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Causes and symptoms of socio-cultural polarization : role of information and communication technologies / / edited by Israr Qureshi, [and three others]
| Causes and symptoms of socio-cultural polarization : role of information and communication technologies / / edited by Israr Qureshi, [and three others] |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (309 pages) |
| Disciplina | 381 |
| Soggetto topico | Digital media - Social aspects |
| ISBN |
981-16-5267-8
981-16-5268-6 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa  |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Acknowledgement -- Contents -- Contributors -- Introduction to the Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Polarization -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Spread of Misinformation -- 1.2 Cyberbullying -- 1.3 Fraud and Cybercrime -- 1.4 Dark Web -- 2 Polarization -- 2.1 Polarization in Different Domains and Industries -- 3 Processes That Lead to Polarization -- 3.1 Sociological Process -- 3.2 Psychological Process -- 3.3 Communication Process -- 3.4 Selection Process -- 3.5 ICTs Induced Process -- 4 Polarization Due to ICT-Enabled Platformization -- 5 Overview of the Book Chapters -- References -- Part I Techniques and Methods -- A Schelling-Opinion Model Based on Integration of Opinion Formation with Residential Segregation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Research Methodology -- 3.1 Model Parameters and Rules -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Findings -- 4.2 Final Configurations -- 4.2.1 Non-mixed Neighborhoods -- 4.2.2 Mutual Information -- 4.2.3 Overlapping -- 5 Discussion -- References -- The Dynamics of Online Opinion Formation: Polarization Around the Vaccine Development for COVID-19 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 History of Vaccine Hesitation -- 2.2 Polarization and Echo Chambers around Vaccines -- 3 Methodology: Using Network Simulation -- 4 Experiments and Results -- 4.1 Process of Data Preparation -- 4.2 Experimental Setup -- 4.3 Experimental Results -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- A.1 Appendix -- References -- Investigating Dynamics of Polarization of YouTube True and Fake News Channels -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Fake News -- 2.2 Polarization -- 2.3 Life-Threatening News -- 2.4 Epidemiological Modelling of Fake News -- 2.5 Consensus Formation -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Epidemiological Modelling to Understand the Dynamics of Users in True and Fake News.
3.2 Network Simulation Methodology to Investigate User Polarization in True and Fake News -- 4 Illustration of Examples -- 4.1 Illustration on YouTube Channel Depicting the Epidemiological Modelling -- 4.2 Illustration on YouTube Video Depicting the Model Used for Polarization of Users -- 5 Experiments and Results -- 5.1 Data Extraction, Cleaning & -- Experiment Setup -- 5.2 Experimental Results -- 6 Discussion and Inferences -- 7 Conclusion -- A.1 Appendixes -- A.1.1 Appendix 1: Showing the Number of Iterations Required for Consensus or Opinion Formation for Each of the News Topics -- A.1.2 Appendix 2: Subscribers and Viewers Data as Got from Site =#%ps:SDict begin /burl@bordercolor 0 1 1 def /burl@border 0 0 0 def endcolor push gray 0color popcolor push gray 0color popps:SDict begin BU.SS endps:SDict begin BU.SE end/Subtype /Link/H /I/Border [0 0 0]BorderArrayPatch/Color [1 0 0]/Dest (Hfootnote.53.