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Advances in Novel Formulations for Drug Delivery / / edited by Raj K. Keservani, Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani, and Anil K. Sharma
| Advances in Novel Formulations for Drug Delivery / / edited by Raj K. Keservani, Rajesh Kumar Kesharwani, and Anil K. Sharma |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Hoboken, NJ ; ; Beverly, MA : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. : , : Scrivener Publishing LLC, , [2023] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (576 pages) |
| Disciplina | 615.6 |
| Soggetto topico | Drug delivery systems |
| ISBN |
1-394-16770-9
1-394-16769-5 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- Part I: Novel Drug Carriers and Therapeutics -- Chapter 1 Nanoarchitectured Materials: Their Applications and Present Scenarios in Drug Delivery -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Liposomes -- 1.3 Nanoparticles -- 1.3.1 Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery -- 1.4 Nanoemulsions -- 1.4.1 Advantages and Shortcomings of Nanoemulsions -- 1.4.2 Application of Nanoemulsion in Drug Delivery -- 1.5 Dendrimers -- 1.5.1 Synthesis of Dendrimers -- 1.5.2 Advantages of Dendrimers -- 1.5.3 Applications of Dendrimers in Drug Delivery -- 1.6 Aquasomes -- 1.6.1 Properties of Aquasomes -- 1.6.2 Application of Aquasomes in Drug Delivery -- 1.7 Nanogel -- 1.7.1 Properties of Nanogels -- 1.7.2 Nanogels in Drug Delivery -- 1.8 Quantum Dots -- 1.8.1 Applications of Quantum Dots in Drug Delivery -- 1.9 Carbon Nanotubes -- 1.9.1 Features of Carbon Nanotubes -- 1.9.2 Carbon Nanotubes in Drug Delivery -- References -- Chapter 2 Nanopharmaceuticals for Drug Delivery -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 What Are Nanopharmaceuticals and What Do They Do? -- 2.3 Nanopharmaceuticals Importance -- 2.4 Nanotechnology -- 2.5 Pharmaceutical Companies and Nanotechnology -- 2.6 Applications and Advantages of Nanopharmaceuticals as Drug Carriers -- 2.7 Characteristics of Nanoparticles in Nanopharmaceuticals -- 2.7.1 Particle Size -- 2.7.2 Surface Properties of Nanoparticles -- 2.7.3 Drug Loading -- 2.7.4 Drug Release -- 2.8 Targeted Drug Delivery -- 2.9 Types of Nanoparticles -- 2.10 Nanoparticle Preparation Methods -- 2.11 Evaluation of Nanoparticles -- 2.12 Efficiency of Drug Entrapment -- 2.13 Particle Shape -- 2.14 Size of the Particles -- 2.15 Zeta Potential -- 2.16 Rise of Nanopharmaceuticals -- 2.17 Nanopharmaceuticals Approval Regulations (FDA Rules & -- Regulations) -- 2.18 Conclusions and Prospects for the Future -- References.
Chapter 3 Applications and Prospects of Nanopharmaceuticals Delivery -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Nanopharmaceuticals -- 3.3 Development of Nanopharmaceuticals -- 3.3.1 From Lab to the Marketplace -- 3.3.2 Techniques -- 3.3.3 Cost -- 3.3.4 Ethics -- 3.3.5 Nanopharmaceuticals Approval Regulations (FDA Rules & -- Regulations) -- 3.4 Clinical Applications of Nanotechnology -- 3.4.1 Diagnostic Applications -- 3.4.1.1 Detection -- 3.4.1.2 Protein Chips -- 3.4.1.3 Individual Target Probes -- 3.4.1.4 Nanotechnology as a Tool in Imaging -- 3.4.1.5 Sparse Cell Detection -- 3.4.2 Therapeutic Applications -- 3.4.2.1 Surfaces -- 3.4.2.2 Gene Delivery -- 3.4.2.3 Drug Delivery -- 3.4.2.4 Liposomes -- 3.4.2.5 Nanotechnology in Orthopedic Applications -- 3.4.2.6 Nanotechnology in Cardiac Therapy -- 3.4.2.7 Nanotechnology in Dental Care -- 3.4.2.8 Biomolecular Engineering -- 3.4.2.9 Biopharmaceuticals -- 3.5 Nanopharmaceuticals Delivery-Recent Applications -- 3.5.1 Nanoparticulate Systems for Vaccine -- 3.5.1.1 Polyanhydride-Based NPs -- 3.5.1.2 Biodegradable Synthetic PLGA NPs -- 3.5.1.3 Liposome-Based NPs -- 3.5.1.4 Polysaccharide-Based NPs -- 