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Chemistry : a molecular approach / / Nivaldo J. Tro
| Chemistry : a molecular approach / / Nivaldo J. Tro |
| Autore | Tro Nivaldo J. |
| Edizione | [Fourth edition, global edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Harlow, England : , : Pearson Education, Limited, , 2017 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (1,310 pages) |
| Disciplina | 541 |
| Collana | Always Learning |
| Soggetto topico | Chemistry, Physical and theoretical |
| ISBN | 1-292-15239-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- PREFACE -- 1 Matter, Measurement, and Problem Solving -- 1.1 Atoms and Molecules -- 1.2 The Scientific Approach to Knowledge -- The Nature of Science: Thomas S. Kuhn and Scientific -- 1.3 The Classification of Matter -- The States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas -- Classifying Matter according to Its Composition: Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures -- Separating Mixtures -- 1.4 Physical and Chemical Changes and Physical and Chemical Properties -- 1.5 Energy: A Fundamental Part of Physical and Chemical Change -- 1.6 The Units of Measurement -- Standard Units -- The Meter: A Measure of Length -- The Kilogram: A Measure of Mass -- The Second: A Measure of Time -- The Kelvin: A Measure of Temperature -- Prefix Multipliers -- Derived Units: Volume and Density -- Calculating Density -- Chemistry and Medicine: Bone Density -- 1.7 The Reliability of a Measurement -- Counting Significant Figures -- Exact Numbers -- Significant Figures in Calculations -- Precision and Accuracy -- Chemistry in Your Day: Integrity in Data Gathering -- 1.8 Solving Chemical Problems -- Converting from One Unit to Another -- General Problem-Solving Strategy -- Units Raised to a Power -- Order-of-Magnitude Estimations -- Problems Involving an Equation -- CHAPTER IN REVIEW: Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- Key Learning Outcomes -- EXERCISES: Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Questions for Group Work -- Data Interpretation and Analysis -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 2 Atoms and Elements -- 2.1 Brownian Motion: Atoms Comfirmed -- 2.2 Early Ideas about the Building Blocks of Matter -- 2.3 Modern Atomic Theory and the Laws That Led to It.
The Law of Conservation of Mass -- The Law of Definite Proportions -- The Law of Multiple Proportions -- John Dalton and the Atomic Theory -- Chemistry in Your Day: Atoms and Humans -- 2.4 The Discovery of the Electron -- Cathode Rays -- Millikan's Oil Drop Experiment: The Charge of the Electron -- 2.5 The Structure of the Atom -- 2.6 Subatomic Particles: Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons in Atoms -- Elements: Defined by Their Numbers of Protons -- Isotopes: When the Number of Neutrons Varies -- Ions: Losing and Gaining Electrons -- Chemistry in Your Day: Where Did Elements Come From? -- 2.7 Finding Patterns: The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table -- Modern Periodic Table Organization -- Ions and the Periodic Table -- Chemistry and Medicine: The Elements of Life -- 2.8 Atomic Mass: The Average Mass of an Element's Atoms -- Mass Spectrometry: Measuring the Mass of Atoms and Molecules -- Chemistry in Your Day: Evolving Atomic Masses -- 2.9 Molar Mass: Counting Atoms by Weighing Them -- The Mole: A Chemist's "Dozen" -- Converting between Number of Moles and Number of Atoms -- Converting between Mass and Amount (Number of Moles) -- CHAPTER IN REVIEW: Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- Key Learning Outcomes -- EXERCISES: Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Questions for Group Work -- Data Interpretation and Analysis -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 3 Molecules, Compounds, and Chemical Equations -- 3.1 Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Water -- 3.2 Chemical Bonds -- Ionic Bonds -- Covalent Bonds -- 3.3 Representing Compounds: Chemical Formulas and Molecular Models -- Types of Chemical Formulas -- Molecular Models -- 3.4 An Atomic-Level View of Elements and Compounds -- 3.5 Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Names. Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds -- Naming Ionic Compounds -- Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal That Forms Only One Type of Cation -- Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal That Forms More Than One Kind of Cation -- Naming Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions -- Hydrated Ionic Compounds -- 3.6 Molecular Compounds: Formulas and Names -- Naming Molecular Compounds -- Naming Acids -- Naming Binary Acids -- Naming Oxyacids -- Chemistry in the Environment: Acid Rain -- 3.7 Summary of Inorganic Nomenclature -- 3.8 Formula Mass and the Mole Concept for Compounds -- Molar Mass of a Compound -- Using Molar Mass to Count Molecules by Weighing -- 3.9 Composition of Compounds -- Mass Percent Composition as a Conversion Factor -- Conversion Factors from Chemical Formulas -- Chemistry and Medicine: Methylmercury in Fish -- 3.10 Determining a Chemical Formula from Experimental Data -- Determining Molecular Formulas for Compounds -- Combustion Analysis -- 3.11 Writing and Balancing Chemical Equations -- 3.12 Organic Compounds -- Hydrocarbons -- Functionalized Hydrocarbons -- CHAPTER IN REVIEW: Self-assessment Quiz -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- Key Learning Outcomes -- EXERCISES: Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Questions for Group Work -- Data Interpretation and Analysis -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 4 Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions -- 4.1 Climate Change and the Combustion of Fossil Fuels -- 4.2 Reaction Stoichiometry: How Much Carbon Dioxide? -- Making Pizza: The Relationships among Ingredients -- Making Molecules: Mole-to-Mole Conversions -- Making Molecules: Mass-to-Mass Conversions -- 4.3 Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield. Calculating Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield -- Calculating Limiting Reactant, Theoretical Yield, and Percent Yield from Initial Reactant Masses -- 4.4 Solution Concentration and Solution Stoichiometry -- Solution Concentration -- Using Molarity in Calculations -- Solution Dilution -- Solution Stoichiometry -- 4.5 Types of Aqueous Solutions and Solubility -- Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions -- The Solubility of Ionic Compounds -- 4.6 Precipitation Reactions -- 4.7 Representing Aqueous Reactions: Molecular, Ionic, and Complete Ionic Equations -- 4.8 Acid-Base and Gas-Evolution Reactions -- Acid-Base Reactions -- Gas-Evolution Reactions -- 4.9 Oxidation-Reduction Reactions -- Oxidation States -- Identifying Redox Reactions -- Chemistry in Your Day: Bleached Blonde -- Combustion Reactions -- CHAPTER IN REVIEW: Self-assessment Quiz -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- Key Learning Outcomes -- EXERCISES: Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Questions for Group Work -- Data Interpretation and Analysis -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 5 Gases -- 5.1 Supersonic Skydiving and the Risk of Decompression -- 5.2 Pressure: The Result of Molecular Collisions -- Pressure Units -- The Manometer: A Way to Measure Pressure in the Laboratory -- Chemistry and Medicine: Blood Pressure -- 5.3 The Simple Gas Laws: Boyle's Law, Charles's Law, and Avogadro's Law -- Boyle's Law: Volume and Pressure -- Charles's Law: Volume and Temperature -- Chemistry in Your Day: Extra-Long Snorkels -- Avogadro's Law: Volume and Amount (in Moles) -- 5.4 The Ideal Gas Law -- 5.5 Applications of the Ideal Gas Law: Molar Volume, Density, and Molar Mass of a Gas -- Molar Volume at Standard Temperature and Pressure -- Density of a Gas -- Molar Mass of a Gas. 5.6 Mixtures of Gases and Partial Pressures -- Deep-Sea Diving and Partial Pressures -- Collecting Gases over Water -- 5.7 Gases in Chemical Reactions: Stoichiometry Revisited -- Molar Volume and Stoichiometry -- 5.8 Kinetic Molecular Theory: A Model for Gases -- How Kinetic Molecular Theory Explains Pressure and the Simple Gas Laws -- Kinetic Molecular Theory and the Ideal Gas Law -- Temperature and Molecular Velocities -- 5.9 Mean Free Path, Diffusion, and Effusion of Gases -- 5.10 real Gases: The Effects of Size and Intermolecular Forces -- The Effect of the Finite Volume of Gas Particles -- The Effect of Intermolecular Forces -- Van der Waals Equation -- Real Gases -- CHAPTER IN REVIEW: Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- Key Learning Outcomes -- EXERCISES: Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Questions for Group Work -- Data Interpretation and Analysis -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 6 Thermochemistry -- 6.1 Chemical Hand Warmers -- 6.2 The Nature of Energy: Key Definitions -- Types of Energy -- Energy Conservation and Energy Transfer -- Units of Energy -- 6.3 The First Law of Thermodynamics: There Is No Free Lunch -- Internal Energy -- Chemistry in Your Day: Redheffer's Perpetual Motion Machine -- Heat and Work -- 6.4 Quantifying Heat and Work -- Heat -- Work: Pressure-Volume Work -- 6.5 Measuring & -- #916 -- E for Chemical Reactions: Constant-Volume Calorimetry -- 6.6 Enthalpy: The Heat Evolved in a Chemical Reaction at Constant Pressure -- Exothermic and Endothermic Processes: A Molecular View -- Stoichiometry Involving & -- #916 -- H: Thermochemical Equations -- 6.7 Constant-Pressure Calorimetry: Measuring & -- #916 -- H[Sub(rxn)] -- 6.8 Relationships Involving & -- #916 -- H[Sub(rxn)]. 6.9 Determining Enthalpies of Reaction from Standard Enthalpies of Formation. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910154959503321 |
Tro Nivaldo J.
|
||
| Harlow, England : , : Pearson Education, Limited, , 2017 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Chemistry : structure and properties / / Nivaldo J. Tro
| Chemistry : structure and properties / / Nivaldo J. Tro |
| Autore | Tro Nivaldo J. |
| Edizione | [Global edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Boston : , : Pearson, , [2015] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (1,148 pages) : illustrations, tables |
| Disciplina | 540.76 |
| Collana | Always Learning |
| Soggetto topico | Chemistry |
| ISBN |
1-292-06134-0
1-292-07073-0 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Atoms -- 1.1 A Particulate View of the World: Structure Determines Properties -- 1.2 Classifying Matter: A Particulate View -- The States of Matter: Solid, Liquid, and Gas -- Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures -- 1.3 The Scientific Approach to Knowledge -- The Importance of Measurement in Science -- Creativity and Subjectivity in Science -- 1.4 Early Ideas about the Building Blocks of Matter -- 1.5 Modern Atomic Theory and the Laws That Led to It -- The Law of Conservation of Mass -- The Law of Definite Proportions -- The Law of Multiple Proportions -- John Dalton and the Atomic Theory -- 1.6 The Discovery of the Electron -- Cathode Rays -- Millikan's Oil Drop Experiment: The Charge of the Electron -- 1.7 The Structure of the Atom -- 1.8 Subatomic Particles: Protons, Neutrons, and Electrons -- Elements: Defined by Their Numbers of Protons -- Isotopes: When the Number of Neutrons Varies -- Ions: Losing and Gaining Electrons -- 1.9 Atomic Mass: The Average Mass of an Element's Atoms -- Mass Spectrometry: Measuring the Mass of Atoms and Molecules -- 1.10 The Origins of Atoms and Elements -- REVIEW -- Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Learning Outcomes -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- EXERCISES -- Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 2 Measurement, Problem Solving, and the Mole Concept -- 2.1 The Metric Mix-up: A 125 Million Unit Error -- 2.2 The Reliability of a Measurement -- Reporting Measurements to Reflect Certainty -- Precision and Accuracy -- 2.3 Density -- 2.4 Energy and Its Units -- The Nature of Energy -- Energy Units -- Quantifying Changes in Energy -- 2.5 Converting between Units -- 2.6 Problem-Solving Strategies -- Units Raised to a Power.