\relax ⸀㌀⤀ 挀瘀渀 䠀⸀䈀☀㴀㈀怀 怀───怀⌀怀☀㈀开怀开开縀縀縉牵e -- A.1.3 Appendix 3: Average of Fake News vs True News for the Calculation of Sigma (σ == / (γ + )) -- References -- Part II Social Aspects of Polarization -- Political Polarization in Australia: A Case Study of Brushfires in Australia -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Bushfire in Australia -- 4 Methodology -- 5 Findings -- 5.1 The Traditionalists -- 5.1.1 Economic Logic -- 5.2 The Environmentalist -- 5.2.1 Sustainability Logic -- 6 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- (De)polarizing ICT Debates of Reservations and Affirmative Action Policy: A Plea for Reparations in India and the U.S. -- 1 U.S. Racial Policy from Affirmative Action to Reparations: An Introduction -- 2 Affirmative Action -- 3 Affirmative Action in the Media -- 4 Introducing Reparations -- 5 The Case of Caste and Reservations in India -- 6 Reservation Policy as Social Engineering Strategy. 7 Re-presentation of Reservation Policy in India -- 8 Caste and Media: Re-presentation of Reservation Policy in India -- 8.1 Dalit Media and Counter Public Space -- 9 Discussion -- 10 Conclusion -- References -- Part III Cultural Aspects of Polarization -- Impact of ICT on Literary Censorship: A Study of Selected Controversial Texts in Contemporary India -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 3 Literature Review -- 4 Case Discussions/ Descriptions: -- 4.1 One Part Woman (2014) -- 4.2 The Adivasi will not Dance (2017) -- 4.3 Moustache (2020) -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Investigating Social Media Induced Polarization on National Education Policy 2020 -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Review of Literature -- 2.1 Meta-Theoretical Analysis of Existing Literature About Polarization Through Social Media (Table 1) -- 2.2 Theoretical Framework of Study -- 2.3 Research Gap -- 3 Research Methodology -- 4 Analysis and Interpretation of Data -- 4.1 Social Media Induced Polarization About NEP 2020 -- 4.2 Opinion of Respondents Toward Attitudinal Change About NEP 2020 by Using Social Media -- 4.2.1 Exposure to Social Media on the Basis of Demographic Profile -- 4.2.2 Opinions Toward Attitudinal Change About NEP 2020 by Using Social Media -- 5 Discussion of the Study -- 6 Practical Implications of the Study -- 7 Limitations and Future Directions -- 8 Conclusion -- A.1 Appendix -- References -- Websites -- Media Bias and Bollywood: An Untold Story -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 2.1 Media Bias, Its Forms and the Impact on Society -- 2.2 Celebrities and Controversies -- 3 Data and Methodology -- 4 Experiment and Results -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Part IV Consequences and Outcomes of Polarization: Trends and Future Research Directions. Polarisation in Information Ethics: The Debates Between Privacy and Common Goods in the Chinese Social Credit System -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Polarisation and Information Ethics -- 2.1 The Ethical Approach to the Common Good -- 2.2 The Ethical Approach to Individual Liberty -- 3 Social Credit System (SCS) in China -- 4 Methodology -- 5 Findings -- 5.1 SCS Promotes Common Good -- 5.2 SCS Curtail Individual Liberties -- 6 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- A Comprehensive Review on Countering Rumours in the Age of Online Social Media Platforms -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 The Variations of False and Unverified Information -- 2.1.1 Gossip -- 2.1.2 Legend -- 2.1.3 Propaganda -- 2.1.4 Conspiracy Theory -- 2.1.5 Fake-News -- 2.1.6 Pseudoscience -- 2.1.7 Misinformation -- 2.2 Process-Based Perspective -- 2.3 Forms of False and Unverified Information -- 3 Rumour Facilitation Features in Online Social Media Platforms -- 4 The Evaluation of Strategies for Countering Rumours -- 