| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Notes on Contributors -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 The Political Economy of Central Asian Law: A Law and Society Analysis -- Introduction: Law, Society, and Governance in Central Asia -- The Volume and Structure -- Part I: International Norms and Actors -- Part II: Domestic Institutions and Legal Environments -- Part III: Meso- and Micro-Level Business Actors, Informal Institutions, and Norms -- References -- Part I International Norms and Actors -- 2 The International Anticorruption Agenda, Legal Culture, and Business Environment in Uzbekistan -- Introduction -- Methodological Considerations -- Theoretical Framework -- Multilevel Governance Framework -- Collective Action Approach -- Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index and Its Implications for the Business and Investment Climates in Uzbekistan -- Trust and the Changing Legal Culture -- Anticorruption Reviews of Legal Acts as a Preventive Measure against Legal Corruption -- Conclusions -- References -- 3 Perspectives on Introducing Corporate Criminal Liability for the Crime of Bribery in Uzbekistan -- Introduction -- Part I: Bribery in the Private Sector -- Causes and Effects -- Conceptualising Bribery and Corruption in the Uzbek Socio-Legal Context -- Methodological Considerations -- Concept of Corporate Criminal Liability -- How Does Corporate Criminal Liability Work? -- Part II: The Current State of Regulation for Corruption and Bribery in Uzbekistan -- Empirical Findings: Cases and Interviews with Representatives from the Retail and Constructions Sectors -- Part III: The Relevancy of Corporate Criminal Liability in Uzbekistan -- Why Administrative Liability Is Insufficient -- Which Mode of Corporate Criminal Liability Could Work in the Context of Uzbekistan? -- What Kinds of Challenges Might Arise? -- Conclusions.
References -- 4 International Organisations and Norm Diffusion: The Case of UNODC in Central Asia -- Introduction -- Understanding Norm Diffusion and the Role of International Organisations -- UNODC, Its Mandate, and Activities -- UNODC and the Diffusion of Norms and Standards in Central Asia -- Is 'the Shanghai Spirit' Contesting UNODC Norm Diffusion? -- Conclusions -- References -- 5 Regionalisation of International Initiatives: Case Study of the Eurasian Group on Combating Money Laundering and Financing of Terrorism (EAG) -- Introduction -- Background and Literature Review -- The Legal Status of FATF -- International Financial Regulation Under FATF -- The Theoretical Framework -- Methodology -- The Eurasian Group -- Structure -- Governance Structure (Political Society in EAG) -- Civil Society (Civil Society in EAG) -- Discussion and Conclusions -- References -- Part II Domestic Institutions and Legal Environment -- 6 Mapping Institutional Resilience: Locating Regulatory and Growth Frameworks in Central Asia -- Introduction -- Premise -- The Concept of Resilience in the Economics of Development -- Economic Resilience Through Regulation -- Methodology -- The Nexus Between Regulatory Framework and Regulatory Implementation -- Concentration of Power and a 'Top-Down' Decision-Making Approach -- Interagency Communications and the Coordination of Regulatory Implementation -- Resource Constraints in the Public Sector -- Poor Compliance and Adherence to Regulations -- Non-independent and Biased Judiciary -- Conclusions -- References -- 7 Understanding the Legal Culture in Uzbekistan Through an Analysis of Business Disputes in Economic Courts -- Introduction -- Methodology -- Socio-Legal Approaches to the Legal Culture and Legal Consciousness -- Legal Culture and Consciousness in Uzbekistan -- The Current Status of Legal Literacy in Uzbekistan.
Current Status of Economic Dispute Settlement: Mediation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, and Court Procedures -- Conclusions -- References -- 8 Promises and Commitments: The Role of Fair and Equitable Provisions and Local Foreign Direct Investment Law and Regulations in Generating Legitimate Expectations -- Introduction -- Literature Review -- Research Questions -- Methodology -- Legitimate Expectations -- Legitimate Expectations in Recent Investment Arbitration -- Direct Legitimate Expectations -- The Regulatory Framework for Indirect Legitimate Expectation and the General Application of the Law -- Legitimate Expectations in Uzbekistan -- Current Foreign Direct Investment law and Regulations in Uzbekistan -- Legitimate Expectations in Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) -- Uzbekistan Cases in Investment Arbitration -- Socio-Legal Analysis of Legitimate Expectations -- Three Conceptions from the Focus Groups Discussions -- Recommendations -- Recommendations for Generating Legitimate Indirect Expectations -- Recommendations for Generating Direct Legitimate Expectations -- Conclusions -- References -- 9 Taxation in the Digital Economy in Uzbekistan -- Introduction -- Research Aim -- Hypothesis -- Research Questions -- Methodology -- Literature Review -- Central Asia: Digital service tax obligations of non-residents in Central Asia (VAT and DST) -- Law-in-Books: Uzbekistan's Digital Taxation Legislation -- Location of Digital Services -- Defining Digital Services -- Collecting VAT Through Digital Services -- Law-in-Action: Regulation of Digital Businesses and Taxation in Uzbekistan -- Identification of Non-resident Businesses Subject to VAT -- Identification of Digital Services Subject to VAT -- Is VAT the Best Way to Tax Digital Services in Uzbekistan? -- Going Forward Under the Ever-expanding Digitalisation of the Economy and Society -- Conclusions.
References -- Part III Meso-and Micro-Level Business Actors, Informal Institutions and Norms -- 10 The Legal Issues of Opening and Running Gastronomic Entrepreneurships in Kazakhstan: A Case Study from the City of Taldykorgan -- Introduction -- Review of the Relevant Literature -- Materials and Methods -- 'Law-in-Books': Entrepreneurial legislation in the Republic of Kazakhstan -- 'Law-in-Action': Is It Easy to Open and Run a Gastronomic Business in Kazakhstan? -- Discussion and Concluding Remarks -- References -- 11 Connectedness and Inequitable Access to Formal Financing in Uzbekistan -- Introduction -- Why Enterprise Access to Bank Financing Matters for Growth -- Factors Affecting the Inequitable Distribution of Bank Financing -- Institutions, Informality, and the Allocation of Bank Financing in Uzbekistan -- Enterprise Access to Formal Financing: Some Additional Factors -- Conclusions -- References -- 12 Kusturizatsia and Dolya: Business-makingscapes and Interethnic Patronage Networks in Kyrgyzstan -- Introduction -- Sociopolitical Background -- Ethnic minorities and business-making -- Searching for Security, Part I: Countering Suyun Ömürzakov's 'Mafia' Network -- Searching for Security, Part II: Countering Corruption Through 'Dolya' (Share) -- Japarov's Governance: Kusturizatsia and Corruption -- Concluding remarks -- References -- 13 Women and Bazaars: Gendering Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan -- Introduction -- Notes on Methods, Fieldwork, and Positionality -- Theoretical Framework -- Setting the Scene: Contextualising and Gendering the Bazaars in Uzbekistan -- Tirikchilik as a Survival Strategy: Transformations in Women's Identities and Gender Dynamics in Uzbekistan's Bazaars -- Shifting Attitudes of and towards Women in Bazaars -- Bazaars as Gendered Spaces -- Navigating Gender Norms: The Complex Role of Headscarves and Ties in Bazaars.
Double Burden: An Ambivalent Struggle for Survival and Freedom -- Conclusions -- References.
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Law, Society and Corruption : Lessons from the Central Asian Context
