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Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
| Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [Second edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Amsterdam : , : Elsevier, , 2014 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (235 p.) |
| Disciplina | 620.5 |
| Collana | Micro and Nano Technologies |
| Soggetto topico |
Nanotechnology
Nanostructured materials industry |
| Soggetto genere / forma | Electronic books. |
| ISBN | 1-4557-3191-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | part I. Technology basics -- part II. Nanotechnology products -- part III. Organizing nanotechnology business -- part IV. Wider and longer-term issues. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910452385703321 |
Ramsden Jeremy
|
||
| Amsterdam : , : Elsevier, , 2014 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
| Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [Second edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Waltham, Mass. : , : William Andrew, , 2014 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xvi, 217 pages) : illustrations (some color) |
| Disciplina | 620.5 |
| Collana | Micro and Nano Technologies |
| Soggetto topico |
Nanotechnology
Nanostructured materials industry |
| ISBN | 1-4557-3191-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | part I. Technology basics -- part II. Nanotechnology products -- part III. Organizing nanotechnology business -- part IV. Wider and longer-term issues. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910790691003321 |
|
Ramsden Jeremy
|
||
| Waltham, Mass. : , : William Andrew, , 2014 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK
| Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden, University of Buckingham, Buckingham, UK |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [Second edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Waltham, Mass. : , : William Andrew, , 2014 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (xvi, 217 pages) : illustrations (some color) |
| Disciplina | 620.5 |
| Collana | Micro and Nano Technologies |
| Soggetto topico |
Nanotechnology
Nanostructured materials industry |
| ISBN | 1-4557-3191-9 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | part I. Technology basics -- part II. Nanotechnology products -- part III. Organizing nanotechnology business -- part IV. Wider and longer-term issues. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910825245103321 |
|
Ramsden Jeremy
|
||
| Waltham, Mass. : , : William Andrew, , 2014 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden
| Applied nanotechnology : the conversion of research results to products / / Jeremy J. Ramsden |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [1st ed.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Burlington, MA, : William Andrew, c2009 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (181 p.) |
| Disciplina | 620.5 |
| Collana | Micro & nano technologies |
| Soggetto topico |
Nanotechnology
Nanostructured materials industry |
| ISBN |
9786612309229
9781282309227 1282309226 9780815520245 0815520247 9780080951911 0080951910 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Front Cover; Series page; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication Page; Table of Contents; Series Editor's Preface; Preface; Part 1: Technology Basics; Chapter 1. What is Nanotechnology?; 1.1 Nanotechnology as Process; 1.2 Nanotechnology as Materials; 1.3 Nanotechnology as Materials, Devices and Systems; 1.4 Direct, Indirect and Conceptual Nanotechnology; 1.5 Nanobiotechnology and Bionanotechnology; 1.6 Nanotechnology-Toward a Definition; 1.7 The Nanoscale; 1.8 Nanoscience; Further Reading; Chapter 2. Science, Technology and Wealth; 2.1 Nanotechnology is Different