3.5.2 Chemotherapy -- 3.5.2.1 Increasing the Concentration of Chemotherapeutic Agents in Tumor Tissue -- 3.5.3 Drug/Gene Delivery -- 3.5.3.1 Nanoparticles Used in Drug Delivery System -- 3.5.3.2 Cellulose -- 3.6 Nanotechnology in Neurodegenerative Disorders Treatment -- 3.7 Future Perspective -- 3.8 Issues with Current Nanopharmaceutical Concepts -- 3.8.1 Large-Scale Manufacturing -- 3.8.2 Biological Challenges -- 3.8.3 Intellectual Property (IP) -- 3.8.4 Biocompatibility and Safety -- 3.8.5 Government Regulations -- 3.9 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 4 Nanomedicine Regulation and Future Prospects -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Importance of Regulation of Nanomedicine. 4.3 Regulatory Challenges Faced by Nanomaterial in Medicine -- 4.3.1 Performing Various Functions -- 4.3.2 Nanomedicine Classification Issues -- 4.3.3 Variation in Size of the Particle -- 4.3.4 Manufacturing Process -- 4.3.5 Difficulties to Create CQA -- 4.3.6 Nanotoxicology and Cellular Response -- 4.3.7 Administering Right Doses -- 4.3.8 Pharmacokinetics -- 4.3.9 Developing Guidelines -- 4.4 Nanomedicine Future Aspects -- 4.5 Challenges that Threaten the Future of Nanomedicine -- 4.5.1 Financial Crisis -- 4.5.2 Lack of Confidence -- 4.5.3 Potential Dangers -- 4.5.4 Unsuccessful Patenting -- 4.5.5 Breakdowns in the Pharmaceuticals and Financial Markets -- 4.5.6 Limited Regulation -- 4.6 Future Prospects for Nanomedicine -- 4.6.1 Emerging Nanomaterials -- 4.6.2 Personalized Nanomedicine -- 4.6.3 Nanorobots and Nanodevices -- 4.6.4 Orthopedic Augmentations and Cytocompatibility -- 4.6.5 Cardiology and Nanotechnology -- 4.6.6 Cancer and Nanotechnology -- 4.6.7 NAPT -- 4.6.8 Gene, Protein, Lab-on-a-Chip Devices -- 4.6.9 Polymeric Nanoparticles in Medicine -- References -- Chapter 5 Nanotechnology Application in Drug Delivery for Medicinal Plants -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Nanodrug Delivery Systems (NDDS) -- 5.2 Nanoherbals -- 5.2.1 Cucuma longa (Cucurmin) -- 5.2.2 Gingko biloba -- 5.2.3 Artemisia -- 5.2.4 Silybum marianum-Silymarin -- 5.2.5 Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) -- 5.2.6 Glycyrrhiza glabra (L.) -- 5.2.7 Camellia sinensis (Green tea) -- 5.2.8 Camptotheca acuminata -- 5.2.9 Leea indica -- 5.2.10 Ziziphus mauritiana (Malay apple) -- 5.2.11 Cuscuta chinensis -- 5.3 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Nanosystems Trends in Nutraceutical Delivery -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Classification of Nutraceuticals -- 6.3 Biopharmaceutical Issues Associated with Nutraceuticals -- 6.4 Nanosystems for Delivery of Nutraceuticals -- 6.4.1 Nanoemulsions. 6.4.2 Self-Emulsifying Systems -- 6.4.3 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Lipid Carriers -- 6.4.4 Liposomes -- 6.4.5 Polymeric Nanoparticles -- 6.4.6 Inorganic Nanoparticles -- 6.5 Challenges -- 6.6 Market Potential -- 6.7 Conclusion and Perspective -- References -- Chapter 7 Nanoencapsulated Systems for Delivery of Phytopharmaceuticals -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Nanoencapsulation Techniques in Phytopharmaceuticals -- 7.1.1.1 Physical-Chemical Techniques -- 7.1.1.2 Chemicals Techniques -- 7.1.1.3 Mechanical Techniques -- 7.1.2 Characterization of Nanoencapsulates -- 7.1.2.1 Morphological Characterization -- 7.1.2.2 Physicochemical Characterization -- 7.1.3 Nanoencapsulated Systems for Free Delivery of Phytopharmaceuticals -- 7.1.4 Studies to Evaluate Phytopharmaceuticals Nanoencapsulates -- 7.2 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 Topical Drug Delivery Using Liposomes and Liquid Crystalline Phases for Skin Cancer Therapy -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Liposomes for Topical Application -- 8.2.1 Development