Order-of-Magnitude Estimations -- 2.7 Solving Problems Involving Equations -- 2.8 Atoms and the Mole: How Many Particles? -- The Mole: A Chemist's "Dozen" -- Converting between Number of Moles and Number of Atoms -- Converting between Mass and Amount (Number of Moles) -- REVIEW -- Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Learning Outcomes -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- EXERCISES -- Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 3 The Quantum-Mechanical Model of the Atom -- 3.1 Schrödinger's Cat -- 3.2 The Nature of Light -- The Wave Nature of Light -- The Electromagnetic Spectrum -- Interference and Diffraction -- The Particle Nature of Light -- 3.3 Atomic Spectroscopy and the Bohr Model -- Atomic Spectra -- The Bohr Model -- Atomic Spectroscopy and the Identification of Elements -- 3.4 The Wave Nature of Matter: The de Broglie Wavelength, the Uncertainty Principle, and Indeterminacy -- The de Broglie Wavelength -- The Uncertainty Principle -- Indeterminacy and Probability Distribution Maps -- 3.5 Quantum Mechanics and the Atom -- Solutions to the Schrödinger Equation for the Hydrogen Atom -- Atomic Spectroscopy Explained -- 3.6 The Shapes of Atomic Orbitals -- s Orbitals (l = 0) -- p Orbitals (l = 1) -- d Orbitals (l = 2) -- f Orbitals (l = 3) -- The Phase of Orbitals -- The Shape of Atoms -- REVIEW -- Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Learning Outcomes -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- EXERCISES -- Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 4 Periodic Properties of the Elements -- 4.1 Aluminum: Low-Density Atoms Result in Low-Density Metal. 4.2 Finding Patterns: The Periodic Law and the Periodic Table -- 4.3 Electron Configurations: How Electrons Occupy Orbitals -- Electron Spin and the Pauli Exclusion Principle -- Sublevel Energy Splitting in Multi-electron Atoms -- Electron Configurations for Multi-electron Atoms -- 4.4 Electron Configurations, Valence Electrons, and the Periodic Table -- Orbital Blocks in the Periodic Table -- Writing an Electron Configuration for an Element from Its Position in the Periodic Table -- The Transition and Inner Transition Elements -- 4.5 How the Electron Configuration of an Element Relates to Its Properties -- Metals and Nonmetals -- Families of Elements -- The Formation of Ions -- 4.6 Periodic Trends in the Size of Atoms and Effective Nuclear Charge -- Effective Nuclear Charge -- Atomic Radii and the Transition Elements -- 4.7 Ions: Electron Configurations, Magnetic Properties, Ionic Radii, and Ionization Energy -- Electron Configurations and Magnetic Properties of Ions -- Ionic Radii -- Ionization Energy -- Trends in First Ionization Energy -- Exceptions to Trends in First Ionization Energy -- Trends in Second and Successive Ionization Energies -- 4.8 Electron Affinities and Metallic Character -- Electron Affinity -- Metallic Character -- REVIEW -- Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Learning Outcomes -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- EXERCISES -- Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 5 Molecules and Compounds -- 5.1 Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Water -- 5.2 Types of Chemical Bonds -- 5.3 Representing Compounds: Chemical Formulas and Molecular Models -- Types of Chemical Formulas -- Molecular Models -- 5.4 The Lewis Model: Representing Valence Electrons with Dots -- 5.5 Ionic Bonding: The Lewis Model and Lattice Energies. Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer -- Lattice Energy: The Rest of the Story -- Ionic Bonding: Models and Reality -- 5.6 Ionic Compounds: Formulas and Names -- Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds -- Naming Ionic Compounds -- Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal That Forms Only One Type of Cation -- Naming Binary Ionic Compounds Containing a Metal That Forms More than One Kind of Cation -- Naming Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions -- Hydrated Ionic Compounds -- 5.7 Covalent Bonding: Simple Lewis Structures -- Single Covalent Bonds -- Double and Triple Covalent Bonds -- Covalent Bonding: Models and Reality -- 5.8 Molecular Compounds: Formulas and Names -- 5.9 Formula Mass and the Mole Concept for Compounds -- Molar Mass of a Compound -- Using Molar Mass to Count Molecules by Weighing -- 5.10 Composition of Compounds -- Mass Percent Composition as a Conversion Factor -- Conversion Factors from Chemical Formulas -- 5.11 Determining