4.1 Strategies with Impact on Senders -- 4.1.1 Legislation -- 4.1.2 Negotiation -- 4.2 Strategies with Impact on the Channel -- 4.2.1 Solutions Based on Artificial Intelligence -- 4.2.2 Collaborative Solutions -- 4.2.3 Design Based Solutions -- 4.2.4 Ad-hoc Factchecking -- 4.3 Strategies with Impact on the Receivers -- 4.3.1 Post-hoc Fact-checking -- 4.3.2 Rule of Thumbs to Deal with Targeted Rumours -- 4.3.3 Rumour Clinics -- 4.3.4 Control Centres -- 4.3.5 Education and Media Literacy -- 4.3.6 Public Inoculation -- 4.4 Evaluation of Strategies -- 4.4.1 An Evaluation Framework Based on the Spread of Infectious Diseases -- 4.4.2 Effectiveness of Strategies -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Future Research Directions in Polarization -- 1 Background -- 2 Future Directions of Research -- 3 Investigation of Unconventional Cases of Polarization. 4 Further Scope of Methodological Improvements -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Index. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910743340703321 |
| Singapore : , : Springer, , [2022] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||
Sharing economy at the base of the pyramid : opportunities and challenges / / Israr Qureshi, Babita Bhatt, Dhirendra Mani Shukla, editors
| Sharing economy at the base of the pyramid : opportunities and challenges / / Israr Qureshi, Babita Bhatt, Dhirendra Mani Shukla, editors |
| Pubbl/distr/stampa | Singapore : , : Springer, , [2021] |
| Descrizione fisica | 1 online resource (363 pages) |
| Disciplina | 334 |
| Soggetto topico | Cooperation |
| ISBN | 981-16-2414-3 |
| Formato | Materiale a stampa |
| Livello bibliografico | Monografia |
| Lingua di pubblicazione | eng |
| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Overview of Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid -- 1.1 Sharing Economy Models for BOP Contexts -- 1.1.1 3S Framework -- 1.1.1.1 Scope of Sharing -- 1.1.1.2 Possibility of Socialization -- 1.1.1.3 Degree of Social Intermediation -- 1.1.2 Reformative-Transformative Classification -- References -- Part I: Theoretical Underpinnings: Creating Fairer Sharing Economy -- Chapter 2: Not Only For-Profit, Sharing Solidarity and Promoting Opportunities. A Case Study in Rome -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Literature Review -- 2.2.1 Base of the Pyramid -- 2.2.2 The Sharing Turn: A Twofold Perspective Analysis -- 2.2.3 Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid -- 2.3 The Concept of Platform Cooperativism as a Social Way of Challenging the Crisis -- 2.4 The Case Study Research Context -- 2.5 Research Methodology -- 2.6 Findings -- 2.7 Discussion -- 2.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Socially Oriented Sharing Economy Platform in Regional Australia: A Polanyian Analysis -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Literature Review -- 3.2.1 Platform Capitalism Versus Platform Cooperativism -- 3.3 Method: Research Context -- 3.4 The Case: bHive Bendigo -- 3.4.1 Business Model -- 3.4.2 Operational Model -- 3.4.2.1 Village Hive -- 3.4.2.2 Car Sharing Cooperatives -- 3.4.2.3 Participant Incentives: Social Cohesion -- 3.5 Discussion -- 3.5.1 Collaborative Approach -- 3.5.2 Localisation Approach -- 3.5.3 Decentralisation Approach -- 3.6 Conclusion: Challenges and Future Research Directions -- References -- Chapter 4: The Sharing Economy Platforms in Rural China: Bridging Institutional Voids Through Institutional Entrepreneurship -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Sharing Economy Concept and Definition -- 4.2.1 Sharing Economy in China: Two Interpretations -- 4.2.1.1 Definition of Sharing Economy in China.