2.2 The Evolution of Technology2.3 The Nature of Wealth and Value; 2.4 The Social Value of Science; Further Reading; Chapter 3. Innovation; 3.1 The Time Course of Innovation; 3.2 Creative Destruction; 3.3 What Drives Development?; 3.4 Can Innovation be Managed?; 3.5 The Effect of Maturity; Further Reading; Chapter 4. Why Nanotechnology?; 4.1 Fabrication; 4.2 Performance; 4.3 Agile Manufacturing; Further Reading; Part 2: Nanotechnology Products; Chapter 5. The Nanotechnology Business; 5.1 Nanotechnology Statistics; 5.2 The Total Market; 5.3 The Current Situation; 5.4 Consumer Products 5.5 The Safety of Nanoproducts5.6 Geographical Distribution; 5.6.1 The fiscal environment for nanotechnology; 5.6.2 Nanotechnology in the developing world; Chapter 6. Miscellaneous Applications; 6.1 Noncarbon Materials; 6.1.1 Composites; 6.1.2 Coatings; 6.2 Carbon-Based Materials; 6.3 Ultraprecision Engineering; 6.4 Aerospace and Automotive Industries; 6.5 Catalysis; 6.6 Construction; 6.7 Energy; 6.7.1 Production; 6.7.2 Storage; 6.7.3 Lighting; 6.8 Environment; 6.9 Food; 6.10 Metrology; 6.11 Paper; 6.12 Security; 6.13 Textiles; Chapter 7. Information Technologies; 7.1 Silicon Microelectronics 7.2 Data Storage Technologies7.3 Display Technologies; 7.4 Sensing Technologies; Chapter 8. Applications to Health; 8.1 Principal Applications; 8.2 Implanted Devices; 8.3 Nanoparticle Applications; 8.4 Tissue Scaffolds; 8.5 Paramedicine; 8.6 Nanobots; 8.7 Toxicology Aspects; Further Reading; Part 3: Organizing Nanotechnology Business; Chapter 9. The Business Environment; 9.1 The Universality of Nanotechnology; 9.2 The Radical Nature of Nanotechnology; 9.3 Financing Nanotechnology; 9.4 Government Funding; 9.5 Intellectual Needs; 9.5.1 Company-University Collaboration; 9.5.2 Clusters 9.6 The Cost of Nanotechnology9.7 Companies; 9.7.1 Hyperion; 9.7.2 CDT; 9.7.3 Q-Flo; 9.7.4 Owlstone; 9.7.5 Analysis; 9.8 Temporal Evolution; 9.9 Patents and Standards; Chapter 10. Assessing Demand for Nanotechnology; 10.1 Products of Substitution; 10.2 Incrementally Improved Products; 10.3 Radically New Products; 10.4 Modeling; 10.5 Judging Innovation Value; 10.6 Anticipating Benefit; Chapter 11. Design of Nanotechnology Products; 11.1 The Challenge of Vastification; 11.2 Enhancing Traditional Design Routes; 11.3 Materials Selection; Further Reading; Part 4: Wider and Long-Term Issues Chapter 12. The Future of Nanotechnology |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9911006784903321 |
|
Ramsden Jeremy
|
||
| Burlington, MA, : William Andrew, c2009 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Bioinformatics : an introduction / / Jeremy Ramsden
| Bioinformatics : an introduction / / Jeremy Ramsden |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [Fourth edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (401 pages) |
| Disciplina | 570.285 |
| Collana | Computational biology |
| Soggetto topico | Bioinformatics |
| ISBN | 3-030-45607-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface to the Fourth Edition -- Preface to the Third Edition -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 What is Bioinformatics? -- 1.2 What Can Bioinformatics Do? -- 1.3 An Ontology of Bioinformatics -- 1.4 The Organization of This Book -- References -- Part I Overview -- 2 Genotype, Phenotype, and Environment -- References -- 3 Regulation and Control -- 3.1 The Concept of Machine -- 3.2 Regulation -- 3.3 Cybernetics -- 3.4 Adaptation -- 3.5 The Integrating Rôle of Directive Correlation -- 3.6 Timescales of Adaptation -- 3.7 The Architecture of Functional Systems -- 3.8 Autonomy and Heterarchical Architecture -- 3.9 Biological Information Processing -- References -- 4 Evolution -- 4.1 Phylogeny and Evolution -- 4.1.1 Group and Kin Selection -- 4.1.2 Models of Evolution -- 4.2 Evolutionary Systems -- 4.3 Evolutionary Computing -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks on Evolution -- References -- 5 Origins of Life and Earth Prehistory -- References -- Part II Information -- 6 The Nature of Information -- 6.1 Structure and Quantity -- 6.1.1 The Generation of Information -- 6.1.2 Conditional and Unconditional Information -- 6.1.3 Experiments and Observations -- 6.2 Constraint -- 6.2.1 The Value of Information -- 6.2.2 The Quality of Information -- 6.3 Accuracy, Meaning, and Effect -- 6.3.1 Accuracy -- 6.3.2 Meaning -- 6.3.3 Effect -- 6.3.4 Significs -- 6.4 Further Remarks on Information Generation and Reception -- 6.5 Summary -- References -- 7 The Transmission of Information -- 7.1 The Capacity of a Channel -- 7.2 Coding -- 7.3 Decoding -- 7.4 Compression -- 7.4.1 Use of Compression to Measure Distance -- 7.4.2 Ergodicity -- 7.5 Noise -- 7.6 Error Correction -- 7.7 Summary -- References -- 8 Sets and Combinatorics -- 8.1 The Notion of Set -- 8.2 Combinatorics.
