| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa |
New York : , : Nova Science Publishers, , 2009
|
| Descrizione fisica |
1 online resource (441 pages)
|
| Disciplina |
385
|
| Altri autori (Persone) |
ScottNicholas P
|
| Collana |
Transportation issues, policies and R&D series
|
| Soggetto topico |
Railroads
Railroad engineering
|
| ISBN |
1-61728-574-9
|
| Formato |
Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione |
eng
|
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION: POLICIES, TECHNOLOGY AND PERSPECTIVES -- RAILWAY TRANSPORTATION: POLICIES, TECHNOLOGY AND PERSPECTIVES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 RAILWAY INFRASTRUCTURE MARKET IN EUROPE -- Abstract -- I. Introduction -- II. The Current State of Railway Transport in Europe -- III. Combined Transport -- IV. European Legislation Review -- V. Railway Infrastructure Reformation and Management in the European Union -- VI. Railways in South-Eastern Europe -- 1. Development and State of the Railways in South-Eastern Europe -- 2. Measures for Improving the State and Efficiency of the Railways in South Eastern Europe and Opportunities for Partnership -- VII. Infratsructure Charges in EU -- 1. Basic Principles of Charging -- 2. Existing Approaches for Measuring Marginal Social Costs of the Railway Infrastructure in the EU Countries -- 3. Charging Approaches -- 4. Assessment of the Approaches -- 5. Requirements for Data Provision -- VIII. Opportunities for Internalisation of the External Costs -- IX. Key Issues for Sustainable Development of Railways in EU -- 1. Sustainability and Transport Policy -- 1.1. Economic Sustainability-Creating Incentives for Efficient Response to Needs -- 1.2. Environmental Sustainability-Promoting More Livable Settlements and Reducing External Effects -- 1.3. Social Sustainability-Reducing Poverty -- 2. Sustainability Requires Policy and Institutional Reform -- 2.1. Criteria for Strategic Development -- X. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 EXPLAINING OCCUPANCY RATES IN THE EUROPEAN RAILWAYS: A REDUCED-FORM APPROACH -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Determinants of Occupancy Rate9 -- 3. Empirical Specification and Data -- 3.1. Reduced-Form Equation -- 3.2. Explanatory Variables -- 3.3. Sample and Data -- 4. Empirical Results -- 5. Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References.
Chapter 3 RAILWAY-GENERATED MAGNETIC FIELD: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS -- Abstract -- 1. Biological Effects of Railway Magnetic Field Environment -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.2. Epidemiological Studies on Transport Employees -- 1.2.1. Malignant Diseases -- 1.2.2. Cardiovascular Diseases -- 1.3. Ulf-Elf Magnetic Field Environment -- 1.3.1. General characteristics -- 1.3.2. Natural Geomagnetic Background -- 1.3.3. Technological Fields at Power Frequencies -- 1.3.4. Railway Magnetic Fields in our Environment -- Magnetic Fields Far from Sources -- Magnetic Fields Onboard and Near Electric Trains -- 2. ULF-ELF Magnetic Field Testing of Railways -- 2.1. Instrumentation -- 2.1.1. Portable Waveform Capture System MVC-3 -- 2.1.2. Calibration and Quality Assurance Procedures -- 2.2.Onboard Measurements -- 2.2.1. Railway Facilities -- 2.2.2. Measurement Protocol -- 2.2.3.Data Organization -- 2.2.4. Measurements on Russian DC-Powered Railways -- 2.2.5.Measurements on Swiss AC-powered railways Frequency spectra. -- 3. Biologically Important Characteristics of Railway-Generated Magnetic Field -- 3.1. Plausible Mechanisms of Magnetic Field Interaction with Biological Systems -- 3.2.Magnetic Field Exposure Problem -- 3.3. Exposure Assessment Methods for Railway Magnetic Field -- 3.4. Magnetic Field Characteristics Beyond TWA -- 3.4.1. Amplitude-Frequency Dependence -- 3.4.2. Polarization Characteristics -- 3.4.3. Intermittency Characteristics -- 4. Conclusion -- Appendix -- A.1. Electromotive Forces Ψ Produced by the Time Change of Magnetic Field Intensity within the Human Body -- A.2. Induced Ψ Caused by Changes in Cross-Section of Closed Loops in the Presence of MF of Natural and Man-Made Origin -- A.3. Induced Ψ FEs in Closed Loops Caused by Changes of the Angle between the Normal to the Loop and MF Direction.