4.3 Sharing Economy and BoP: Institutional Voids -- 4.3.1 China: Rural Poverty and Institutional Voids -- 4.4 Research Method -- 4.5 Findings: Definitions of Sharing Economy -- 4.6 Case 1: Pinduoduo -- 4.6.1 Bridging Institutional Voids -- 4.6.2 Bridging Institutional Voids: Operating Model -- 4.6.3 Group Buying to Aggregate the Scattered Demand -- 4.7 Case 2: NSB -- 4.8 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 5: Social Intermediation Using Sharing Economy in India: A Case Study of Farmizen -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Literature Review -- 5.2.1 Sharing Economy in Resource-Constrained Environments -- 5.2.2 Social Intermediation and Social Value Creation at the BoP -- 5.3 Method -- 5.3.1 Research Context -- 5.3.1.1 Farmizen Model -- 5.3.2 Research Methodology -- 5.4 Findings -- 5.4.1 Sharing Economy Characteristics of the Farmizen Model -- 5.4.1.1 Digital Stack of Farmizen -- 5.4.1.2 Providing Access Without Ownership -- 5.4.1.3 Co-creation by Consumers -- 5.4.1.4 Temporality of Access -- 5.4.2 Social Intermediation Using the Sharing Economy Model -- 5.4.2.1 Lowering of Transaction Costs -- 5.4.2.2 Risk Mitigation -- 5.4.2.3 Rise in Income Level -- 5.4.2.4 Beyond Economic Value -- 5.5 Discussion -- 5.6 Conclusion and Future Research Directions -- References -- Part II: Context Based Challenges in Sharing Economy Models -- Chapter 6: Participation in the Sharing Economy for Refugees in Malaysia: A Solution that Bypasses Legal Constraints? -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Background -- 6.2.1 Theoretical Context -- 6.2.2 Sharing Economy in Malaysia -- 6.2.3 Forced Migrants in Malaysia -- 6.3 Methodology -- 6.4 Findings -- 6.4.1 The Legality of Work and Employment in Malaysia -- 6.4.2 Refugees and Asylum Seekers (i.e. Potential Workers) -- 6.4.3 Potential Employers -- 6.4.4 Founder of an Online Marketplace -- 6.5 Discussion -- 6.6 Conclusion. References -- Chapter 7: Leveraging the Power of Sharing: The Case of a Social Enterprise at the Base of the Pyramid -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Theoretical Background -- 7.2.1 Resource Mobilization Challenges of Social Enterprises -- 7.2.2 Sharing Economy at the BoP -- 7.2.3 Leveraging Sharing Economy for Resource Mobilization -- 7.3 Research Methodology -- 7.3.1 Empirical Setting -- 7.3.2 Data Collection -- 7.3.3 Data Analysis -- 7.4 Findings -- 7.4.1 Business Model -- 7.4.1.1 FF-Agri -- 7.4.1.2 FF-Vegi -- 7.4.1.3 FF-Sani -- 7.4.2 Resource Challenges -- 7.4.3 Leveraging Sharing Economy Model -- 7.4.4 Empirically Grounded Model -- 7.5 Discussion -- 7.6 Limitation and Future Research Direction -- References -- Chapter 8: Sharing Economy in India: Looking Base of the Pyramid Through Critical Infrastructure -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Literature Review -- 8.2.1 Research Context -- 8.3 Conceptual Framework for Sharing and Infrastructure Linkages Impact -- 8.4 Discussion -- 8.4.1 Decontextualisation: Theoretical Considerations -- 8.4.2 Recontextualisation the Circular Shared Economy -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9: Resourcing and Value Creation: A Case of Sharing Economy Model at the Base of the Pyramid -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Literature Review -- 9.2.1 Sharing Economy: An Alternative to Transform BoP -- 9.2.2 Resourcing in Sharing Economy at the BoP -- 9.3 Methodology -- 9.3.1 Research Context -- 9.3.2 Research Methodology -- 9.4 Findings -- 9.4.1 Characteristics of Sharing Economy Models - Loop and Farmstack -- 9.4.1.1 Temporary and Customised Resource Access -- 9.4.1.2 Platform-Mediated Peer-to-Peer Transactions -- 9.4.1.3 Mission -- 9.4.1.4 Ownership -- 9.4.2 Role of Individuals and Organisations in Fostering Specific Resourcing Activities -- 9.4.2.1 Assurance of Data Privacy and Security. 