8.2.1 Ordered Sampling with Replacement -- 8.2.2 Ordered Sampling Without Replacement -- 8.2.3 Unordered Sampling Without Replacement -- 8.2.4 Unordered Sampling With Replacement -- 8.3 The Binomial Theorem -- 9 Probability and Likelihood -- 9.1 The Notion of Probability -- 9.2 Fundamentals -- 9.2.1 Generalized Union -- 9.2.2 Conditional Probability -- 9.2.3 Bernoulli Trials -- 9.3 Moments of Distributions -- 9.3.1 Runs -- 9.3.2 The Hypergeometric Distribution -- 9.3.3 The Law of Large Numbers -- 9.3.4 Additive and Multiplicative Processes -- 9.4 Likelihood -- References -- 10 Statistics and Causation -- 10.1 A Brief Outline of Statistics -- 10.2 The Calculus of Causation -- References -- 11 Randomness and Complexity -- 11.1 Random Processes -- 11.2 Markov Chains -- 11.3 Random Walks -- 11.4 The Generation of Noise -- 11.5 Complexity -- 11.6 Biological Complexity -- References -- 12 Systems and Networks -- 12.1 General Systems Theory -- 12.1.1 Automata -- 12.1.2 Cellular Automata -- 12.1.3 Percolation -- 12.1.4 Systems Biology -- 12.2 Networks (Graphs) -- 12.2.1 Trees -- 12.2.2 Complexity Parameters of Networks -- 12.2.3 Dynamical Properties -- 12.3 Synergetics -- 12.4 Self-organization -- References -- 13 Useful Algorithms -- 13.1 Pattern Recognition -- 13.2 Botryology -- 13.2.1 Clustering -- 13.2.2 Principal Component and Linear Discriminant Analyses -- 13.2.3 Wavelets -- 13.3 Multidimensional Scaling and Seriation -- 13.4 Visualization -- 13.5 The Maximum Entropy Method -- References -- Part III Biology -- 14 The Nature of Living Things -- 14.1 The Cell -- 14.2 Mitochondria -- 14.3 Metabolism -- 14.4 The Cell Cycle -- 14.4.1 The Chromosome -- 14.4.2 The Structures of Genome and Genes -- 14.4.3 The C-Value Paradox -- 14.4.4 The Structure of the Chromosome -- 14.5 Cancer -- 14.6 The Immune System -- 14.7 Molecular Mechanisms -- 14.7.1 Replication. 14.7.2 Proofreading and Repair -- 14.7.3 Recombination -- 14.7.4 Summary of Sources of Genome Variation -- 14.8 Gene Expression -- 14.8.1 Transcription -- 14.8.2 Regulation of Transcription -- 14.8.3 Prokaryotic Transcriptional Regulation -- 14.8.4 Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation -- 14.8.5 mRNA Processing -- 14.8.6 Translation -- 14.9 Ontogeny (Development) -- 14.9.1 Stem cells -- 14.9.2 Epigenesis -- 14.9.3 The Epigenetic Landscape -- 14.9.4 ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/objdef Equ /Subtype /Span /ActualText (r) /StPNE pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmarkto.ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/Artifact < -- < -- /Type /Pagination> -- > -- /BDC pdfmark rps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmark ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StPop pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmark and ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/objdef Equ /Subtype /Span /ActualText (upper K) /StPNE pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmarkto.ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/Artifact < -- < -- /Type /Pagination> -- > -- /BDC pdfmark Kps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmark ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StPop pdfmark [/StBMC pdf -- 14.9.5 Homeotic Genes -- References -- Chapter15TheMoleculesofLife -- 15.1MoleculesandSupramolecularStructure -- 15.1MoleculesandSupramolecularStructure -- thletterofthealphabet.Thenextstageofcomplexityistoconsidermolecules(Table15.2)andmacromolecules(Table15.3).Thisisstillhighlyreductionist,however,itcorrespondstocalculatingShannonentropyfromthevocabularyofMacbeth.Wordsare,however,groupedintosentences,which,inturn,arearrangedintoparagraphs.Thecellisanalogouslyhighlystructured-moleculesaregroupedintosupramolecularcomplexes,which,inturn,areassembledintoorganelles.Thisstructure,someofwhichisvisibleintheopticalmicroscope,butwhichmostlyneedsthehigherre -- . -- 15.1MoleculesandSupramolecularStructure -- Element -- 500 -- Notypes -- Element -- 1600 -- H -- Element -- . -- 