a Chemical Formula from Experimental Data -- Calculating Molecular Formulas for Compounds -- Combustion Analysis -- 5.12 Organic Compounds -- REVIEW -- Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Learning Outcomes -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- EXERCISES -- Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 6 Chemical Bonding I: Drawing Lewis Structures and Determining Molecular Shapes -- 6.1 Morphine: A Molecular Imposter -- 6.2 Electronegativity and Bond Polarity -- Electronegativity -- Bond Polarity, Dipole Moment, and Percent Ionic Character -- 6.3 Writing Lewis Structures for Molecular Compounds and Polyatomic Ions -- Writing Lewis Structures for Molecular Compounds -- Writing Lewis Structures for Polyatomic Ions -- 6.4 Resonance and Formal Charge -- Resonance -- Formal Charge. 6.5 Exceptions to the Octet Rule: Odd-Electron Species, Incomplete Octets, and Expanded Octets -- Odd-Electron Species -- Incomplete Octets -- Expanded Octets -- 6.6 Bond Energies and Bond Lengths -- Bond Energy -- Bond Length -- 6.7 VSEPR Theory: The Five Basic Shapes -- Two Electron Groups: Linear Geometry -- Three Electron Groups: Trigonal Planar Geometry -- Four Electron Groups: Tetrahedral Geometry -- Five Electron Groups: Trigonal Bipyramidal Geometry -- Six Electron Groups: Octahedral Geometry -- 6.8 VSEPR Theory: The Effect of Lone Pairs -- Four Electron Groups with Lone Pairs -- Five Electron Groups with Lone Pairs -- Six Electron Groups with Lone Pairs -- 6.9 VSEPR Theory: Predicting Molecular Geometries -- Representing Molecular Geometries on Paper -- Predicting the Shapes of Larger Molecules -- 6.10 Molecular Shape and Polarity -- Vector Addition -- REVIEW -- Self-Assessment Quiz -- Key Learning Outcomes -- Key Terms -- Key Concepts -- Key Equations and Relationships -- EXERCISES -- Review Questions -- Problems by Topic -- Cumulative Problems -- Challenge Problems -- Conceptual Problems -- Answers to Conceptual Connections -- 7 Chemical Bonding II: Valence Bond Theory and Molecular Orbital Theory -- 7.1 Oxygen: A Magnetic Liquid -- 7.2 Valence Bond Theory: Orbital Overlap as a Chemical Bond -- 7.3 Valence Bond Theory: Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals -- sp3 Hybridization -- sp2 Hybridization and Double Bonds -- sp Hybridization and Triple Bonds -- sp3d and sp3d2 Hybridization -- Writing Hybridization and Bonding Schemes -- 7.4 Molecular Orbital Theory: Electron Delocalization -- Linear Combination of Atomic Orbitals (LCAO) -- Second-Period Homonuclear Diatomic Molecules -- Second-Period Heteronuclear Diatomic Molecules -- 7.5 Molecular Orbital Theory: Polyatomic Molecules -- 7.6 Bonding in Metals and Semiconductors. Bonding in Metals: The Electron Sea Model. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910154773103321 |
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Tro Nivaldo J.
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| Boston : , : Pearson, , [2015] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Introductory chemistry / / Nivaldo J. Tro, Ho Yu Au-Yeung
| Introductory chemistry / / Nivaldo J. Tro, Ho Yu Au-Yeung |
| Autore | Tro Nivaldo J. |
| Edizione | [Fifth edition, Global edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Boston : , : Pearson, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (843 pages) : illustrations (some color), tables |
| Disciplina | 540 |
| Collana | Always learning |
| Soggetto topico | Chemistry |
| ISBN |
1-292-05781-5
1-292-05837-4 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910153254403321 |
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Tro Nivaldo J.
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| Boston : , : Pearson, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Principles of chemistry : a molecular approach / / Nivaldo J. Tro
| Principles of chemistry : a molecular approach / / Nivaldo J. Tro |
| Autore | Tro Nivaldo J. |
| Edizione | [Third edition, Global edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Harlow, England : , : Pearson, , [2016] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (935 pages) : color illustrations |
| Disciplina | 540 |
| Soggetto topico | Chemistry, Physical and theoretical |
| ISBN | 1-292-09730-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910154957603321 |
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Tro Nivaldo J.
|
||
| Harlow, England : , : Pearson, , [2016] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||