 Corrosion Behavior of Ionic Liquids; 2.2.8 Recycling of Ionic Liquids; 2.2.9 Future Price of Ionic Liquids 2.3 Synthesis of Task-specific Ionic Liquids2.3.1 Introduction; 2.3.2 General Synthetic Strategies; 2.3.3 Functionalized Cations; 2.3.4 Functionalized Anions; 2.3.5 Conclusion; 3 Physicochemical Properties; 3.1 Physicochemical Properties of Ionic Liquids: Melting Points and Phase Diagrams; 3.1.1 Introduction; 3.1.2 Measurement of Liquid Range; 3.1.2.1 Melting Points; 3.1.2.2 Upper Limit - Decomposition Temperature; 3.1.3 Effect of Ion Sizes on Salt Melting Points; 3.1.3.1 Anion Size; 3.1.3.2 Mixtures of Anions; 3.1.3.3 Cation Size; 3.1.3.4 Cation Symmetry; 3.1.3.5 Imidazolium Salts 3.1.3.6 Imidazolium Substituent Alkyl Chain Length3.1.3.7 Branching; 3.1.4 Summary; 3.2 Viscosity and Density of Ionic Liquids; 3.2.1 Viscosity of Ionic Liquids; 3.2.1.1 Viscosity Measurement Methods; 3.2.1.2 Ionic Liquid Viscosities; 3.2.2 Density of Ionic Liquids; 3.2.2.1 Density Measurement; 3.2.2.2 Ionic Liquid Densities; 3.3 Solubility and Solvation in Ionic Liquids; 3.3.1 Introduction; 3.3.2 Metal Salt Solubility; 3.3.2.1 Halometallate Salts; 3.3.2.2 Metal Complexes; 3.3.3 Extraction and Separations; 3.3.4 Organic Compounds; 3.3.5 Conclusions; 3.4 Gas Solubilities in Ionic Liquids 3.4.1 Introduction3.4.2 Experimental Techniques; 3.4.2.1 Gas Solubilities and Related Thermodynamic Properties; 3.4.2.2 The Stoichiometric Technique; 3.4.2.3 The Gravimetric Technique; 3.4.2.4 Spectroscopic Techniques; 3.4.2.5 Gas Chromatography; 3.4.3 Gas Solubilities; 3.4.3.1 CO(2); 3.4.3.2 Reaction Gases (O(2), H(2), CO); 3.4.3.3 Other Gases (N(2), Ar, CH(4), C(2)H(6), C(2)H(4), H(2)O, SO(2), CHF(3), etc.); 3.4.3.4 Mixed Gases; 3.4.3.5 Enthalpies and Entropies; 3.4.4 Applications; 3.4.4.1 Reactions Involving Gases; 3.4.4.2 Gas Storage; 3.4.4.3 Gas Separations 3.4.4.4 Extraction of Solutes from Ionic Liquids with Compressed Gases or Supercritical Fluids |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910830296403321 |
| Weinheim, [Germany] : , : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, , 2008 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||