15.2Water -- 10nm -- . -- Density -- . -- . -- 15.3DNA -- . -- TheO-Hinfraredspectrum(ofHODinliquidD. Bondedandnonbondedionsareinequilibrium: -- atroomtemperatureorabout2.4kJ/mol) -- . -- Fig.15.2PolymerizedDNA.Theso-called -- Fig.15.2PolymerizedDNA.Theso-called -- endisatthelowerright(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei) -- to -- Fig.15.2PolymerizedDNA.Theso-called -- Fig.15.3Thehydrogen-bondingpatternsofcomplementarybases(thymine[T],adenine[A],gua-nine[G],cytosine[C],movingroundclockwisefromtheupperleft)(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei).InRNA,uracil(U)replacesthymine(i.e.,themethylgrouponthebaseisreplacedbyhydrogen)andtheribosehasahydroxylgroup.ThelowerpairisdenotedbyCpG(Sect.14.8.4) -- Fig.15.3Thehydrogen-bondingpatternsofcomplementarybases(thymine[T],adenine[A],gua-nine[G],cytosine[C],movingroundclockwisefromtheupperleft)(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei).InRNA,uracil(U)replacesthymine(i.e.,themethylgrouponthebaseisreplacedbyhydrogen)andtheribosehasahydroxylgroup.ThelowerpairisdenotedbyCpG(Sect.14.8.4) -- . -- Asexpectedfromtheiraromaticstructure,thebasesareplanar.Figure15.4showstheformationofthedoublehelix.Thegenesofmostorganismsareformedbysuchadoublehelix.ThemeltingoftheH-bondsasthetemperatureisraisedishighly coöperative(duetotherepulsiveelectrostaticforcebetweenthechargedphosphategroups).Onaverage,theseparationintosinglestrandedDNAoccursatabout80 -- Fig.15.3Thehydrogen-bondingpatternsofcomplementarybases(thymine[T],adenine[A],gua-nine[G],cytosine[C],movingroundclockwisefromtheupperleft)(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei).InRNA,uracil(U)replacesthymine(i.e.,themethylgrouponthebaseisreplacedbyhydrogen)andtheribosehasahydroxylgroup.ThelowerpairisdenotedbyCpG(Sect.14.8.4) -- Table15.5summarizessomesigni cantdiscoveriesrelatingtoDNA. -- Discoveryorevent -- Example:UCSCGenomeBrowser -- Crick -- Discoveryorevent. Atetranucleotidestructureelucidated -- 1944 -- Principalworker(s) -- Discoveryorevent -- where -- (15.4) -- isBoltz-mann'sconstant,and -- . -- 15.4RNA -- . -- 15.4RNA -- .Theconceptcanbeillustratedbyfocusingonloopclo-sure,consideredtobethemostimportantfoldingevent.Thepotentialenergyistheenthalpy(i.e.,thenumber -- RNAhas vemainfunctions:asamessenger(mRNA),actingasanintermediaryinproteinsynthesis -- asanenzyme(ribozymes) -- aspart(about60%byweight,therestbeingprotein)oftheribosome(rRNA) -- asthecarrierfortransferringaminoacidstothegrowingpolypeptidechainsynthesizedattheribosome(tRNA) -- andasamodulatorofDNA4andmRNAinteractions-smallinterferingRNA(siRNA -- seeSect.14.8.4). -- 15.4RNA -- Fig.15.5ApieceofRNA(fromtheQ -- Fig.15.5ApieceofRNA(fromtheQ -- 15.5Proteins -- Globularproteins -- Fig.15.5ApieceofRNA(fromtheQ -- whichmaybeverylarge,suchthattheyformgelsbyentanglement.Thepolypeptidebackboneisextensivelydecoratedwithrelativelyshortpolysac-charides.Typicallytheyactaslubricantsandengulfers(example:mucin) -- -- . -- . -- whichmaybeverylarge,suchthattheyformgelsbyentanglement.Thepolypeptidebackboneisextensivelydecoratedwithrelativelyshortpolysac-charides.Typicallytheyactaslubricantsandengulfers(example:mucin) -- -- . -- whicharealsoglobular,butpermanentlyembedded(transversally)inalipidbilayermembrane.Theymainlyfunctionaschannels,energyandsignaltransducers,andmotors(examples:ATPase,bacteriorhodopsin,andporin). -- whichmaybeverylarge,suchthattheyformgelsbyentanglement.Thepolypeptidebackboneisextensivelydecoratedwithrelativelyshortpolysac-charides.Typicallytheyactaslubricantsandengulfers(example:mucin) -- -- . -- 4.4 -- . -- . -- denotesabenzenering.Squarebracketsdenotearingstructure -- . -- Fig.15.6Hydrogen-bondingcapabilitiesofthepeptidebackboneandthepolarresidues(afterBakerandHubbard).Residuesnotshownareincapableofhydrogenbondformation. Fig.15.6Hydrogen-bondingcapabilitiesofthepeptidebackboneandthepolarresidues(afterBakerandHubbard).Residuesnotshownareincapableofhydrogenbondformation. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910746070703321 |
|