of Liposomal Nanoparticles -- 8.3 Liquid Crystals and Liquid Crystalline Nanodispersions for Topical Application -- 8.3.1 Characterization Techniques -- 8.4 Physical Methods Applied to Nanoparticles Delivery -- 8.4.1 Sonophoresis -- 8.4.2 Microneedles -- 8.5 Conclusions and Perspectives -- Acknowledgements -- References -- Chapter 9 Vesicular Drug Delivery in Arthritis Treatment -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Skin Penetration Pathways -- 9.2.1 Intercellular Pathway -- 9.2.2 Transcellular Pathway -- 9.2.3 Appendgeal Pathway -- 9.3 Principles of Drug Permeation Through Skin -- 9.4 Problems Associated with Conventional Dosage Forms -- 9.5 Novel Treatment Strategies for Arthritis -- 9.5.1 Traditional Liposomes as Skin Drug Delivery Systems -- 9.5.2 Transferosomes (Ultradeformable Liposomes) as Skin Drug Delivery Systems. 9.5.3 Ethosomes as Skin Drug Delivery Systems -- 9.5.4 Niosomes as Skin Drug Delivery Systems -- 9.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Chapter 10 Perspectives of Novel Drug Delivery in Mycoses -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Role of Conventional Drugs in Antifungal Therapy -- 10.3 Mechanism of Action of Conventional Antifungals -- 10.4 Summary of Nanoparticles and Their Role in Antifungal Therapy -- 10.4.1 Lipid Nanoparticles -- 10.4.2 Liposome -- 10.4.3 Transfersomes -- 10.4.4 Transethosomes -- 10.4.5 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) -- 10.4.6 Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) -- 10.4.7 Polymer Lipid Hybrid Nanoparticles (PLN) -- 10.4.8 Polymeric Nanoparticles -- 10.4.9 Microsponge and Nanosponge Systems -- 10.4.10 Polymeric Micelles -- 10.4.11 Polymersomes -- 10.4.12 Dendrimers -- 10.4.13 Metallic Nanoparticles -- 10.5 Other Drug Delivery Systems -- 10.5.1 Niosomes -- 10.5.2 Spanlastics -- 10.5.3 Microemulsions and Nanoemulsions -- 10.5.4 Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles -- 10.6 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Nano-Based Drug Delivery in Eliminating Tuberculosis -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.1.1 Latent and Active Tuberculosis -- 11.1.2 Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) -- 11.1.3 Extensively Drug-Resistant TB -- 11.2 Antitubercular Therapy -- 11.3 Therapies Based on Nanotechnology -- 11.3.1 Nanoparticles for Anti-TB Therapy -- 11.3.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Nanoparticles -- 11.3.3 Types of Nanoparticles and Their Characteristics -- 11.3.3.1 TB Dendrimers -- 11.3.3.2 Cyclodextrins -- 11.3.3.3 Polymeric Micelles -- 11.3.3.4 Liposomes -- 11.3.3.5 Nanoemulsions -- 11.3.3.6 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles -- 11.3.3.7 Niosomes -- 11.3.3.8 Polymeric Nanoparticles -- 11.4 Routes of Administration of Nanoparticles -- 11.4.1 Oral Administration of Nanoparticles -- 11.4.2 Inhalational Administration of Nanoparticles. 11.4.3 Intravenous Administration of Nanoparticles. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910677499803321 |
| Hoboken, NJ ; ; Beverly, MA : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc. : , : Scrivener Publishing LLC, , [2023] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Immunomodulators and human health / / edited by Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Raj K. Keservani, and Anil K. Sharma
| Immunomodulators and human health / / edited by Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Raj K. Keservani, and Anil K. Sharma |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (513 pages) |
| Disciplina | 343.430786606 |
| Soggetto topico | Biotechnology |