A.4. On the Resonance Interaction of Self Electromotive Forces Ψ in Closed Loops with Ψ Induced by MF of Natural and Man-Made Origin -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter4MARGINALCOSTPRICINGOFNOISEINRAILWAYINFRASTRUCTURE -- Abstract -- 1.Introduction -- 2.MarginalCostPricing -- 2.1.ExternalitiesandEconomicEfficiency -- 3.RailwayNoiseandMarginalNoise -- 3.1.NoisefromRailwayTraffic -- 3.2.TwoExamplesofMarginalNoiseCalculation -- 4.PreferenceElicitation -- 4.1.EvaluationofNoise -- 4.2.BenefitTransfer -- 4.3.FutureEvaluation -- 5.NoiseandMarginalCosts -- 5.1.MarginalNoiseCost -- 5.2.MarginalCostandInfrastructureCharge -- 5.3.ImpactPathwayApproach -- 6.SuggestionsforaChargingModel -- 7.Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5 PLANNERS, COGNITION AND THE ROUTE TOWARDS IMPROVED PLANNING SUPPORT: AN EMPIRICAL STUDY INTO THE USE OF APS'S IN THE NETHERLANDS RAILWAYS -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Problem Description -- 3. Perspectives in (Advanced) Planning Systems: A Restricted Literature Review -- 4. Experimental Design -- 4.1. Research Design -- 4.2. Subjects -- 4.3. Procedure -- 4.4. Assignments: The Problems the Planners Solved -- 5. Results -- 5.1. Simple Problem -- 5.2. Complex Problem -- 5.3. Comparison of Simple and Complex Task (N = 2) -- 5.4. Discussion -- 6. Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 REMAINING FATIGUE LIFE ESTIMATION OF EXISTING RAILWAY BRIDGES -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Available Method -- 2.1. Stress Evaluation -- 2.2. Determination of Fatigue Curve -- 2.3. Fatigue Life Estimation -- 3. Deficiencies of the Current Method -- 4. Introduction to a New Method -- 5. Proposed Remaining Fatigue Life Estimation Method -- 5.1. Stress Histories Prediction Method -- 5.2. Fatigue Criterion: New Damage Indicator-Based Sequential Law -- 5.3. Fully Known Fatigue Curve Prediction Method.
5.4. Extension of Sequential Law for Multiaxial Fatigue -- 6. Experimental Varifications -- 6.1. Verification of Damage Behavior -- 6.2. Verification of Extension of Sequential Law for Multiaxial Fatigue -- 7. Bridge Description and Prediction of Stress histories -- 7.1. Condition Survey -- 7.2. Material Testing -- 7.3. Field load Testing -- 7.4. Development of Validated Analytical Model -- 7.5. Past and Future Stress Histories -- 8. Remaining Fatigue Life Estimation Based on Primary Stresses -- 8.1. Determination of Stress Ranges -- 8.2. Determination of Wöhler Curve -- 8.3. Application of Sequential Law -- 9. Remaining Fatigue Life Estimation Based on Secondary Stresses -- 9.1. Considered Riveted Connection -- 9.2. Secondary Stress Evaluation -- 9.3. Determination of Wöhler Curve -- 9.4. Fatigue Life Evaluation -- 10. Comparisions and Discussion -- 11. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 7 MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES FOR STEEL RAILWAY BRIDGES: A CASE STUDY FROM VIETNAM -- Abstract -- Introduction -- A. Brief History of Railway Bridges in Vietnam -- Current Status of Railway Bridges in Vietnam -- General Physical and Serviceable Conditions -- Bridge Administration -- Bridge Maintenance Practice -- Bridge Management Practice -- Major Problems on Steel Railway Bridges in Vietnam -- Maintenance Strategies for Steel Railway Bridges in Vietnam -- Essential Maintenance Strategies -- Site Maintenance -- Priority Maintenance Method -- Establishing of Appropriate Inspection System -- Health Monitoring System -- Preventive Maintenance Strategies -- Early Maintenance -- Appropriation of Standards and Specifications -- Involvement of Maintenance Agencies in the Creation Stages of Bridges -- Bridge Maintenance Management System -- Conclusions -- References.
Chapter 8 NOISE AND VIBRATIONS OF RAILWAY WHEELS: GENERATION MECHANISMS AND ATTENUATION -- Abstract -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1. Railway Noise -- 2. Wheel Dynamics -- 2.1. Wheel Sound Emission -- 3. Noise Generation Mechanisms -- 3.1. Rolling Noise -- 3.2. Squeal Noise -- 3.3. Impact Noise -- 4. Investigation of Different Railway Wheels -- 4.1. Solid Wheel -- 4.2. Solid Wheel with Viscoelastic Layers -- 4.3. Resilient Wheel -- 5. Wheel-Rail Contact -- 6. Effect of Wheel Rotation -- 7. Rolling Noise under Operating Conditions -- 8. Railway Wheel Noise Attenuation -- 8.1. Passive Systems for Wheels -- 8.1.1. Damping Treatment -- 8.1.2. Wheel Shape Optimisation -- 8.1.3. Resilient Wheel -- 8.1.4. Reduced Wheel Radiation -- 8.2. Passive Systems for Tracks -- 8.2.1. Rail Pad Stiffness -- 8.2.2. Damping Treatments -- 8.3. Active Systems -- 9. Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9 TRAIN WHEEL DETECTION SYSTEMS: PRESENT TECHNOLOGIES AND FUTURE TRENDS -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Railways at Present -- Signalling Systems -- Wheel Detectors -- Wheel Detectors - General -- Main Features -- Constructive and Normative Requirements -- Problems Associated with Wheel Detectors -- Magnetic-Type Detectors -- RLC Sensors -- Variable Reluctance Sensors -- Sensors Based on Tx/Rx Coils -- Fiber Optic Detectors -- Other Detectors -- Signal Processing Applied to Wheel Train Detectors -- Future Trends -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 10 TRACK STIFFNESS CONSIDERATIONS FOR HIGH SPEED RAILWAY LINES -- Abstract -- Introduction -- Definitions -- Optimal Track Stiffness -- The Rational Design Process -- Introduction -- Traffic Characterization -- Track Condition -- Design Period -- Design Loading -- Modelling the Track Support System -- Track Foundation Properties Required for Structural Analysis -- Granular Materials -- Fine-Grained Soils.
Bilinear model.
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| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910827243303321 |
Info
Railway transportation [[electronic resource] ] : policies, technology and perspectives / / Nicholas P. Scott, editor