Ramsden Jeremy
|
||
| Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Bioinformatics : an introduction / / Jeremy Ramsden
| Bioinformatics : an introduction / / Jeremy Ramsden |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [Fourth edition.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (401 pages) |
| Disciplina | 570.285 |
| Collana | Computational biology |
| Soggetto topico | Bioinformatics |
| ISBN | 3-030-45607-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Preface to the Fourth Edition -- Preface to the Third Edition -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Preface to the First Edition -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 What is Bioinformatics? -- 1.2 What Can Bioinformatics Do? -- 1.3 An Ontology of Bioinformatics -- 1.4 The Organization of This Book -- References -- Part I Overview -- 2 Genotype, Phenotype, and Environment -- References -- 3 Regulation and Control -- 3.1 The Concept of Machine -- 3.2 Regulation -- 3.3 Cybernetics -- 3.4 Adaptation -- 3.5 The Integrating Rôle of Directive Correlation -- 3.6 Timescales of Adaptation -- 3.7 The Architecture of Functional Systems -- 3.8 Autonomy and Heterarchical Architecture -- 3.9 Biological Information Processing -- References -- 4 Evolution -- 4.1 Phylogeny and Evolution -- 4.1.1 Group and Kin Selection -- 4.1.2 Models of Evolution -- 4.2 Evolutionary Systems -- 4.3 Evolutionary Computing -- 4.4 Concluding Remarks on Evolution -- References -- 5 Origins of Life and Earth Prehistory -- References -- Part II Information -- 6 The Nature of Information -- 6.1 Structure and Quantity -- 6.1.1 The Generation of Information -- 6.1.2 Conditional and Unconditional Information -- 6.1.3 Experiments and Observations -- 6.2 Constraint -- 6.2.1 The Value of Information -- 6.2.2 The Quality of Information -- 6.3 Accuracy, Meaning, and Effect -- 6.3.1 Accuracy -- 6.3.2 Meaning -- 6.3.3 Effect -- 6.3.4 Significs -- 6.4 Further Remarks on Information Generation and Reception -- 6.5 Summary -- References -- 7 The Transmission of Information -- 7.1 The Capacity of a Channel -- 7.2 Coding -- 7.3 Decoding -- 7.4 Compression -- 7.4.1 Use of Compression to Measure Distance -- 7.4.2 Ergodicity -- 7.5 Noise -- 7.6 Error Correction -- 7.7 Summary -- References -- 8 Sets and Combinatorics -- 8.1 The Notion of Set -- 8.2 Combinatorics.
8.2.1 Ordered Sampling with Replacement -- 8.2.2 Ordered Sampling Without Replacement -- 8.2.3 Unordered Sampling Without Replacement -- 8.2.4 Unordered Sampling With Replacement -- 8.3 The Binomial Theorem -- 9 Probability and Likelihood -- 9.1 The Notion of Probability -- 9.2 Fundamentals -- 9.2.1 Generalized Union -- 9.2.2 Conditional Probability -- 9.2.3 Bernoulli Trials -- 9.3 Moments of Distributions -- 9.3.1 Runs -- 9.3.2 The Hypergeometric Distribution -- 9.3.3 The Law of Large Numbers -- 9.3.4 Additive and Multiplicative Processes -- 9.4 Likelihood -- References -- 10 Statistics and Causation -- 10.1 A Brief Outline of Statistics -- 10.2 The Calculus of Causation -- References -- 11 Randomness and Complexity -- 11.1 Random Processes -- 11.2 Markov Chains -- 11.3 Random Walks -- 11.4 The Generation of Noise -- 11.5 Complexity -- 11.6 Biological Complexity -- References -- 12 Systems and Networks -- 12.1 General Systems Theory -- 12.1.1 Automata -- 12.1.2 Cellular Automata -- 12.1.3 Percolation -- 12.1.4 Systems Biology -- 12.2 Networks (Graphs) -- 12.2.1 Trees -- 12.2.2 Complexity Parameters of Networks -- 12.2.3 Dynamical Properties -- 12.3 Synergetics -- 12.4 Self-organization -- References -- 13 Useful Algorithms -- 13.1 Pattern Recognition -- 13.2 Botryology -- 13.2.1 Clustering -- 13.2.2 Principal Component and Linear Discriminant Analyses -- 13.2.3 Wavelets -- 13.3 Multidimensional Scaling and Seriation -- 13.4 Visualization -- 13.5 The Maximum Entropy Method -- References -- Part III Biology -- 14 The Nature of Living Things -- 14.1 The Cell -- 14.2 Mitochondria -- 14.3 Metabolism -- 14.4 The Cell Cycle -- 14.4.1 The Chromosome -- 14.4.2 The Structures of Genome and Genes -- 14.4.3 The C-Value Paradox -- 14.4.4 The Structure of the Chromosome -- 14.5 Cancer -- 14.6 The Immune System -- 14.7 Molecular Mechanisms -- 14.7.1 Replication. 