| ISBN | 981-16-6379-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Neutraceuticals and Plant Metabolites -- Nanotechnology and Cancer -- Infectious and Autoimmune Diseases -- Enzyme, Hormone, and Biomolecules -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- About the Editors -- Part I: Nutraceuticals and Plant Metabolites -- 1: Classification, Mode of Action and Uses of Various Immunomodulators -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Subtypes of Immunomodulators -- 1.2.1 Immunostimulant -- 1.2.1.1 Pharmacognostic Approaches -- 1.2.1.2 Chemistry of Phytoconstituents Used as Immunostimulants -- 1.2.1.2.1 Glycosides -- 1.2.1.2.2 Flavonoids -- 1.2.1.2.3 Coumarins -- 1.2.1.2.4 Sapogenins -- 1.2.1.2.5 Alkaloids -- 1.2.1.2.6 Thiosulphinates -- 1.2.1.2.7 Volatile Oils and Terpenoids -- 1.2.1.2.8 Polysaccharides -- 1.2.2 Immunostimulant Synthetic Drugs -- 1.2.2.1 Functions of Immunostimulants -- 1.2.2.2 Types of Immunostimulants -- 1.2.2.2.1 Levamisole (Ergamisol) -- 1.2.2.2.2 Thalidomide -- 1.2.2.3 Immunocynin -- 1.2.2.3.1 Bestatin -- 1.2.2.3.2 Bacterial Products -- 1.2.2.3.3 Recombinant Cytokines -- 1.2.2.4 Complex Carbohydrates -- 1.2.2.4.1 Glucans -- 1.2.2.4.2 Trehalose -- 1.2.2.4.3 Prebiotics -- 1.2.2.5 Immunostimulants Used in Vaccines -- 1.2.3 Immunosuppressant -- 1.2.3.1 Synthetic Drugs: Manufactured Medications -- 1.2.3.2 Immunosuppression for Organ Transplantation -- 1.2.4 Inhibitor of Lymphocyte Gene Expression -- 1.2.5 Antibodies Against Specific Immune Cell Molecules -- 1.2.5.1 Polyclonal Antibodies Antithymocyte Globulin (ATG) -- 1.2.5.1.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.5.1.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.5.1.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.5.2 Monoclonal Antibodies: Muromunab (Anti-CD3 Antibodies, OKT3) -- 1.2.5.2.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.5.2.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.5.2.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.6 Inhibitors of Immune Cell Adhesion -- 1.2.6.1 Efalizumab -- 1.2.6.1.1 Mechanism of Action.
1.2.6.1.2 Pharmacokinetics -- 1.2.6.1.3 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.7 Tolerogens or Inhibitors of Immune Cells -- 1.2.8 Inhibitors of Lymphocyte Gene Expression to Reduce Inflammatory Response -- 1.2.8.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.8.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.8.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.9 Inhibitors of Lymphocyte Signalling to Prevent Immune Cell Activation and Proliferation: Calcineurin Inhibitors -- 1.2.9.1 Cyclosporine -- 1.2.9.1.1 Pharmacokinetics -- 1.2.9.1.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.9.1.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.9.2 Tacrolimus -- 1.2.9.2.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.9.2.2 Pharmacokinetics -- 1.2.9.2.3 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.9.2.4 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.10 Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR) Inhibitors: Sirolimus -- 1.2.10.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.10.2 Pharmacokinetics -- 1.2.10.3 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.10.4 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.11 Cytotoxic Agents to Reduce Lymphocyte Proliferations -- 1.2.11.1 Antimetabolites: Azathioprine -- 1.2.11.1.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.11.1.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.11.1.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.11.2 Mycophenolate Mofetil -- 1.2.11.2.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.11.2.2 Pharmacokinetics -- 1.2.11.2.3 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.11.2.4 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.12 Alkylating Agents -- 1.2.12.1 Cyclophosphamide -- 1.2.12.1.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.12.1.