9.4.2.2 Bridging the Divide Between the Institutional Offering and Community Need -- 9.4.2.3 Building Market Linkages -- 9.4.2.4 Resourcing Through Local Actors -- 9.4.3 Resourcing Through Other Organisations -- 9.4.3.1 Market Access by Restructuring Supply Chain -- 9.4.3.2 Precision and Climate-Resilient Customised Agricultural Practices -- 9.4.3.3 Bringing Comfort and Safety Assurance -- 9.4.3.4 Regulatory and Legal Compliance -- 9.4.3.5 Quick and Organised Economic Transaction and Equitable Treatment to the Marginals -- 9.4.3.6 Trust Building Through Ethically Just Practices -- 9.4.3.7 Improving Quality of Life -- 9.4.3.8 Improving Business Performance by Reducing Operational Cost -- 9.4.3.9 Mitigating Risk Through a Stable Operational Regime -- 9.4.3.10 Better Supply to the Market and Emerging Microentrepreneurial Opportunities -- 9.5 Discussion -- 9.5.1 Limitations and Research Directions -- 9.6 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Inclusion and Exclusion in Sharing Economy at BOP -- Chapter 10: Digital Discrimination in Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Theoretical Background -- 10.2.1 Base of the Pyramid -- 10.2.2 Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid -- 10.2.3 Discrimination in Organizational Settings -- 10.3 Discrimination on Digital Platforms for BoP -- 10.3.1 Age -- 10.3.2 Caste -- 10.3.3 Gender -- 10.3.4 Physical Disability -- 10.3.5 Race -- 10.3.6 Religion -- 10.3.7 Sexual Orientation -- 10.3.8 Socio-economic Status -- 10.3.9 Spatial/Locational -- 10.4 Consequences of Discrimination -- 10.4.1 Psychosomatic Effects on Providers and Consumers -- 10.4.2 Economic Costs to Providers and Consumers -- 10.4.3 Organizational Consequences -- 10.4.4 Social Consequences -- 10.5 Strategies to Manage Digital Discrimination -- 10.5.1 Organization Level - Values in Words and Action. 10.5.2 Industry Level - Awareness and Action -- 10.5.3 Institutional Level - Act Against Discrimination -- 10.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 11: Solidarity in the Sharing Economy: The Role of Platform Cooperatives at the Base of the Pyramid -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Literature Review -- 11.2.1 The BoP Context -- 11.2.2 The Contemporary Sharing Economy at the BoP -- 11.2.3 Platform Cooperativism -- 11.3 Typology of Platform Cooperatives at the Base of the Pyramid -- 11.3.1 Sharing Assets -- 11.3.2 Local Gig Work -- 11.3.3 Remote Gig Work -- 11.3.4 Online Market -- 11.3.5 Cultural Services -- 11.3.6 Financial and Insurance Services -- 11.3.7 Agricultural Industry -- 11.3.8 Data -- 11.3.9 Software -- 11.4 Discussion -- 11.4.1 Contributions to Research -- 11.4.2 Contributions to Practice -- 11.4.3 Directions for Future Research -- 11.5 Conclusion -- References -- Part IV: Emerging Trends -- Chapter 12: Ethitrade: Countering Challenges of Sharing Economy at the Base of the Pyramid Using Technology -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Theoretical Background -- 12.2.1 Sharing Economy and Challenges -- 12.2.2 BoP Context and Challenges -- 12.2.3 Sharing Economy at the BoP -- 12.3 Methods -- 12.3.1 Empirical Setting -- 12.3.2 Data Collection and Analysis -- 12.4 Findings -- 12.4.1 Business Model of Ethitrade -- 12.4.2 Challenges Faced by Ethitrade -- 12.4.3 Leveraging Technology to Address the Challenges -- 12.5 Discussion -- 12.6 Limitation and Future Research Direction -- References -- Chapter 13: Social Sustainability at the BOP Through Building Inclusive Social Capital: A Case Study of Drishtee -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Literature Review -- 13.2.1 The Base of the Pyramid -- 13.2.2 Value Creation at the BOP -- 13.2.2.1 Social Capital at the BOP -- 13.3 Methods -- 13.3.1 Research Setting -- 13.4 Findings -- 13.4.1 Barter System. 13.4.2 MIRI - Made in Rural India. |
| Record Nr. | UNINA-9910495246103321 |
| Singapore : , : Springer, , [2021] | ||
| Materiale a stampa | ||
| Lo trovi qui: Univ. Federico II | ||
| ||