14.7.2 Proofreading and Repair -- 14.7.3 Recombination -- 14.7.4 Summary of Sources of Genome Variation -- 14.8 Gene Expression -- 14.8.1 Transcription -- 14.8.2 Regulation of Transcription -- 14.8.3 Prokaryotic Transcriptional Regulation -- 14.8.4 Eukaryotic Transcriptional Regulation -- 14.8.5 mRNA Processing -- 14.8.6 Translation -- 14.9 Ontogeny (Development) -- 14.9.1 Stem cells -- 14.9.2 Epigenesis -- 14.9.3 The Epigenetic Landscape -- 14.9.4 ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/objdef Equ /Subtype /Span /ActualText (r) /StPNE pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmarkto.ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/Artifact < -- < -- /Type /Pagination> -- > -- /BDC pdfmark rps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmark ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StPop pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmark and ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/objdef Equ /Subtype /Span /ActualText (upper K) /StPNE pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmarkto.ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/Artifact < -- < -- /Type /Pagination> -- > -- /BDC pdfmark Kps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StBMC pdfmark ps: [/EMC pdfmark [/StPop pdfmark [/StBMC pdf -- 14.9.5 Homeotic Genes -- References -- Chapter15TheMoleculesofLife -- 15.1MoleculesandSupramolecularStructure -- 15.1MoleculesandSupramolecularStructure -- thletterofthealphabet.Thenextstageofcomplexityistoconsidermolecules(Table15.2)andmacromolecules(Table15.3).Thisisstillhighlyreductionist,however,itcorrespondstocalculatingShannonentropyfromthevocabularyofMacbeth.Wordsare,however,groupedintosentences,which,inturn,arearrangedintoparagraphs.Thecellisanalogouslyhighlystructured-moleculesaregroupedintosupramolecularcomplexes,which,inturn,areassembledintoorganelles.Thisstructure,someofwhichisvisibleintheopticalmicroscope,butwhichmostlyneedsthehigherre -- . -- 15.1MoleculesandSupramolecularStructure -- Element -- 500 -- Notypes -- Element -- 1600 -- H -- Element -- . -- 15.2Water -- 10nm -- . -- Density -- . -- . -- 15.3DNA -- . -- TheO-Hinfraredspectrum(ofHODinliquidD. Bondedandnonbondedionsareinequilibrium: -- atroomtemperatureorabout2.4kJ/mol) -- . -- Fig.15.2PolymerizedDNA.Theso-called -- Fig.15.2PolymerizedDNA.Theso-called -- endisatthelowerright(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei) -- to -- Fig.15.2PolymerizedDNA.Theso-called -- Fig.15.3Thehydrogen-bondingpatternsofcomplementarybases(thymine[T],adenine[A],gua-nine[G],cytosine[C],movingroundclockwisefromtheupperleft)(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei).InRNA,uracil(U)replacesthymine(i.e.,themethylgrouponthebaseisreplacedbyhydrogen)andtheribosehasahydroxylgroup.ThelowerpairisdenotedbyCpG(Sect.14.8.4) -- Fig.15.3Thehydrogen-bondingpatternsofcomplementarybases(thymine[T],adenine[A],gua-nine[G],cytosine[C],movingroundclockwisefromtheupperleft)(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei).InRNA,uracil(U)replacesthymine(i.e.,themethylgrouponthebaseisreplacedbyhydrogen)andtheribosehasahydroxylgroup.ThelowerpairisdenotedbyCpG(Sect.14.8.4) -- . -- Asexpectedfromtheiraromaticstructure,thebasesareplanar.Figure15.4showstheformationofthedoublehelix.Thegenesofmostorganismsareformedbysuchadoublehelix.ThemeltingoftheH-bondsasthetemperatureisraisedishighly coöperative(duetotherepulsiveelectrostaticforcebetweenthechargedphosphategroups).Onaverage,theseparationintosinglestrandedDNAoccursatabout80 -- Fig.15.3Thehydrogen-bondingpatternsofcomplementarybases(thymine[T],adenine[A],gua-nine[G],cytosine[C],movingroundclockwisefromtheupperleft)(afterAgeno,1967 -- reproducedwithpermissionoftheAccademiadeiLincei).InRNA,uracil(U)replacesthymine(i.e.,themethylgrouponthebaseisreplacedbyhydrogen)andtheribosehasahydroxylgroup.ThelowerpairisdenotedbyCpG(Sect.14.8.4) -- Table15.5summarizessomesigni cantdiscoveriesrelatingtoDNA. -- Discoveryorevent -- Example:UCSCGenomeBrowser -- Crick -- Discoveryorevent. Atetranucleotidestructureelucidated -- 1944 -- Principalworker(s) -- Discoveryorevent -- where -- (15.4) -- isBoltz-mann'sconstant,and -- . -- 15.4RNA -- . -- 15.4RNA -- .Theconceptcanbeillustratedbyfocusingonloopclo-sure,consideredtobethemostimportantfoldingevent.Thepotentialenergyistheenthalpy(i.e.,thenumber -- RNAhas vemainfunctions:asamessenger(mRNA),actingasanintermediaryinproteinsynthesis -- asanenzyme(ribozymes) -- aspart(about60%byweight,therestbeingprotein)oftheribosome(rRNA) -- asthecarrierfortransferringaminoacidstothegrowingpolypeptidechainsynthesizedattheribosome(tRNA) -- andasamodulatorofDNA4andmRNAinteractions-smallinterferingRNA(siRNA -- seeSect.14.8.4). -- 15.4RNA -- Fig.15.5ApieceofRNA(fromtheQ -- Fig.15.5ApieceofRNA(fromtheQ -- 15.5Proteins -- Globularproteins -- Fig.15.5ApieceofRNA(fromtheQ -- whichmaybeverylarge,suchthattheyformgelsbyentanglement.Thepolypeptidebackboneisextensivelydecoratedwithrelativelyshortpolysac-charides.Typicallytheyactaslubricantsandengulfers(example:mucin) -- -- . -- . -- whichmaybeverylarge,suchthattheyformgelsbyentanglement.Thepolypeptidebackboneisextensivelydecoratedwithrelativelyshortpolysac-charides.Typicallytheyactaslubricantsandengulfers(example:mucin) -- -- . -- whicharealsoglobular,butpermanentlyembedded(transversally)inalipidbilayermembrane.Theymainlyfunctionaschannels,energyandsignaltransducers,andmotors(examples:ATPase,bacteriorhodopsin,andporin). -- whichmaybeverylarge,suchthattheyformgelsbyentanglement.Thepolypeptidebackboneisextensivelydecoratedwithrelativelyshortpolysac-charides.Typicallytheyactaslubricantsandengulfers(example:mucin) -- -- . -- 4.4 -- . -- . -- denotesabenzenering.Squarebracketsdenotearingstructure -- . -- Fig.15.6Hydrogen-bondingcapabilitiesofthepeptidebackboneandthepolarresidues(afterBakerandHubbard).Residuesnotshownareincapableofhydrogenbondformation. Fig.15.6Hydrogen-bondingcapabilitiesofthepeptidebackboneandthepolarresidues(afterBakerandHubbard).Residuesnotshownareincapableofhydrogenbondformation. |
| Record Nr. | UNISA-996550557003316 |
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Ramsden Jeremy
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| Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. di Salerno | ||
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Bioinformatics : An Introduction / / by Jeremy Ramsden
| Bioinformatics : An Introduction / / by Jeremy Ramsden |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Edizione | [3rd ed. 2015.] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | London : , : Springer London : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2015 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (XIX, 308 p. 34 illus.) |
| Disciplina | 572.80285 |
| Collana | Computational Biology |
| Soggetto topico |
Bioinformatics
Cytology Computational biology Biophysics System theory Computational Biology/Bioinformatics Cell Biology Computer Appl. in Life Sciences Biological and Medical Physics, Biophysics Systems Theory, Control |
| ISBN | 1-4471-6702-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto | Introduction -- Part I: Information -- The Nature of Information -- The Transmission of Information -- Sets and Combinatorics -- Probability and Likelihood -- Randomness and Complexity -- Systems, Networks and Circuits -- Algorithms -- Part II: Biology -- Introduction to Part II -- The Nature of Living Things -- The Molecules of Life -- Part III: Applications -- Introduction to Part III -- Genomics -- Proteomics -- The Glycome, Lipidome and Microbiome -- Interactomics -- The Nervous System -- Metabolomics and Metabonomics -- Phenomics -- Medical Applications -- Ecosystems Management -- The Organization of Knowledge. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910299254203321 |