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.12.1.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.13 Cytokine Inhibitors (Anticytokine Antibodies) -- 1.2.13.1 TNF-α Inhibitors -- 1.2.13.2 Etanercept -- 1.2.13.3 Infliximab -- 1.2.13.4 Adalimumab -- 1.2.14 Miscellaneous: Immunostimulants -- 1.2.14.1 Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) -- 1.2.14.1.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.14.1.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.14.1.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.14.2 Levamisole -- 1.2.14.2.1 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.14.2.2 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.14.3 Thalidomide -- 1.2.14.3.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.14.3.2 Therapeutic Uses. 1.2.14.3.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.15 Recombinant Cytokines -- 1.2.15.1 Isoprinosine -- 1.2.15.1.1 Mechanism of Action -- 1.2.15.1.2 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.15.1.3 Adverse Effects -- 1.2.15.2 Immunocynin -- 1.2.15.3 Therapeutic Uses -- 1.2.15.4 Adverse Effects -- 1.3 Conclusion -- References -- 2: Potential Role of Herbs and Spices on the Immune System -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Immunity and the Immune System -- 2.3 Spices/Herbs and Their Active Components -- 2.4 Role of Spices as Effective Immune Mediators -- 2.4.1 Turmeric -- 2.4.2 Ginger -- 2.4.3 Garlic -- 2.4.4 Black Cumin -- 2.4.5 Cinnamon -- 2.4.6 Cardamom -- 2.4.7 Fenugreek -- 2.4.8 Guduchi -- 2.4.9 Panax Notoginseng -- 2.4.10 Ashwagandha -- 2.5 Other Herbs and its Immune Response -- 2.6 Dietary Intake and Bioavailability -- 2.7 Market Share Insights of Spices/Herbs -- 2.8 Conclusion and Future Directions -- References -- 3: Immune Boosting Activity of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods -- 3.2.1 Nutraceuticals -- 3.2.2 Functional Foods -- 3.2.3 Types of Functional Foods -- 3.3 The Immune System -- 3.3.1 Innate Immunity -- 3.3.2 Adaptive Immunity -- 3.3.3 The Gut Immune System and Its Microbiota -- 3.3.4 Immunomodulation -- 3.3.4.1 Immunoadjuvants -- 3.3.4.2 Immunostimulants -- 3.3.4.3 Immunosuppressant -- 3.3.5 Modulation of Immune Function by Foods -- 3.4 Immunomodulatory Properties of Probiotics -- 3.4.1 Mechanism of Probiotics´ Action -- 3.4.2 Production of Antimicrobial Substances by Probiotics -- 3.5 Immunomodulatory Properties of Prebiotics -- 3.5.1 Mechanism of Prebiotics´ Action -- 3.6 Immunomodulatory Properties of Nutraceuticals from Selected Plants and Phytochemicals -- 3.7 Bioactive Polysaccharides -- 3.7.1 Mechanism of Action -- 3.8 Immunomodulatory Properties of Mushrooms. 3.8.1 Immunomodulatory Properties of Polysaccharopeptides Extracts from Coriolus Versicolor -- 3.8.1.1 Mechanism of Action -- 3.8.1.1.1 Induction of a Predominantly pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Profile -- 3.8.1.1.2 Effect of PSP on Immune Cell Populations -- 3.8.1.1.3 Effects on Adaptive and Innate Immune Responses -- 3.8.1.1.4 Induction of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) -- 3.9 Immunomodulatory Compounds from Microalgae -- 3.10 Immunomodulation Activity of Functional Fatty Acids -- 3.10.1 Monounsaturated Fatty Acids (MUFA) -- 3.10.2 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) -- 3.11 Conclusions -- References -- 4: Antioxidants and Immunomodulation -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Free Radical Generation -- 4.3 Antioxidants as Immunomodulators -- 4.3.1 Mechanism of Antioxidants -- 4.3.2 Classification of Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.1 Natural Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.1.1 Enzymatic Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.1.2 Nonenzymatic Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.1.3 Low-Molecular-Weight Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.1.4 High-Molecular-Weight Proteins -- 4.3.2.2 Plant-Derived Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.2.1 Medicinal Plants and Spices Having Antioxidants -- 4.3.2.3 Synthetic Antioxidants -- 4.4 Medicinal and Immunomodulatory Applications of Antioxidants -- 4.4.1 Significance of Antioxidants in Red Cells -- 4.4.2 Treatment of Acute Central Nervous System Injury Using Antioxidants -- 4.4.3 Use of Antioxidants in Cancer Therapy -- 4.