|
Ramsden Jeremy
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||
| London : , : Springer London : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2015 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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Nanotechnology : an introduction / / Jeremy Ramsden
| Nanotechnology : an introduction / / Jeremy Ramsden |
| Autore | Ramsden Jeremy |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Boston, : Elsevier, 2011 |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (289 p.) |
| Disciplina | 620.5 |
| Collana | Micro & nano technologies series |
| Soggetto topico | Nanotechnology |
| ISBN |
1-283-16442-6
9786613164421 1-4377-7837-2 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Front Cover; Nanotechnology: An Introduction; Copyright; Table of Contents; Preface; Chapter 1.What is Nanotechnology?; 1.1Definitions and Concepts; 1.2An Ostensive Definition of Nanotechnology; 1.3A Brief History of Nanotechnology; 1.4Biology as Paradigm; 1.5Why Nanotechnology?; 1.6Summary; 1.7Further Reading; Chapter 2.The Nanoscale; 2.1The Size of Atoms; 2.2Molecules and Surfaces; 2.3Nucleation; 2.4Chemical Reactivity; 2.5Electronic and Optical Properties; 2.6Magnetic and Ferroelectric Properties; 2.7Mechanical Properties; 2.8Quantum Smallness; 2.9Summary; 2.10Further Reading
Chapter 3.Forces at the Nanoscale3.1The Casimir Force; 3.2Intermolecular Interactions; 3.3 Capillary Force; 3.4Heterogeneous Surfaces; 3.5Weak Competing Interactions; 3.6Cooperativity; 3.7Percolation; 3.8The Structure of Water; 3.9Summary; 3.10Further Reading; Chapter 4.The Nano/Bio Interface; 4.1The ""Physical"" Nano/Bio Interface; 4.2Nanomedicine; 4.3Nanotoxicology; 4.4Summary; 4.5Further Reading; Chapter 5.Nanometrology; 5.1Topography; 5.2Chemical Surface Structure (Chemography); 5.3The Metrology of Self-Assembly; 5.4The Representation of Texture; 5.5Metrology of the Nano/Bio Interface 5.6Summary5.7Further Reading; Chapter 6.Nanomaterials and their Production; 6.1Nanoparticles; 6.2Nanofibers; 6.3Nanoplates and Ultrathin Coatings; 6.4Crystallization and Supramolecular Chemistry; 6.5Composites; 6.6Summary; 6.7Further Reading; Chapter 7.Nanodevices; 7.1Issues of Miniaturization; 7.2Digital Information Processing; 7.3Quantum Computing; 7.4Electronic Devices; 7.5Trends in the Miniaturization of Electronics; 7.6Spintronics (Magnetic Devices); 7.7Photonic Devices; 7.8Mechanical Devices; 7.9Fluidic Devices; 7.10Summary; 7.11Further Reading; Chapter 8.Nanofacture of Devices 8.1Top-Down Methods8.2Bottom-Up Methods; 8.3Bottom-to-Bottom Methods; 8.4Summary; 8.5Further Reading; Chapter 9. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials and Devices; 9.1Graphene; 9.2Carbon Nanotubes; 9.3Carbon Nanoparticles (Fullerenes); 9.4Materials Applications; 9.5Device Components and Devices; 9.6 Summary; 9.7Further Reading; Chapter 10.Nanosystems and their Design; 10.1Systems; 10.2 Materials selection; 10.3Defects in Nanograins; 10.4Spacial Distribution of Defects; 10.5Strategies to Overcome Component Failure; 10.6Computational Modeling; 10.7""Evolutionary"" Design; 10.8Performance Criteria 10.9 Scaleout10.10Standardization; 10.11Creative Design; 10.12Produceability; 10.13Summary; 10.14Further Reading; Chapter 11.Bionanotechnology; 11.1The Structural Nature of Biomolecules; 11.2Some General Characteristics of Biological Molecules; 11.3The Mechanism of Biological Machines; 11.4DNA as Construction Material; 11.5Biosensors; 11.6Biophotonic Devices; 11.7Summary; 11.8Further Reading; Chapter 12.The Impact of Nanotechnology; 12.1 Technical Revolutions; 12.2Scientific Impacts; 12.3Technical Impacts; 12.4Commercial and Economic Impacts; 12.5Environmental Impacts; 12.6Social Implications 12.7 Impacts on Individual Psychology |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9911004747603321 |
|
Ramsden Jeremy
|
||
| Boston, : Elsevier, 2011 | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
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