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Nanotechnology and Cancer -- 5: Nanotechnology and Immunomodulators in Cancer -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Immune Cell Functions in Cancer -- 5.1.2 Immunoediting: The Response of the Immune System to Tumor Growth -- 5.1.2.1 Elimination Phase -- 5.1.2.2 Equilibrium Phase -- 5.1.2.3 Escape Phase -- 5.1.3 The Importance of TME (Cancer Immunity Phenotypes) -- 5.1.3.1 Immune-Desert Phenotype -- 5.1.3.2 Immune-Excluded Phenotype -- 5.1.3.3 Inflamed Phenotype. 5.2 Overview on Actual Immunotherapy in Cancer -- 5.2.1 Cytokines -- 5.2.2 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) -- 5.2.2.1 Mechanism of Action of Immune Checkpoints (ICs) -- 5.2.2.1.1 PD-1 -- 5.2.2.1.2 CTLA-4 -- 5.2.2.1.3 Clinical Trials with Checkpoint Inhibitors -- 5.2.2.2 New Immune Checkpoints -- 5.2.2.2.1 Co-Stimulatory Targets -- GITR and GITRL -- 4-1BB and 4-1BBL -- OX40 and OX40L -- 5.2.2.2.2 Inhibitory Targets -- LAG-3 (Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3) -- VISTA (B7-H5) -- TIM-3 -- TIGIT -- 5.2.3 Vaccines -- 5.2.4 Cellular Adoptive Immunotherapy -- 5.2.5 Mechanisms of Resistance to Immune Checkpoint Blockades in Cancer -- 5.2.5.1 Tumor-Derived Resistance -- 5.2.5.1.1 The Lack of Antigenic Proteins on the Tumor Cell Surface -- 5.2.5.1.2 Modulations and Mutations in the Oncogenic Signaling Pathway -- 5.2.5.1.3 PD-L1 Expression -- 5.2.5.2 Innate PD-1 Resistance (IPRES) -- 5.2.5.2.1 Epigenetic Modifications -- 5.2.5.2.2 Absence of Antigen Presentation -- 5.2.5.2.3 T Cell-Based Resistance -- 5.2.5.2.4 Absence of T Cells -- 5.2.5.2.5 Inhibitory Immune Checkpoints -- 5.2.5.2.6 Impaired Formation of T Cell Memory -- 5.2.5.3 Tumor Microenvironment-Determined Resistance -- 5.2.5.3.1 Immunosuppressive Cells -- 5.2.5.3.2 Immunosuppressive Molecules -- 5.2.5.3.3 Aberrant Regulation of Signaling Pathways -- 5.2.5.4 Microbiome Modulation -- 5.3 Nanotechnologies in Cancer Immunotherapy -- 5.3.1 The Value of EPR Effect in Nano-Immunotherapy -- 5.3.2 Nanoparticles Designed for Modeling Cancer Immunotherapy -- 5.3.2.1 Classification of Nanotechnologies for Cancer Immunotherapy -- 5.3.2.1.1 Polymeric Nanoparticles -- 5.3.2.1.2 PLGA -- 5.3.2.1.3 Dendrimers -- 5.3.2.1.4 Lipid Nanocarriers -- 5.3.2.1.5 Micelles -- 5.3.2.1.6 Metal NPs -- Gold Nanoparticles (AuNPs) -- Iron Oxide Nanoparticles -- 5.3.2.1.7 Inorganic Nonmetallic NPs -- Mesoporous Silica NPs (MSNs). Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs). |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910578691903321 |
| Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Re-visiting the rhizosphere eco-system for agricultural sustainability / / edited by Udai B. Singh, Jai P. Rai, and Anil K. Sharma
| Re-visiting the rhizosphere eco-system for agricultural sustainability / / edited by Udai B. Singh, Jai P. Rai, and Anil K. Sharma |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (543 pages) |
| Disciplina | 338.1 |
| Collana | Rhizosphere Biology |
| Soggetto topico |
Plants - Microbiology
Sustainable agriculture |
| ISBN | 981-19-4101-7 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910624375603321 |
| Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||